SU1552009A1 - Device for measuring geometric parameters of moving logs - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to a measurement technique. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of measurements by eliminating the influence of measurement errors associated with the presence of cross-beams, canopies, knots, bifurcated and split sections of a log. A device for measuring the geometrical parameters of the moving timber contains optically coupled light source 1, lens 2 and photoelectric converter 3, on which a signal corresponding to the diameter of the log 30 is formed. Using the displacement sensor 26, the key 27 of the log length pulses and the counter 28 of the log length the length of the log, which is entered into the block 29 registration and display. In the first counter 8, the smallest diameter of the log is entered, and in the second counter 9 - the difference between the previous diameter value and the smallest one. When an empty crosshead 41 hits the converter 3, the frame 38 transmitted locks the recording of the length into the counter 28 and the diameter entry into the counter 8. With a bifurcated log section, the number of dark envelopes of the video signal exceeds one. The counter 32 dark sections blocks the subtracting input of the counter 8, maintaining the same value of the minimum diameter. When an image of a visor or a knot hits the converter 3, the difference in counter 9 will be greater than or equal to the value fixed in decoder 40, and the latter blocks the recording of the new diameter in counter 8, i.e. The diameter of the knot or visor is not entered into the counter 8. 1 il.

Description

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The invention relates to a measurement technique and can be used to measure 25 geometrical parameters of moving timber.

The aim of the invention is to improve the measurement accuracy by eliminating the influence of measurement errors associated with the presence of traverses, Q conveyor, visors} knots, bifurcated and split sections of the log.

The drawing shows a block diagram of the proposed device.

A device for measuring the geometrical parameters of the moving timber contains an optically coupled light source 1, a 2 I lens and a photoelectric transducer. 3, serially connected amplifier 4, whose input is connected to the output of the photoelectric converter 3 and the comparator 5, the frame imager 6, the frame start pulse generator 7, the first 8 and second 9 counters, the clock generator 10, the time zone generator 11, consisting of shapers of recording zones 12, counting 13, control 14 and subtracting 15, keys 16 and 17 of the filling pulses and the video signal envelope, trigger 18 of the video signal, triggers 19 and 20 for the presence of a log and the length of the log, the first 21, the second 22 and the third 23 And, keys 24 and 25 zap ETA and reset, respectively, movement of the sensor 26, the key 27, the pulse length of the log, the counter 28

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log length, block., 29 logging data on the length and minimum diameter of the log, used to move log 30, conveyor 31, kinematically connected with displacement sensor 26, counter 32 dark portions of the video signal envelope, first 34 and second 35 keys analysis of the envelope, the key 36 installation, the key 37 skip frames, the counter 38 skip frames, the element OR 39, decoder 40 difference, the measured log 30 is installed on the crosspiece 41 of the conveyor 31, the input of the imager 6 frame connected to the output of the clock gene ator 10, input of photoelectric converter 3, second input of trigger 11 of the video signal envelope and second input of key 16 of filling pulses, the first input of which is connected to the second input of key 17 of the video signal envelope and output of the trigger 18 of the video signal envelope, the first input of which is connected to the output of comparator 5, the first the output of the imaging unit 6 of the frame is connected to the first input of the imaging unit 15 of the subtraction and the input of the imaging unit 7 of the beginning of the frame pulse, the second, third and fourth outputs are connected respectively to the first inputs of the pho controllers 14, counting 13 and record 12, the output of the pulse shaper 7 (the beginning of the frame is connected to the second input of the second key 35 of the envelope analysis, the first input of the installation key 36 and

