SU1513148A1 - Earthquake-proof tunnel lining - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to tunnel linings in earthquake-prone areas. The purpose of the invention is to increase the carrying capacity of the lining. It consists of inner 1 and outer 2 layers with the formation of an air gap 3 between them and protrusions 10 on layer 1. Layer 2 is made of host rocks 4, in which anchors (A) 5 are placed with protruding ends that are elastically joined with layer 1. The latter is made with channels 6. At the intersection of A 5 with a gap of 3 A, 5 are hollow and perforated. To form layer 2 after excavating an underground mine, an array is secured with A 5 and, if necessary, a concrete coating is produced. After stabilization of the rock pressure, the surface of the lining facing the direction of excavation is coated with a repulsive property in relation to the concrete of layer 1. At certain points of layer 2, part of the coating is removed and concrete layer 1 is formed. The concrete mixture forms protrusions 10 that serve as contact points points of joint operation of layers 1 and 2 for compression, at the same time ensuring the sealing of the ends of A 5 placed in channels 6. The perforated portions of a 5 provide the necessary temperature regime in layer 2. 1 Cp. f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

31513

an array is secured with A 5 and, if necessary, a concrete coating is produced. After stabilization of the rock pressure, a coating with a repulsive property in relation to the concrete of layer 1 is applied to the surface of the lining facing the mine. At certain points in layer 2, part of the coating is removed and concrete

layer 1 is laid down. The concrete mix forms protrusions 10, which serve as contact points for compressing layers 1 and 2, while simultaneously embedding koits A 5, placed in channels 6, and perforated sections 5 provide the required temperature in layer 2. 1 3.p . f-ly, 2 silt,

This invention relates to scrapping: m tunnels, in earthquake-prone areas.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the carrying capacity of the lining.

Figure 1 shows the lining, a general view; Fig. 2 shows a fragment of the joint of the hollow anchor with the outer and inner lining layers.

The earthquake-resistant tunnel lining consists of the inner 1 and outer 2 layers with an air gap 3 formed between them, while the outer layer 2 is made of rock surrounding the tunnel 4, fixed by anchors 5, and the inner layer 1 is filled with channels 6. The 2 ends of the anchors are placed without adhesion in the channels 6 of the inner layer 1 and are connected to it with the help of supple elastic supporting devices 7. The anchors 5 are made in the form of 3 tubular elements that are hollow perforated at the intersection of their air gap. they interact with the rock 4, and the internal cavity communicates through the holes 8 with the air medium filling the internal volume of the gap 3 between the layers of the tunnel lining. An insulating tube 9 with perforations at the location of the air gap 3 is placed between the layer and the end of the anchor.

: The construction of a two-layer seismic-resistant tunnel lining is as follows.

 To form the outer layer 2- after the excavation of the underground excavation, an array is secured by means of anchors 5 and, if necessary, a concrete coating is produced. Each reinforcing element 5 is fixed rock. 1.2-1.7 m of roof area or 2., 0-2.25 m of the area of the sides of generation

As the development progresses, rock pressure develops, which is perceived by the outer lining 2. After stabilization of the rock pressure, a separating coating is applied to the surface of the lining facing the direction of excavation, which, after application, has a repulsive property with respect to the concrete of the inner layer of lining 1.

Before erecting the inner lining layer 1, insulating tubes 9 are installed on the free ends of the anchors 5, put on a supple elastic support device 7 against the end of the tube 9 and secure it with the anchor support part 5.

Thereafter, at certain points on the surface of the outer layer 2 of the lining covered with a separating composition, part of the coating is removed and the inner layer 1 of the lining is concreted. At the same time, the concrete mix penetrates into the grooves or holes (on the bottom of the coating) and forms protrusions 10, which serve as contact points for ensuring the joint operation of both layers of the lining for compression while simultaneously sealing the protruding ends of the anchors 5 placed in the channels 6 of the inner layer lining. At the same time, a part of the anchors 5, made in the form of hollow perforated tubular elements, connected by their openings with an air gap 3 between the lining layers, ensures the required temperature mode of the outer lining layer 2.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula one . Earthquake-resistant tunnel lining, consisting of inner and outer layers placed relative to each other with a gap formed by protrusions on the inner layer, characterized in that, in order to increase the bearing capacity of the lining, placed anchors with protruding ends from it, and the inner layer you 31A86 filled with channels, with the protruding ends of the anchors elastic-foldable, connected to the inner lining layer .I 2. Finishing of pop. 1, which differs from the fact that the anchors are hollow and perforated at the intersection with the gap. (rig.g.