SU1502106A1 - Automatic monitoring and controlling system for fodder grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the control and management of crushing and grinding machines. It can be used in the construction, mining and other industries. Allows to increase the accuracy of control and management. Contains crusher engine 1, discharge engines 3 and charging screws 5, feeder motor 7, load control motor 9, control unit 12, display device 13, Start command input device 14, Stop command input device 15, input device 16 commands "Grind grain and grind roughage", crusher loading sensor 17, crusher motor temperature sensor 18, crusher motor status sensor 19, unloading auger motor 20 sensor, unloading auger motor sensor 21, 22 engine state sensor driver feeder, sensor 23 of the working condition of the crusher, sensors 24 and 25 of the lower and upper levels of grain in the crusher's bunker, sensor 26 of the presence of metal objects in the feeder, sensor 27 of the upper position of the load regulator. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to devices designed to control and regulate the operation of crushing and grinding machines, and may not be used for controlling hammer crushers of feed.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of monitoring and control.

The drawing shows the block diagram of the control and management system of the feed crusher.

The system consists of an engine 1 crusher with starter 2, engine 3 unloading auger with start-up 4, bottom 5 loading auger with starter 6, engine 7 rough feeder with starter 5, engine 9 of the grain crusher control, electromagnetic clutch 10, sound alarms II, display control unit 12 of display 13, Start command input device 14, Stop command input device 15, command command grinding device 16 Grind grain and Grind coarse feed, crusher loading sensor 17, J8 sensor engine temperature - crusher and, the crusher motor condition sensor 19, the unloading auger motor 20 sensor, the loading auger motor 21 sensor, the auger loading motor 22 sensor, Rough feed bodies, the crusher operating state sensor 23, the upper grain level sensor 24 crusher bunker, sensor 25 of the lower level of grain in the crusher bunker, sensor 26 for the presence of metal objects in the roughage feeder, sensor 27 for the upper position of the regulator of the crusher loading with grain.

The system works as follows.

Having received the Start command from the device 14, the control unit 12, in accordance with the crusher control program recorded in its permanent memory, analyzes

sensor signal 23, checks ready

ness crusher to start.

When the crusher is started up, the electromagnetic clutch 10 is in the disconnected state and the load controller under its own weight is in its lowest position. At the same time, it completely blocks the feed channel) pнi to the crushing chamber and Ho iAfnii-gpu na pas sensor 23

0 5 0 j 0

five

0

.

What state crusher. If the grain supply channel does not completely overlap, the crushing chamber may be filled with grain and the crusher engine cannot be started. In this case, the sensor 12 sends a message to the display controller 13 and sends the message to the program start .

If the crusher is ready for start-up, the control unit 12 turns on for a predetermined time the pre-start sound alarm I1 and gives the command to turn on the motor 3 of the unloading auger. By analyzing the information from sensor 20, it checks whether the drive is turned on or not. If the drive is turned off, block 12 cancels the command to turn on the engine 3, turns on the buzzer 11, indicates the message the unloading auger starter has been activated and returns to the beginning of the program. If the engine 3 is turned on, the unit 12 switches the engine of the charging auger 5 on and off the signals of the sensors 24 and 25 of the grain level in the crusher's bunker.

Then block 12 gives the command to turn on the crushing drum electric motor 1 according to the star circuit and using the crusher loading sensor I7 monitors the current consumed by the electric motor 1, If the current is zero, then block 12 gives a command to turn off all motors, turns on the alarm 11, displays a message The crushing drum drive starter failed and returns to the beginning of the program. If motor 1 consumes current, then unit 12 starts counting the engine start time according to the star circuit, checks information received from sensor 18 of the engine temperature, and measures the current consumed by motor 1,

If a predetermined time has passed since the start of the start and the current consumed by the motor 1 did not begin to decrease, then block 12 gives a command to turn off all the motors, turns on an audible signal, issues the message Sustainable start and goes to the beginning of the program.

If the temperature sensor 18 informs the block 12 that the temperature of the motor winding 1 has exceeded the permissible temperature, then the block 12 immediately gives the command

51

to disconnect the motor motors, it displays the message Engine crushing of the crushing drum drive, turns on the buzzer and returns to the beginning of the program.

If the current consumed by the motor 1 begins to decrease before the specified time has elapsed and the motor does not overload during the starter start-up, block 12 gives a command to turn off the star circuit and checks the execution of this command by a signal from sensor 19. If engine 1 is not shut down, block 12 gives a command to shut off all engines, turns on an audible signal, issues a message. The crushing drum drive starter does not work and returns to the beginning of the program. If engine I is turned off, block 12 gives a command to turn on engine I in a triangle pattern and, analyzing the signal from sensor 19, checks the execution of this command. If the command is not executed, then block 12 performs the same as if the command to disable the star circuit is not executed.