the second input of the driver 12 C, the output of which is connected to the reset input of the counter 32 dark areas, the first input of the trigger. 19 the presence of a log, the first input of the reset key 25, the control input of the trigger 19 for the log, the first input of the reset key 25, the control input of the second counter 9 and the second input of the counting unit 13, the output of which is connected to the first input of the key 17 of the video envelope, the second the input of the second element AND 22 to the second input of the imaging unit 14 of the control, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first element And 21 and the second input of the imaging unit 15 of the subtraction, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first key 34 of the envelope analysis, the output of the cell The 17th video signal envelope is connected to the second input of the trigger 19 for the presence of a log and the summing input of the counter 32 dark sections, the output of which is connected to the input of the decoder 33 envelope, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first key 34 of the envelope analysis and the first input of the second key 35 of the envelope analysis , the output of the trigger 19 for the presence of a log is connected to the second input of the first element I 21, the second input of the key 37 of transmitted frames and the second input of the installation key 36, the output of which is connected to the reset input of the counter 38 of the passed frame in and the third input of the trigger 20 of the length of the log, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second key 35 of the envelope analysis, the first input is connected to the output of the second key 35 of the envelope analysis, the first input is connected to the first input of the pass frame 37 and one of the outputs of the pass frame 38 , the output is connected to the third inputs of the first and second elements And 21 and 22 and the second input of the reset key 25, the output of the key 16 of the filling pulses is connected to the first inputs of the second 22 and third 23 And elements and the first input of the prohibition key 24, the second in one of which is connected to the reverse transfer output of the second counter 9 and the third input of the third element And 23, the output is connected to the subtractive input of the second counter 9, the recording input of which is connected to the output of the first counter 8 and the first input of the data recording unit 29, the output is connected to the input of the decoder 40 the difference, the output of which is connected to the fourth input of the third element And 23, the output of the first key 34 of the envelope analysis is connected to the second input of the third element And 23, the output of which is connected to the subtractive

Q input of the first counter 8, the summing input of which is connected to the output of the second element And 22, the reset input is connected to the output of the reset key 25, the output of the key 37 of the passed P5 ROV5 frame is connected to the summing input of the counter of the 38 passed frames, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the OR element 39, the output of which is connected to the first input of the key 27 of the pulse 0 of the log length and the second input of the counter 28 of the log length, the output of which is connected to the second input of the data recording unit 29, the first input is connected to the output of the key 27 of the pulse5 of the log length, sec Its input is connected to the output of the displacement sensor 26, the output of the first element And 2 1 is connected to the third input of the data recording unit 29.

Integrated blocks are introduced to describe the operation of the device.

The preprocessing block contains blocks 4, 5. The video envelope shaping unit and the filling pulses includes keys 16, 17 and

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trigger 18. The signal conditioner for the presence of a log in the measurement zone contains triggers 19 and 20, key 36. The frame former and its time zones consist of drivers 6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 15. The offset from the traverse includes key 37, counter 38 The analysis of the envelope of the video signal contains a counter 32,

With the decoder 33, the keys 34, 35. The scheme for selecting the minimum diameter contains the elements And 22 and 23, the keys 24, 25, counters 8, 9. The registration block consists of the element And 21, key 27, counter 28, block 29 of the registration, element OR 39

The video signal is formed on the photoelectric converter 3 and is fed to the preprocessing unit, where it is amplified by the amplifier 4 and passes through the comparator 5.

The envelope shaping unit of the video signal forms an envelope that enters the analysis circuit and

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The signal conditioner of the presence of a log, and depending on the type of the envelope, permits or1 prohibits the passage of a filling pulse to the minimum diameter selection scheme.

The frame former and its time zones determine the frame duration, produce a frame start pulse and divide the frame period into four time zones.

When an object appears in the measurement zone, the traversing from the traverse begins logical processing with a certain predetermined time delay, which is determined by the number of frames dropped, frame duration and conveyor speed. This delay allows the empty traverse to pass through the measurement zone without measuring its length and width and entering this data into the recording unit. The delay can be changed (the drawing shows the activation of the frame 38 bypass frames, with the co-TiopoM three frames are skipped).

In addition, when a forest ma- ter is moving with a visor or knot forward, the detuning pattern from the traverse eliminates frames with the image of the visor or knot from logical processing. The video signal envelope analysis scheme counts the number of dark areas in one video signal. If their number is more than one, the analysis scheme disables the logical processing of this frame.

