SU1507871A1 - Electrolyzer for producing sodium hypochloride - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to electrochemical technology. In order to increase the reliability of operation in the electrolyzer, which includes a case, end monopolar and bipolar electrodes with anodic and cathodic elements and straightening pins placed between them, the electrodes are made in the form of combs and straightening pins placed at the junction of each comb bipolar electrode. 5 il.

Description

 The invention REFERENCES to electrochemical technology, in particular to a constructive implementation, of electrolyzers intended for the electrolysis of seawater for the production of oxygen-containing compounds and can also be used in installations for disinfecting seawater in swimming pools and process water for fish processing, as well as for electrolysis alkali chloride solutions.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the operation of the cell by preventing the deposition of salts. Figure 1 shows schematically the overall arrangement of the electrolyzer; FIG. 2 shows a section of the Hvid electrolyzer from above: a longitudinal section; on., fig.Z - the same, cross section; 4 and 5 are packages of bipolar plastic electrodes and their attachment to side insulating plates (fragments).,

The electrolyzer consists of two sections 1 having one common anode monopolar set 2 and two cathode monopolar sets 3, as well as supply and discharge connections 4 (the direction of electrolyte flow is not regulated). Assembly of sections in

 the unified structure is made with bolted connections 5.

Each section 1 contains a metal box-shaped body 6, lined from inside by a dielectric 7, a bipolar set 8 is inserted inside the body, consisting of bipolar plate electrodes 9 assembled into combs in the form of combs using tension pins 10 and spacers sleeves 11 and fixed in insulating

plates (wall) 12. Terminal monopolar cathodes 13 and anodes 14, OK) d

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fastened with similar jumpers in current leads, form, respectively, the cathode 3 and the anode 2 monopolar sets. The mentioned complexes 2 and 3 together with the pipes 4, through the gaskets 15, rigidly fix the position of the bipolar set 8 inside the section 1 by means of bolted connections 5 (figure 1).

Depending on the required performance of active chlorine in different sizes of the electrolyzer, the number of plate electrodes 9 in the combs is different (figure 4 and 5). Then the side insulation plates 12 have a different thickness to maintain a constant flow rate of the electrolyte. At the same time, the tie-rods 10 have the same length for all the embodiments, and the required inter-electrode distance is provided with the help of spacer spacers 11. The stiffness of the bipolar array 8 is ensured by squeezing the nuts 16 recessed into the body of the lateral insulating plates 12.

Seawater is pumped through the electrolyzer and the voltage is supplied from the direct current source to the terminal monopolar sets of electrodes. On the anode surfaces, a solution of active chlorine, mainly sodium hypochlorite, is formed, which is fed to the consumer through the outlet. The cathode sediment formed on the surface of the cathodes is carried away by the high-speed flow of electrolyte. Due to the fact that the jumpers in the electrode packages are located outside the zones. electrode reactions, the formation of a cathode deposit on these bridges practically does not occur. The hydraulic resistance of the electrolyzer in the process of operation increases slightly.

The proposed electrolyzer compared with the known has the following advantages.

Plate electrodes are assembled into packages in the form of combs with at least two metal jumpers, CONSTITUENTS of tension rods and spacer sleeves, which ensures sufficient rigidity of the structure and mechanical strength, and, consequently, increases in operational reliability in ship conditions. In addition, parallelism of plate electrodes is ensured, their skews are eliminated, and repairs are made easier as the structure is collapsible and allows for easy replacement of any dead electrode (therefore, the use of a welded package assembly is not recommended).

Metal jumpers, i.e. Constrictor studs, which are used for assembling and fixing electrode packages in the insulator, are located outside the areas of electrode processes, i.e. in the transition zones of the bipolar electrodes, which prevents the contact of the cathode polarized parts of the electrodes with the dielectric and prevents the accumulation of cathode sediment. The flow rate of the fluid (up to 1.5 m / s) provides the cathode deposit from the interelectrode space. This increases the operational reliability of the electrolyzer and simplifies maintenance, as the need for acid is eliminated.

The bipolar electrode packages were assembled using side insulating plates into a single set, which simplifies the maintenance of the electrolyzer, since it makes it possible to easily replace this unit during operation without long stops.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula An electrolyzer for obtaining sodium hypochlorite by electrolysis of seawater comprising a housing, terminal monopolar electrodes and bipolar electrodes placed between them with anodic and cathodic elements interconnected, and tension studs, characterized in that by preventing salt deposition, the electrodes are made in the form of combs, and the studs are placed at the junction of the anode and cathode elements of each comb bipolar electrode. + . .p in IU , p. | . I. „. J Is; LI; iJ -j lj VLstJeiS iiufiiiii ...- Vi. .- ". . : -. .v. 4th (... .iiL. 4 4 - Fi2.3 9g.1 Fi.2 . ". -8 L 7 -P ll Fy physical five