SU1556806A1 - Method of producing forging of crankshafts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular, to methods for producing forgings of crankshafts, and can be used in forging and pressing production when forging billets of large multi-shaft shafts. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the forging and reduce the labor intensity of manufacturing the product. After heating the cylindrical billet, the forging of the necks and the preliminary forging of the knees into a cylindrical section are carried out. The final forging of the knees to a rectangular cross section is carried out, the knees are turned by turning the workpiece before the compression of each subsequent knee to the final dimensions and compression of this knee. The ratio of the knee areas after the preliminary and final forging is maintained at 1.25 ... 1.35. 5 il.

Description

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The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used in forging and pressing production in the forging of large multi-shaft billet blanks.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of forgings and reduce the labor intensity of manufacturing products.

FIG. 1 shows the original billet with the necks I, II, and III finally stretched to forging sizes and pre-compressed bends A, B, and B of diameter D; in fig. 2 - billet after crimping knee A to forging dimensions; in fig. 3 - the workpiece after rotation of the knee A at an angle of 60 ° and compression of the knee B to forging dimensions; in fig. 4 - the workpiece after turning the knee B to an angle of 60 ° and crimping the knee B to forging dimensions; in fig. 5 is a cross-section of the FIG. four.

The method is carried out as follows.

The billet is pulled to the diameter D (Fig. 1), so that the ratio of the area of its cross section to the final cross-sectional area of the forging knee is 1.25-1.35. Then, on the workpiece, knees are cut and the necks are reduced to forging dimensions (not shown in Fig. 1). After that, knee A is installed on the lower flat plate and compressed to its quiescent dimensions (on the plate) with the upper flat striker- (Fig. 2). Next, the workpiece is turned by a manipulator until knee A is located at a given angle relative to its initial position, after which knee B is set on the slab and compressed to forging dimensions (Fig. 3). Similarly, turn the knee B and compress the knee in to forging dimensions (Fig. 4).

The formation of the knee with the ratio of the area of its cross-section and final

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The cross section of the forging knee less than 1.25 leads to the formation of bevels in the transverse rectangular section of the forging, at the places of which there is a minimum allowance for machining, which worsens the final size of the knee. The formation of a knee with a cross-sectional area ratio of more than 1.35 leads to the formation of a significant curvature of the non-deformable surfaces of the knees due to uneven deformation, 10 which occurs during the compression of the plates and, accordingly, to an increase in forging allowances, which increases the complexity of the machining.

Example. Three-shaft forgings with 15 knee sizes 580Х960ХЮ80 mm, necks with a diameter of 450 mm, a length of 970 mm and two - 1320 mm, a flange with a diameter of 810 mm, a length of 200 mm, end necks with a diameter of 430 mm, a length of 300 and 1040 mm, respectively. Three knees are located between themselves at an angle of 20 to 60 °. Material - steel 40XH. The mass of the forging is 22,000 kg. A three-piece forging weight is forged from an ingot weighing 36,000 kg on a press with a force of 100 mn for five removals.

In the first removal after heating to the forging temperature of 2g, the ingot billet to a diameter of 1220 mm, squeeze the profits under the sedimentary plate, set it down to a diameter of 1600 mm and preliminarily stretch to a diameter of 1200 mm.

and the flange, stretching the bottom con 0850 and on 0430, ironing out the fl and measuring the profitable con grab.

In the third takeaway, install the jaws and squeeze the necks to the striker (mm).

In the fourth offset, they are crimped over mm and necks P and W to

In the fifth offset, they install a ko on the slab and compress it in moderation, then knee C at 60 °, then knee B on the slab and compress the gauge. After that, turn to 60 °, set the knee on the compressed it in moderation.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula  The method of obtaining shaft forgings, including heating the blanks of the necks and preliminary forging a cylindrical section, reversing their final forging to the straight section by successively between the flat plates of each at a given angle in the circumferential area, characterized in that and reduce the capacity of their manufacture, knee forging is preformed with the ratio of cross-sectional area to col I 1VIV, 1 p 1 dtrfV / IT HL. - “I In the second takeaway, the ingot is dragged by 30 for a preliminary and final diameter of 950 mm; the rings are marked out to 1.25-1.35. I L 8G and flange, stretching the bottom end at 0850 and 0430, ironing the flange in moderation and crimping the profitable end under the grip. In the third takeaway, narrow strikers are installed and the necks are crimped to the striker's entrance (mm). In the fourth offset, the neck is compressed with 1 to mm and the neck P and, W to mm. In the fifth offset, set the knee B on the slab and compress it in moderation, then turn the knee C by 60 °, then install the knee B on the slab and compress it in measure. After that, turn the knee B at 60 °, set the knee A on the plate and compress it in moderation. Invention Formula  The method of obtaining crankshaft forgings, including heating the workpiece, forging the necks and preforging the knees to a cylindrical section, turning the knees and their final forging to a rectangular section by successively squeezing between the flat plates of each knee at a given angle in the circumferential direction, characterized in that in order to improve the quality of forgings and reduce the laboriousness of their manufacture, the forging of the knees is carried out at the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the knees after forging   - “I  preliminary and final 1.25-1.35. -J BUT FIG. one Fff ± FIG. 2 h Fig.Z FIG. four YYY