The minimum diameter selection scheme compares the diameter b, is jealous in the current frame with the diameter measured in the previous frame, and resembles the minimum value. Such a comparison occurs in each frame before the assortment leaves the measurement zone.

Shaper signals the presence and

The length of the log gives information about the presence of the object in the measurement area, allows logical processing of the video signal and recording the length data if the object was found to be a log. Difference decoder 40 serves to exclude measurements of visors or knots from logical processing. It compares the difference between the diameters measured in the current and previous frames with the specified value. If such a current difference is greater than this value, then a distance of 520098 is prohibited;

Sha processing of the current frame, i.e. this measurement is ignored.

The unit 29 for registering the length and minimum diameter of the assortment stores in its registers the measurement results of each log db of the moment the next log leaves the assortment zone, and if necessary, indicates them.

JQ The device operates in a cyclic mode as follows.

The clock generator 10 and the imaging unit 6 of the frame determine the duration of the cycle, i.e. frame period. Whole

J5 frame period is divided into four time zones. The duration of the time zones and their sequence is strictly constant and depends on the state of the 6th frame former. This construction is determined by the clock generator 10, which, in turn, controls the operation of the photoelectric converter Z. Thus, the operating mode of the photoelectric converter 3 and the former 11 time zones strictly coincides in time.

During the time zone of the recording produced by the shaper 12,

30, at the command of the clock generator 10, information is recorded from the photosensitive element array in the photoelectric converter register 3. During the counting zone

, and the control zones defined by the shaper 13 and 14, the pulse signals are output from the register of the photoelectric converter 3 and the illumination of the line of its photosensitive illumination

40 significant elements.

The work of the formers of the time zones is as follows. At the beginning of the frame shaper 6 frame reset. Shaper 7 forms

de momentum start frame for which

The D-trigger of the recording area driver 12 is set to one. When shaper counter 6 counts a certain amount

50 pulses, the first input of the imaging unit 12 receives a signal that resets the imaging unit 12 of the recording area. On the falling edge of the signal of the imaging unit 12 of the recording zone, the mouth of the imaging unit is inserted into the unit of the imaging unit 13 of the counting zone. After a certain number of pulses, the driver 13 is reset on the first input by the signal of the driver 6. Operation

shapers of control zones 14 and subtraction 15 are made in a similar way. If there is no log 30 in the measurement area of the device, D-trigger 18 of the video signal envelope closes the key 17 of the video signal envelope, since the amplitude level of the video signal supplied to the first input of the D-flip-flop 18 of the video signal from the output of the comparator 5 during the counting zone is high, D- the trigger 19 for the presence of a log is reset on the first input of the signal from the output of the imaging unit 12 of the recording zone. During the counting zone, it does not change its state, since the key 17 of the video signal envelope is closed. The D-flip-flop 20 of the length of the log is set to one state at the third input by the start of frame pulse, which comes through the key 36 of the setup from the driver 7.

Thus, at the output of the D-flip-flop 20 of the log length, in the absence of an object, a high signal level is present in the measurement area, allowing the pulse of the recording area generator 12 to pass through the reset key 25 to the reset input of the first counter 8. The second pulse counter 9 records the state of the first counter 8 pulses on the signal of the imaging unit 12 of the recording zone, arriving at the recording control input of the second counter 9 pulses. Thus, the counters 8 and 9 of the pulses are in the zero state.

The traverse 41 of the sorting conveyor 31 enters the measurement zone. The image of the traverse 41 is projected by the lens 2 onto the photoelectric converter 3 and outputted as pulsed signals. These signals are amplified by an amplifier 4, passed through a comparator 5 to the input of a D-flip-flop 18 of the video signal. The latter opens the keys of the filling pulses 16 and the envelope 17 of the video signal. The signal from the key 17 in. the counting zone sets the counter 32 dark sections of the video signal to state 1 and the output of the D-flip-flop 19 for the presence of a log to a high level. The leading edge of the D-flip-flop signal 19 of the presence of a log through the key 37 of transmitted frames sets the counter 38 of transmitted frames to state 1. Element OR

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39, when a high level is detected at any of the outputs of the counter 38, permits the passage of pulses from the pulse displacement sensor 26 to the counter 27 of the length of the log.

