SU1502690A1 - Prefabricated dam - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to hydraulic engineering. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design of the dam and improve the manufacturability of its construction. All elements of the structure are made of the same type of trapezoidal blocks, which have two right angles, one acute angle equal to 45 °, and one obtuse angle equal to 135 °. The two sides of the trapezoidal block intersecting at a right angle are equal to each other, and the side of the block is twice as long as the side parallel to it. 4 il.

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic structures and can be used in the construction of dams and other supporting structures.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the design of the dam and improve the manufacturability of its construction.

Figure 1 shows the assembled dam of trapezoidal blocks, transverse profile; 2 is a diagram of a trapezoidal block with corresponding angles and dimensions, a cross section; FIG. 3 shows a trapezoidal block with anti-friction slots; figure 4 - node I in Fig "1 (with homogeneous junction of blocks of water surface) o

The body of the dam, its base, water plate, apron, foundation walls, bulls and various transitional areas are made of one type of trapezoidal 1 blocks with two right angles and with two equal sides intersecting at a right angle (Fig. .

Blocks 1 are stacked in horizontal rows with sequential alternation of inclined and vertical joints. On concrete base preparation 2 and on each of the following horizontal row blocks are laid on a layer of freshly prepared concrete, with small aggregate fractions, or on a layer of cement mortar.

The ratio of the sizes and angles of the block is such (Fig. 2) that, when they are closely fitted together, they form the body of the dam, vertical, inclined and other portions and parts of the structure. Block I has two equal sides a, a long side b 2a and an inclined side c, which forms an angle of 45 with side b. Increasing the angle cb over 45 °, while keeping the size a, gives a length, and the right inclined spillway will take the form of a broken line which is not convenient according to the conditions of the rides on

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Blocks of seams are installed along the length of the dam, they are laid in a profile in the profile (Fig. 1, weir face, side wall) or with the formation of inclined broken seams. Sloping broken seams are convenient when it is necessary to arrange impervious screens for them, for example, from monolithic

concrete 3 (plastic or polyethylene film A, which is laid in the seams between the blocks and discharged into the upper pool in the form of a bottom.

For the screening of monolithic concrete, the formwork is not needed, since its role is performed by concrete blocks installed at a certain distance from each other along the entire broken line. The distance is selected according to the anti-filtration effect and ease of work, for example, 20.40, 60, .o o see. At the base, the screen is matched with a veil or a shunt of 5 o

All trapezoidal blocks 1 can have grooves 6 of any convenient shape (figsZ). The two grooves of the adjacent blocks form vertical cavities, the filling of which with monolithic concrete prevents filtration in the vertical joints between the blocks and strengthens the laying of the dam as a whole. Grooves similar to grooves 6 can also be made from the thick ends of trapezoidal blocks with

The sharp angle of the trapezoidal block is best performed truncated (fig.)

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Claims (1)

that will ensure the strength of this angle from the chips during transportation and storage, in addition, in the body of the dam, on its surface, on the surface of water, etc. So the truncated angle forms a triangular cavity 7 (fig.D), which also improves the strength of the masonry “At the need to create greater strength of the masonry in the blocks is arranged; vertical apertures through which cement mortar is injected into the masonry joints. Through a system of such holes, the dam can be reinforced. Dp of reducing the volume of concrete in the body of the dam blocks can be performed with voids of various shapes while maintaining external contours. Invention Formula A composite dam containing blocks forming the faces of the dam and transition sections with a cross-section of a quadrangular shape with one inclined and two parallel sides, one of which is two times longer than the other parallel side, about the fact that, in order to simplify the structure of the dam and improving the processability of its erection, the blocks of all elements of the dam are made with two right angles, where the smaller parallel side is equal to the height of the block, and the larger parallel side forms with an inclined angle of 45 °. Fig.Z 1 .7. 7l V m; 0lJf.