SU1521439A1 - Method of processing vegetal raw material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the food industry, namely electroplasmolysis. The aim of the invention is to increase the yield and quality of the product. The method consists in electrotreatment of crushed vegetable raw materials compacted to a density of 600-1,100 kg / m ³ , with a specific power consumption of 0.2-2.4 W / kg.h.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the food industry, namely electroplasmolysis.

The aim of the invention is to increase the yield and quality of the product.

The raw material after grinding is compacted to a density of 600-1,100 kg / m, and the treatment with electric current is carried out at a specific power consumption of 0.2-2.4 W / kg-h.

The mass concentration of the raw material in the electrotreatment zone is adjusted (the ratio of the mass of the raw material located in the treatment zone to the volume of the treatment zone) to such a size that a reliable electrical contact is created between the electrodes and the raw material.

Monitoring of the mass concentration of the raw material in the electric treatment zone is carried out by measuring the consumption of the raw material and determining its ratio to the volume of the electric treatment zone, changing the mass concentration by changing the value of the raw material consumption.

The specific energy consumption for the electric treatment process is monitored by measuring with the aid of a wattmeter the magnitude of the electric power consumption and determining the ratio of the value obtained to the value of the raw material consumption per unit of time. The value of specific energy consumption for the process

Electrical treatments are varied by varying the amount of raw material consumption and the amount of electrical voltage at the electrodes.

It has been found that with low mass concentrations of raw materials (600 kg / m) it is impossible to achieve complete electrical treatment, since with an increase in processing time to ensure complete plasmolysis of raw materials in places with poor contact in places with better contact, plasmolysis ends much faster undesirable boiling processes, up to burning, which leads to the electroplasmolysis unit being out of service, a sharp increase in power consumption (more than 2.4 W / kg-h) and a decrease in the efficiency of essa.

With a power consumption of less than 0.2 W / kg-h, the processing efficiency is low, since the supply of energy is insufficient for the electroplasmolysis process. In the case of an increase in the consumption of energy supplied above

2.4 W / kg-h there is a significant loss due to an increase in the temperature of the raw material. When the concentration of the raw material in the electrical treatment zone increases to 1100 kg / m, the power consumption for the process decreases

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Electrical processing. A further increase in the mass concentration does not change the power consumption for heating, since at a mass concentration of 1100 kg / m, full contact between the particles of the ground mass is already ensured. Therefore, the range of concentration of the crushed mass of raw materials in the electrotreatment zone is selected 600-1,100 kg / m. At the same time, the electric power consumption for the electric treatment process at the intensity of the electric field and the P. of the pulse current, respectively, is 20-500 V / cm and 0.01-0.5 A / cm varies from 0.2 to 2.4 W / kg h

Experimental studies have established that processing raw materials in the above modes provides an increase in juice yield from fruit and root crops, reducing sugar losses and improving the quality of diffusion juice in sugar production, increasing tomato paste yield and speeding up the process of evaporation of tomato pulp during tomato processing. .

Example 1. Sugar beets are ground into chips. The obtained chips without compaction are transferred at a mass concentration of 250 kg / m and a temperature of 18 ° C, while simultaneously undergoing electrotreatment at an electric field strength of 50 V / cm and a pulse current density of 0.06 A / cm.

In the process of electrical processing, local boiling of the juice took place, and in some places there was burning of chips.

After electrotreatment, the chips undergo countercurrent diffusion at 65 ° C. As a result, the quality of the juice reaches 85 units, the loss in pulp decreases by 0.1%, the unaccounted sugar losses in the diffusion apparatus due to a decrease in acid production decrease by 0.05%. The specific energy consumption for the process of o6pa6otKH is 5.8 W / kg-h.

Example 2. Sugar beets are crushed into chips, which are gradually compacted to a mass concentration of 600 kg / m at a temperature of 17 ° C, while simultaneously subjected to electrotreatment with an electric field strength of 150 V / cm and a pulse current density of 0.1 A / cm. In the process of electrical treatment, local boiling processes take place. After electrotreatment, the chips undergo countercurrent diffusion at 60 ° C.

As a result, the goodness of the juice

reaches 86 units, sugar loss in pulp decreases

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they lose 0.1%; unaccounted sugar losses in the diffusion apparatus due to a decrease in acid formation are reduced by 0.07%. The specific energy consumption is 2.4 W / kg-h.

Example 3. Sugar beets are crushed into chips, which are gradually compacted to a mass concentration of 1100 kg / m at a temperature of 17 ° C, while simultaneously subjected to electrotreatment at a pulse current density of 0.1 A / cm and an electric field strength of 500 V / cm. After electrotreatment, the chips undergo countercurrent diffusion at 60 ° C.

As a result, the purity of the juice reaches 88 units, the sugar loss in the pulp decreases by 0.1%, the unaccounted sugar losses in the diffusion apparatus due to a decrease in acid production decrease by 0.09%. The specific energy consumption is 0.8 W / kg-h.

Example 4. Apples are crushed into pulp, which, at a mass concentration of 600 kg / m and a temperature of 17 ° C, is simultaneously subjected to electrical treatment at a voltage of electrical energy

100 V / cm and current density of 0.05 A / cm.

In the process of processing there was a local boiling up of juice.

After electromachining, the pulp is pressed. 30 As a result, the juice yield increased by 3.5%. The specific energy consumption is 0.9 W / kg-h.

Example 5. Apples are ground into pulp, which, at a mass concentration of 1100 kg / m and a temperature of 17 ° C, is simultaneously subjected to electrical treatment with a field strength of 100 V / cm and a current density of 0.05 A / cm. After electromachining, the pulp is pressed. As a result, the juice yield rises by 4%. The specific energy consumption is 0.2 W / kg-h.

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Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of processing vegetable raw materials, including its grinding with subsequent treatment by electric current, is different because, in order to increase the yield and quality of the product, the raw material after grinding is compacted to a density of 600-1100 kg / m The treatment is carried out at a specific power consumption of 0.2-