The filling pulses pass from the output of the clock generator 10 through the key of the filling pulses to the inputs of the And 22 and 23 elements and the key 24. The Inhibit key 24 and the And 23 element are closed with a low signal level with the reverse transfer output of the second counter 9 of pulses, since it is at zero condition. During the counting zone, the filling pulses pass through the AND 22 element to the first counter of 8 pulses in the addition mode. At the beginning of the second frame after the traverse 41 enters the measurement zone, a high level at the output of the D-flip-flop 19 having a log prohibits the passage of frame-start pulses through the key 36 from the generator 7 to the installation of the D-flip-flop 20 of the log length through the third input and resetting the counter 38 of the skip frames through the second entrance. The decoder 33 of the envelope with the state 1 of the counter 32 dark sections allows the passage of the beginning of the frame through the second key 35 of the envelope analysis to the second input of the D-flip-flop 20 log lengths. However, the low level of the third output of the counter 38 transmitted frames, received at the first input of the D-flip-flop 20 of the length of the log, prohibits resetting this flip-flop by a clock pulse of the key 35.

During the recording zone of the second frame, the signal from the imaging unit 12 of the recording zone resets the D-flip-flop 19 for the presence of a log and the counter of 32 dark sections to the second inputs. The signal from the imaging unit 12, which also arrives at the control input of the record, the second pulse counter 9 rewrites the state of the first counter of 8 pulses. By the same signal passing through the key 25, the first counter 8 is reset. The appearance of information in the second counter 9 sets a high level at its reverse transfer output. During the counting zone, the filling pulses are passed to the input of the inhibitor key 24 and are read by the second counter 9 in the subtraction mode.

Work in the third frame is similar to work in the second. During these three frames, the traverse 41 of the conveyor 31 is taken out of the measurement zone.

During the recording zone of the fourth frame, the state and the first counter 8 are overwritten into the second Chick 9 account, the first counter 8 is reset, the 32 dark sections Counter, D-three hera 19 of the presence of the log. In the counting zone, the Ii-trigger 19 for the presence of the log and the counter 32 remain in the reset state.

The impulse of the driver 7 of the beginning of the adra in the fifth frame through the key 36 Resets the counter 38 of the adres passed. The zero state of all its outputs through the element OR 32 resets the counter 28 of the length of the log. Thus, the recording of information about the length of the traverse 41 in the data recording unit 29 does not occur. In this case, a description of the operation of the device

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remains in the reset state until the log leaves the measurement zone. If in the fourth frame in the measurement zone there is a section of a log with a crack or undressed, then at the end of the counting zone of this frame, the counter 32 dark areas is set to a state other than 1.

The decoder envelope 33 low level output signal prevents the passage of the pulse shaper 7 beginning of the frame through the second key 35 analysis of the envelope to the second input of the D-trigger 20 of the length of the log. In this case, the D-flip-flop 20 of the length of the log remains in state 1 until the part of the log with one stem is in the measurement zone. During the recording area of the fifth frame, the D-flip-flop 19 of the log is reset, the counter 32 of the dark envelope sections and the state of the first counter 3 are rewritten into the second

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with | conveyors with conveyors that have a thickness of 25 counters 9. Low output level D-traverse is such that in order to be trimmed from traverses, it is necessary to exclude three frames from the logical processing. When measuring on conveyors with a different thickness of the cross member, depending on the thickness, it is necessary to use another output of the frame transmission indicator 38. A log enters the measurement area. During the first three frames, as well as during the frame start pulse and the fourth frame recording zone, the device operates in the same way as when traversing the beam without a log.

