SU1556679A1 - Device for obtaining ionic solution of silver - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is intended to produce antimicrobial drugs. The purpose of the invention is to increase the stability of a given ion concentration. The electrolyte, which serves as distilled water with alkali or alkaline earth metal fluoride, is fed under pressure into a vessel 7 with cathode and anode spaces separated by means of a nozzle 11. The length of the nozzle channels, placed coaxially with perforations of the electrodes 8 and 9, refers to their diameter as 10: 1. The electrodes 8 and 9 are connected to a low-voltage stable current generator 10. The electrolyte is transferred from the cathode space to the anode one and, together with the silver ions released from the silver anode, enters the collection 13. 2 Il.

Description

The invention relates to medical technology and is intended to produce antimicrobial drugs.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the stability of a given ion concentration.

FIG. 1 shows the device, a general view; in fig. 2 - electrical device diagram.

The device for obtaining an ionic solution of silver consists of injection tanks 1, installed symmetrically with respect to the rod 2 and fixed on the bracket 3 by means of damping springs 4 with complete reversible deformation. The containers 1 with a hose 5 with a clamp 6 are connected to the vessel 7, the cathode 8 and the anode 9 of which are perforated round plates, and the anode 9 is made of silver 999.9 samples. The electrodes 8 and 9 are connected to a stable current generator 10.

In the central part of the vessel 7, an adapter 11 with longitudinal channels is installed. The length of its channels refers to their diameter as 10: 1. The nozzle channels are located coaxially with the holes of the electrodes 8 and 9. Such a design of the nozzle 11 prevents diffusion and migration of the anolyte components into the cathode space during the directional movement of the electrolyte from the cathode space into the anode one, starting from certain flow rates. The vessel 7 is connected to a flow meter 12 calibrated with flow rates for the range of silver concentrations required, taking into account the working anode current densities. The ionic solution of silver received as a result of electrolysis enters collection 13.

The stable current generator 10 comprises a series-rectifier 14 connected in series, a voltage regulator 15 and a current stabilizer 16. The generator 10 provides the constancy of the current flowing in the circuit of the device in a wide range of resistance values of the electrolyte and electrodes. In the initial period of electrolysis, the resistance of the electrolyte is high, since the concentration of ions is very low (mol / l in H and mol in K +). During electrolysis, the concentration of ions increases (due to

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the formation of OH ions in the catholyte and the Ag + ions in the anolyte), the conductivity of the solution increases, and the resistance decreases. This reduction may differ by an order of magnitude from the original value. Consequently, according to Ohm’s law, in the case of a constant voltage, the current should change (respectively, the current density), which should, according to Farad’s law, change the transition rate

silver ions in solution, i.e. - const. Consequently, the concentrations obtained during electrolysis must change ().

Thus, in order to dose the concentration of silver ions in the solution, it is necessary to ensure the current in the vessel 7, which is achieved using the generator 10, since its electronic circuit is such that the output current is kept constant regardless of the load resistance value over wide limits change it.

The preparation of an ionic solution of silver using the described device is carried out as follows.

The vessel 7 is filled with electrolyte (distilled water containing alkali or alkaline earth metal fluoride with a concentration depending on the desired concentration of silver ions), which is supplied from tanks 1. If necessary, the concentration of silver ions 40 mg / l of potassium fluoride salt is taken in an amount of 30 kg / l. After filling the vessel 7, the supply of electrolyte is stopped, the hose 5 is blocked by the clip 6. The electrodes 8 and 9 are connected to the stable current generator 10, and it is connected to the network. Previously, using known dependencies, the time needed for obtaining a solution of a given concentration is calculated, taking into account the electrolyte feed rate.

In this case, for an ionic silver solution concentration of 40 mg / l and a volume of 1.5 l, the calculated device operation time is 50 minutes, and the feed rate of the electrolyte is 30 ml / min. Clip 6 resumes the flow of electrolyte, the flow rate of which is controlled by the flow meter 12.

The electrolyte is transported under pressure from the cathode space through the channels of the nozzle} 1 to the anode space, where silver ions are released under the action of current from the anode, which, together with the electrolyte flow, enters the collector 13.

As the electrolyte is consumed, the tank 1 under the action of the spring 4 moves upward toward the bracket 3. This maintains a constant pressure drop ensuring the supply of electrolyte.

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Distilled water ensures the purity of the resulting silver ion solution, which is used as an antimicrobial preparation with a wide spectrum of action. In addition, distilled water does not contain undesirable substances that could react on the electrodes or irritate the wound surface and body tissues.

When silver is anodically dissolved in distilled water, the phenomenon of passivation of the anode is always observed, which is associated with the formation of an oxide film on its surface. In this case, the generator 10 provides constant current when the resistance is changed by 10-15 times. 0 However, with a further increase in resistance, the generator 10 will not be able to maintain a constant current. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out an anode depassivation.

For depassivating the anode, use is made of the depassivating additive of fluoride ion in the form of an alkali or alkaline earth metal fluoride salt. The choice of this depassatory additive is justified by the fact that of all the anions forming soluble electrolyte salt with silver, fluoride ion is the only possible additive that meets all the requirements of electrochemistry and medicine at the same time. Fluoride-ion depassivates the anode and increases the electrodeposition of distilled water, reduces power consumption. At the same time, its use in the described concentrations (established by calculations) contributes to the improvement of local metabolic processes, especially in osteomyelitic tissues with depleted regenerative potential, due to the pronounced osteotropic properties of fluorine.

Experimental studies have been carried out to study the effect of the mineral composition of water on silver output by current. The experimental results indicate that the nature of the process in the electrolytic dissolution of silver depends on the composition of the impurities of ions in water; the presence of ammonium groups in water inhibits the release of silver due to pronounced pro

complexation process with Ag +; the presence of large amounts of sulfates in water prevents electrolytic dissolution of silver due to the release of oxygen at the anode; The presence of chlorides in water leads to the formation of a silver chloride film on the silver anode, which impedes the dissolution of the metal and, consequently, reduces the silver output by current; fluoride ions promote the progressive release of silver from the surface of the silver anode.

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Experimental studies using the methods of potentiometric titration with the participation of a chlorine-silver reference electrode and an indicator ion-selective electrode, as well as atomic absorption spectrophotometry, showed significant efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed device.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula An apparatus for producing an ionic solution of silver, comprising a vessel with an anode and a cathode placed in it, connected to a current source characterized by the fact that, in order to increase the stability of a given ion concentration, the vessel is provided with inlet and outlet nozzles located inlet - in the lower part, and outlet - in the upper part of the vessel, which is equipped with a nozzle with longitudinal channels installed in its middle part, the two sides of which are located the anode and cathode, made in the form of plates with perforations, coaxial with the channels, the ratio of length to diameter is 10: 1, with the anode located in the upper part of the vessel. cpue.i Etc R7VT3