SU1505557A1 - Arrangement for descending - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to means for lowering people and goods from high-altitude objects and allows increasing the safety of the speed of descent by changing the moment of inertia as the weight of the load changes. The device comprises a housing 1, on the shaft 2 of which is placed a disk and a bell-shaped coil 4 with a supporting element 5, one end of which contains a load gripping device 6 and the other is fixed in an opening 17 made as part of the surface of an open torus, the fixing device of the braking device profiled movable and fixed bushings with spring-loaded clamps placed on the shaft, and the braking device is made in the form of cylinders installed with the possibility of longitudinal movement 13. Disk 1 z.p.f BACKGROUND 8 yl.

Description

2tt

This invention relates to means for lowering people and goods from high-altitude objects.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the safety of the speed of descent by changing the moment of inertia when the weight of the load changes.

Figure 1 shows the device, a general view; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1; figure 3 - spring-loaded latch; figure 4 - section bb in figure 1; figure 5 - section bb In figure 4; 6 shows the position of the disc of the braking mechanism after switching; 7 - the same, after fixation, in FIG. 8 is a chart of the speed of descent.

The device for lowering comprises a housing 1 with a shaft 2 on which a disk 3 and a coil 4 with a carrier element 5 and a load gripping means 6 are placed at one, from its ends, a braking mechanism which has a locking means made in the form of two profiled sleeves 7 and 8 one of which has a groove and is fixed on the shaft, and the other is installed in the groove, with the cylinders 9 and 10 spanning the profiled sleeves with the ability to interact with the profiled surfaces of the sleeves, and one of the cylinders covering the profiled tulle with a groove, attached to the coil and interacts with spring-loaded springs 11 clamps 12 with the profiled surface of the sleeve, and the other cylinder covers the other profiled sleeve and attached to the body with the ability to interact with the profiled surface of the sleeve, the disks 13 have annular grooves 14 and 15 that interact with the tool 16 fixings. The coil is bell-shaped, the bearing element is wound on it in one row, while the second end of the bearing element is fixed in the hole 17 of the disk.

In addition, in the device, disk 3 is rigidly coupled to the coil. The rope to the coil is fastened by means of slats and screws 1. The housing 1 is mounted on the base 19. The disks 13 are fixed to the cylinder by means of slots 20, there is an axial gap 21 between the cylinders, and the fixing means 16 are placed through the crackers 22 placed in it

the rod 23, which is fixed by the element 24. The bushings are interconnected by means of bearings 25 installed in the bore, the fixed sleeve 8 being connected by means of a plug 26 with the pins 27 to a manual fixing handle 28. The sleeve 8 is connected to the cylinder 10 by a key 29. The bell-shaped shape of the coil can be calculated depending on the weight of the load, the diameter of the rope, etc. according to the following mathematical system

equations:

qp

  l

4 I Q (H, C)) dip + A ,;

about .

A, PH, + j Q (q, q) dcfj

Q (Lp.tf) TRc - MCJ

25

(C-);

q)

27.x

where P is the force of the load;

g is the acceleration of free fall;

g is the coil radius at the point of the cable;

C - the angle of rotation of the coil;

(, - the angle of rotation of the coil when winding the rope from the first section, 1 - the moment of inertia of the flywheel masses;

RJ, M are the forces of resistance to the movement of the load and the coil (determined from design features),

and - the speed of movement of the load, - the speed of the uniform

load movement when winding the rope from the curved section of the coil;

X - the movement of the point of departure of the rope from the coil along the axis of the coil;

h is the diameter of the rope; And, - the work done by the load and the forces of resistance to movement when winding the rope from the first section of the coil}

five

And - the path of the cargo when winding the rope from the first section of the coil.

The device works as follows.

Depending on the weight of the descent load, the required moment of inertia is set. For this, the hand-hold handle 28 with the plug 26 and by means of the pins 27 the profiled sleeves 7 and 8 are moved to the left. The latter release the latches 12, which by the action of the springs 11 emerge from the inner annular grooves 15 of the discs 13. Then the rod 23 is moved to a predetermined position depending on the size of the load and fixed by the element 24, while through the crackers 22 the discs 13 move on cylinders 9 and 10 and can be in one of the positions (completely on the cylinder 9 or 10 or in the intermediate position - part on the cylinder 9, another on the cylinder 10). When the disks 13 are moved, the crackers 22 located in the annular grooves 14 are in contact with the latter. After this, the disks 13 are fixed on the cylinders: for this purpose, the handle 28 with the fork 26 is moved to the right and through the pins 27 the profiled sleeves 7 and 8, which move the locking devices 12 in the direction of the internal annular grooves 15 of the disks 13 that are displaced relative to the crackers 22 and fixed from the axial displacements by clamps 12 on cylinders 9 and 10. Gaps are formed between the crumbs 22 and the outer annular grooves of the disks 13.

When operating, a descentable object is connected to the load gripping device 6, as it descends, the carrier element 5 is coiled, causing the coil 4 of the disk 3 connected with it to rotate, as well as the disks 13 fixed to the cylinder 9. transits the potential energy of the descending load minus losses from the forces of resistance to the movement of the load and the coil. The diagram of change in the velocity U of the load is constructed and reduced to the length of the coil. Such a velocity diagram is obtained by varying the transfer ratio of the bearing of the carrier element to the centrifugal masses of the device when the change in the winding radius changes by one 035576

the mouth is a constant value that provides the conical shape of the coil.

The length of the first section of the coil 4 is determined from the condition that the speed reaches the limit value L, which for the curved section

The jQ generatrix of M coil 4 should remain constant. According to this condition, the change in the winding radius per revolution is variable and is determined by the concave curvilinear

5, an expression for which is found by solving a system of equations. The third section of the coil provides a slowdown in the fall of the load. When you touch the cargo land and the release of

20 devices 6 flyweight devices dispersed to maximum speed. Upon further rotation of the coil, the carrier element is wound onto it to its original state, the excess kinetic energy of the flywheel masses is absorbed by friction, and the device is ready for restarting.

thirty

The use of the proposed device will make it possible to increase the safety of the descent by changing the moment of inertia with different weights of descent.

35

Claims (2)

1. A device for lowering, comprising a housing with a shaft on which a disk and a coil with a carrier element and a load gripping means are placed at one of its ends, a brake mechanism, characterized in that, in order to increase the safety of the lowering speed by changing the moment of inertia at changing the mass of the load, the brake fur} 1ism has a means of fixation, made in the form of two profiled sleeves, one of which has a groove and is fixed on the shaft, and the other is installed in the groove, while the cylinders cover the profiled ulki to cooperate with the profiled surfaces of the sleeves, one ur cylinder sleeve covering the profiled groove, is attached to the spool and a spring-loaded detent interacts with a shaped surface 0 five bushings, and another cylinder covers another profiled sleeve and is attached to the housing with the possibility of interaction with the profiled surface of the sleeve, the disks have annular grooves, interacting with fixing means. I /eleven 2. Device PO.P.1, which is made up of the fact that the coil is made bell-shaped and the carrier element is placed on it in one row, while the other end of the carrier element is fixed in the hole of the disk. Phi2. 3 . In-In deployed ig, 5 B-in w FIG. 6 If 12 Fig.T ag.v