In the fourth frame, during the zone of the Accounts, the D-flip-flop 19 of the log is set to one and thereby sets a high signal at the third output from the transducer 38 of the transmitted frames, which goes to the first input D-tpnrrepa of the length of the log 20 and blocks further passage pulses through the key 37 of transmitted frames to the Counting input of the counter 38 "During the counting zone, the filling pulses pass from the output of the key 16 through the AND 22 element and are counted in the addition mode by the first counter of 8 pulses.

The impulse of the imager 7 of the frame start in the fifth frame passes through the second key 35 of the envelope analysis, the second input of the D-flip-flop 20 of the log length, thereby permitting the reset of the D-flip-flop 20. D-flip-flop 20 of the log length

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trigger 20 prohibits reset of counter 8.

During the counting zone, the filling pulses are passed to the input of the inhibitor key 24 and are read by the second counter 9 in the subtraction mode. If the diameter measured in the fifth frame is larger, then the second counter 9 zeroes out and closes the inhibit key 24 and the element 23. And if the second diameter is smaller than the previous one, then at the end of the counting zone in the second counter 9 there remains the difference in the measured diameters . This difference is counted by counters 8 and 9 pulses in the subtraction mode by pulses received through the AND 23 element and the prohibition key 24 during the subtraction zone. After the second pulse counter 9 has zeroed, it closes the inhibit key 24 and the AND element 23 with a signal from the reverse transfer output. As a result, a smaller diameter is stored in the first pulse counter 8. The process of writing to the second counter 9 pulses, subtracting from it and subtracting 8 pulses from the first counter is repeated until a log section with a split trunk appears in the measurement zone, or the log leaves the measurement zone of the device.

Suppose that in one of the frames a section of a log with an extended peak appears. At the end of the account zone this

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5 counter 9. Low output level D-

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trigger 20 prohibits reset of counter 8.

During the counting zone, the filling pulses are passed to the input of the inhibitor key 24 and are read by the second counter 9 in the subtraction mode. If the diameter measured in the fifth frame is larger, then the second counter 9 nulls and closes the inhibiting key 24 and the element 23. If the second diameter is smaller than the previous one, then at the end of the counting zone, the second counter 9 remains the difference in the measured diameters. This difference is counted by counters 8 and 9 pulses in the subtraction mode by pulses received through the AND 23 element and the prohibition key 24 during the subtraction zone. After the second pulse counter 9 has zeroed, it closes the inhibit key 24 and the AND element 23 with a signal from the reverse transfer output. As a result, a smaller diameter is stored in the first pulse counter 8. The process of writing to the second counter 9 pulses, subtracting from it and subtracting 8 pulses from the first counter is repeated until a log section with a split trunk appears in the measurement zone, or the log leaves the measurement zone of the device.

Suppose, in one of the frames, a section of a log with a distant peak appears. At the end of the counting zone of this frame, the dark section counter 32 is set to state 2. In any counter state of 32 dark sections, except state 1, the bend decoder 33 closes in the subtraction zone the first envelope analysis key 34 and thus prohibits the passage of pulses filling through the element And 23 on the subtracting input of the first counter of 8 pulses. Thus, the first counter 8 maintains the diameter measured previously. Let the visor or knot in the measurement zone be in accordance with the Vits. At the end of the counting zone, in the second pulse counter 9, the difference between the minimum log diameter measured previously and the peak or knot diameter is recorded. If this difference is greater than or equal to the value determined by connecting the difference decoder 40, then the low level decoder 40 prohibits the passage of the filling pulses through the key 23 to the subtracting input of the first counter 8 pulses in the subtraction zone. Thus, in the first counter 8, the minimum diameter of the log remains, and not the diameter of the visor. During the first frame after the outgoing log, the log from the measurement zone D-flip-flop 19 is not set to 1, since the key 17 of the video signal envelope is closed by the D-flip-flop of the video signal during the counting zone, and the D-flip-flop 20 of the log length is in discarded condition. During the monitoring zone, the state of the first pulse counter 8 and the log length counter 28 are recorded, which, during the presence of the log in the measuring zone of the device, counts the sensor pulses 26, to the block 29 for recording the length and minimum diameter of the log.

