SU1527251A1 - Method of producing cotton-seed oil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the oil and fat industry and relates to the production of cottonseed oil. The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the oil by reducing the acid number and the most complete inactivation of free gossypol. Cotton seeds are crushed, the obtained mung is treated with an aqueous solution of soda ash, the latter is affected by a constant electromagnetic field of 0.4-2.8 (A / m) before this treatment ^{. H.} 10 ⁵ , then moisture heat treatment and inactivation of gossypol are carried out by treatment with an aqueous solution of calcium chloride, and then pressed. 4 tab.

Description

The invention relates to the oil and fat industry and relates to the production of cottonseed oils.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the oil by reducing the acid number and the most complete inactivation of free gossypol.

Example I. Cotton seeds are crushed, crushed cotton seeds (m weave) with a moisture content of 8.1% acid number of oil per millimeter, equal to 14.0 kg KOH, black oil color in mica 74-76 kr.ed. at 35 yellow in the I cm layer, the gossypol content in the oil is 0.80% and the 0.025% oil cake is treated before the moisture-heat treatment (ie, not in the steam-humidifying screw) with a 15% solution of soda ash the amount required for the determination of gossypoly from the composition of oil and oil cake and neutralize free fatty acids, with a corresponding decrease in the acid number of press oil by 4.0 kg KOH under optimal reaction conditions (temperature of soda ash solution is 80-85 ° C, humidity m 9.0-10.5%) and vigorous stirring. The duration of the contact with the soda ash solution does not exceed 12 minutes. In this process, the acid number of the oil in the mill is reduced and gossypol is bound to soda ash by the reaction to form gossypsolate sodium insoluble in oil.

Then, mcc is additionally treated with calcium chloride solution in the frying process in an amount necessary for the exchange reaction between calcium chloride and gossSP

to

 1C

cl

sodium polate, as well as sodium salts of fatty acids with the formation of gossypolate calcium and calcium salts of fatty acids (calcium soaps)

The concentration of soda ash and calcium chloride solutions is taken such that, with an intensive reaction, the total amount of moisture (both the introduced and the moisture of the seeds themselves) does not exceed 9.0-10.5% and does not violate the frying and pressing modes. In the example, a 10% calcium chloride solution is used to treat sodium gossypolate and sodium salts of fatty acids (sodium moths), the amount of which is 1.0-1.5% by weight of batch, and then pressed.

In order to improve the quality of the oil by minimizing the content of gossypol and reducing the acid number before supplying the soda ash solution before moisture-heat treatment, it is pre-treated in a constant electromagnetic field. For these purposes, an apparatus for electromagnetic treatment of solutions with a magnetic field strength within 0.4 is installed on the solution supply lines. 2.8 (A / m) .N.10.

In order to obtain comparative results, the production of cottonseed oil is carried out under strictly identical process conditions without and with preliminary treatment of the solution in an electromagnetic field. In all cases, the processing time of the solution in the electromagnetic field was constant and did not change during the experiments under various conditions of the process.

Comparative indicators of the quality of the obtained black oil and oilcakes by the known and proposed methods are given in table. 1 and 2.

As can be seen from the data presented in Tables 1 and 2, the production of cottonseed oil with pretreatment of the solution in the electromagnetic field is carried out with a maximum decrease in the gossypol content and acid number, which leads to an improvement in the quality of the oil obtained in comparison with the known method. This does not impair the quality and taste of the obtained cake, but positively affects their feeding value. In addition, the processing of oily material

eliminates the process of denaturation of protein substances and pours up the feeding values of the cake.

In order to study the effect of the magnetic field voltage on the reduction of the gossypol content and the acid number in the resulting black cottonseed oil, the experiments were carried out in conditions that are identical with the known method. To compare various methods of producing cottonseed oil, research has also been carried out without pretreatment of solutions of soda ash in an electromagnetic field. The obtained data are presented in table 3.

As can be seen from the data of Table 3, the improvement in the quality of cotton oil obtained proceeds with a preliminary o6pia6oTKe solution in an electromagnetic field with a magnetic field voltage in the range of 0.4-2.8 (A / m) -NU. The processing mechanism of calcined soda solution is as follows.

Due to the electromagnetic field, taking into account the high polarity of the water, the following reaction occurs

Na CO NgO 2NaOH + t magnet.

5 + RCOOH NaOH

RCOONa + FjO

The reactivity of caustic soda (NaOH) is much higher than 0 with soda ash (NajCO,),

 NaOH Na2C03.

This allows, in the end, to improve the quality of the mass when processing raw materials, i.e. in the processing of oil-containing sf containing gossypol in it 0.80% and free fatty acids (acid number) 14.0 mg KOH with identical technological

In the Q modes, the quality is improved by reducing the gossypol content to 0.07 and the acid value to 4.0 mg KOH as compared with the known method of 0.38% and 7.5 mg KOH, respectively.

In addition, the carbon dioxide (CO) formed also brightens the oil, thereby improving the quality.

Data confirming the materiality of the electromagnetic field intensity is given in Table 4.

From Table 4 it can be seen that when the value is lower or higher than 0.4-2.8 (AUm) H.0, the acid number of the oil increases (which negatively affects the quality of the oil), and the content of gossypol does not decrease.

Claims (1)

Thus, the invention will improve the quality of the cotton oil. Invention Formula The method of obtaining cottonseed oil includes grinding seeds, treating the pulp with an aqueous solution of soda ash, moisture thermal treatment, inactivation of gossypol by treatment with calcium chloride aqueous solution and pressing, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the oil by reducing the acid number and the most complete inactivation of free gossypol, before treatment of the oil soda ash is affected by a constant electromagnetic field with a strength of 0.4-2.8 (A / m) H-10. Quantitative indicators Acid number of oil in m tk.m.GON KON Color of black oil in mte, cr. with 35 yellow in 1 cm layer Gossypol content in oil,% “10 Gossypol content in oil cake, Z Content of nitrogen-protein,% per absolutely dry substance Content of calcium salts of fatty acids in oil cake, g / kg Consumption of soda ash solution (in terms of dry substance) during milling treatment, kg / ton of oil. Calcium chloride solution consumption (in terms of dry substance) in milling treatment, kg / t. Table 1 Processing method Famous Offered at 1.6 (A / m) "H.10 12-14 5.1-7.53.0-4.0 74-76 29-3425-30 0.78-0.80 0.12-0.380.07-0.10 0,023-0,025 0,012-0,0170,009-0,010 8.01 / 50.0 8.83 / 55.28.90 / 56.1 35-6040-70 6-8 4-6 5-6 3-4 8.6 12.0 14.0 8.0 12.0 14.0 Table 4 0.029 0.033 0.036 0.007 0.006 0.010