During the second frame, the low-level at the output of the D-flip-flop 19 allows, via the key 35, to set the D-flip-flop 20 to one state of the pulse shaper 7 of the beginning of the frame. The single state of the D-flip-flop allows the reset of counters 8, 9, 37 and 28. The device is ready for the next measurement. Block 29 stores information about - the length and minimum diameter of a log 30 until it contains information about the next log,

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Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for measuring the geometrical parameters of moving logs, containing an optically coupled light source, a lens and a photoelectric converter, successively connected an amplifier, whose input is connected to the output of the photoelectric converter, and a comparator, a frame former, a pulse former of the frame, a clock generator, the first and second counters, the shaper of time zones, consisting of the formers of recording, counting, monitoring and execution, the trigger of the envelope of the video signal, logs, log length trigger, fill pulse key, video signal envelope key, prohibition key, reset key, length pulse key, first, second and third elements AND, pulse displacement sensor, log length counter, length and minimum diameter recording unit, input the frame former is connected to the clock generator output, the photoelectric converter input, the second input of the video signal envelope and the second input of the fill pulse key, the comparator output is connected to the first input of the trigger ogi video signal, the first output of the imaging unit is connected to the input of the imaging unit and the first input of the imaging unit, the second, third and fourth outputs are connected respectively to the first inputs of the control, counting and recording drivers, the output of the imaging unit of the frame start is connected to the second input of the recording imager, the output of which is connected to the first input of the trigger for the presence of a log, the first input of the reset key, the control input of the second counter and the second input of the counting generator, the output of which is with the second input of the second element And the first input of the key of the video signal envelope and the second input of the control generator, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first element And the second input of the subtractor, the output of the trigger of the video envelope of the video signal and the first input of the key of the pulses filling, the output of which is connected to the first inputs of the second and third elements AND and the first input of the prohibition key, the output of the key of the video signal envelope is connected to the second input of the trigger logs, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first element And, the output of the trigger of the length of the log is connected to the third inputs of the first and second elements And the second input of the reset key, the output of which is connected to the reset input of the first counter, the summing and subtracting inputs of which are connected respectively with the outputs of the second and third elements And, the output is connected to the input of the second counter recording and the first input of the data recording unit, the subtracting input of the second counter (the key is connected to the output of the prohibition key, the output of the reverse the nose is connected to the second input of the prohibition key and the third input of the third element I, the output of the pulse motion sensor is connected to the second input of the key of the length log pulses, the output of which is connected to the first input of the log length counter, the second input of the data recording unit is connected to the output of the log length counter, the third input - with the output of the first element I, characterized by the fact that, in order to increase the measurement accuracy, it is equipped with a counter of the dark sections of the video signal envelope, a decoder for the envelope, the first and second keys of the en Lisa envelope setting key, the key frames to skip, skip counter kad0 a ditch, an OR element and a difference decoder, the input of which is connected to the output of the second counter, the output is connected to the fourth input of the third AND element, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first key of the envelope analysis, the first input of which is connected to the output of the imager subtraction, the second input is connected to the output of the envelope decoder and the first input of the second key of the envelope analysis, the input of the decoder is connected to the output of the dark sections counter 5 of the video signal envelope, the summing input of which is connected to the output of the key of the envelope of the video signal, the reset input is connected to the output of the recording driver, the second input of the second key of the envelope analysis is connected to the output of the frame start pulse former and the first input of the installation key, the output is connected to the second input of the log length trigger, the first input of which is connected to the first input of the transmitted frames key and one of the outputs of the transmitted frames counter, the third input is connected to the reset input of the transmitted frames counter and the output the installation key, the second input of which is connected to the trigger output of the presence of the log and the second input of the key of the transmitted frames, the output of which is connected to the summing input of the counter of the passed frames, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the OR element, the output of which is connected to the first input of the key of the length log pulses and the second the input of the log length log. five 0 five