If the command to turn on the triangle is executed, block 12 waits until engine I accelerates to its rated speed. During this wait and all subsequent x time delays, unit 12 analyzes information received from sensors 19 and 20 and sensor 18 of the temperature of the engine I of the crushing drum. If the crusher drum motor 1 or the unloading auger motor 3 is turned off, or if the crusher drum motor 1 is overheated, block 12 gives a command to turn off all the motors, sound the buzzer, issue a corresponding information message, and return to the beginning of the program.

If the sensors indicate the normal operation of the crusher and the specified time has passed, then block 12 analyzes the information coming from the device 16 for entering the commands Grind grain and Grind coarse feed. If the grain is to be crushed, block 12 gives the command to turn on the electromagnetic clutch 10 of the load regulator drive and turn on the motor 9 of the load regulator drive, waiting for a time sufficient for preliminary opening of the feed channel of grain 6 .6.

from the crusher's hopper to the crushing chamber, turns off the engine 9 and gives the command to turn on the engine 9 braking. Engine braking does not allow the load controller to descend under its own weight, but keeps it in the ajar condition. After a predetermined time sufficient for the termination of transients caused by a change in the crusher load, unit 12 using the load sensor 17 determines the crusher load and compares it with the specified optimal value.

If the crusher load is equal to the optimal one, the block 12 sets the specified time, analyzing information from sensors 19 and 20, temperature sensor 18, crusher operating state sensor 23, sensor 27 for the upper position of the load regulator and sensors 24 and 25 of the grain level in the bunker crusher, then returns to the next determination of the crusher load.

If the crusher load is less than optimal, then block 12 estimates the deviation of the load from the optimal one and sets the opening time of the regulator depending on the deviation magnitude. The greater the deviation of the load from the optimal one, the greater the opening time of the regulator. Then, the engine braking command 9 is removed from block I2 and the engine 9 is commanded to open the load regulator for a predetermined time. Thereafter, block 12 waits for a predetermined time sufficient to terminate transients caused by a change in the crusher load.

Block 12 then returns to the crusher load determination. If the crusher load is more than optimal, then block 12 checks whether the load does not exceed the specified maximum value. If it exceeds, then block 12 checks if it was a transient load. To do this, after a certain time interval, the load of the sawing unit is determined again and, if it again exceeds the specified maximum value, the block 12 checks the type of overload: technological or emergency. To do this, he gives the Coanda to turn off the electromagnetic

Couplings 10 n, by sensor 23, checks whether the load control regulator intersects the feed of grain to the crusher. If it is not interrupted, so block 12 gives a command to shut down all the drives, turns on the audible alarm, issues the message Jammed by the load regulator and goes to the beginning of the program. If the regulator of the load overturns the supply of grain to the crusher, block 12 allows the crusher to work without feeding the grain and redefines the load. If the load still exceeds the specified maximum value, the command to turn off all drives is given, an acoustic signal is turned on, a message is displayed The drive of the crushing drum is jammed and the block 12 returns to the beginning of the program.

If the load has decreased, the overload was technological, and block 12 switches to the inclusion of an electromagnetic clutch and preliminary opening of the valve.

If the crusher load is more than optimal, but does not exceed the specified maximum value, then the deviation of the load from the optimal one is determined and the time of closing of the regulator is determined depending on the deviation value. The greater the deviation of the load from. optimal, the more the closing time of the regulating body of the load, the greater the reduction of the grain feed to the crushing chamber. After a predetermined time has elapsed, unit 12 proceeds to the next definition of crusher loading, if all sensors inform about normal operation.

If sensor 25 signals o. that the grain needs to be loaded into the crusher's hopper, the I2 unit gives the command to turn on the filling auger, checks its execution and waits for the sensor 24 signal that the hopper is loaded. After receiving such a signal, block 12 gives a command to turn off the charging auger and checks its execution. Then it proceeds to control information from other sensors. If the sensor 27 informs that the loading regulator is fully open, is in its highest position, then block 12 checks whether the grain is fed from the bunker to the crushing chamber. For this, block 12 determines the load.

crushers. If the load is more than optimal, then block 12 proceeds to check whether it does not exceed the specified maximum. If the load is less than optimal, then block 12 compares it with the load of idling. If the load does not exceed the load of idling, then block 12 gives a command to turn off all drives, turn on the audible alarm and issue the message No grain. If the load is greater than the load of idling, then information from other sensors is analyzed.

If the crusher operating state sensor 23 shows that the crusher is in an inoperative condition, i.e., the loading controller completely blocks the flow of grain into the grinding chamber, then unit 12 checks the wear of the crushing drum's hammers and the operation of the drive of the loading regulator. For this, unit 12 measures the load of the crusher. If the load is close to the idling load, then block 12 proceeds to check the serviceability of the engine feeder, and if the crusher load is greater than the idling load, then block 12 waits for a given time. To make the crusher work without feeding grain into the crushing chamber, then it measures the load the crusher determines the difference between the first and second values of the crusher load, If this difference is greater than the specified value, then block 12 will switch to switching on the clutch 10 and preliminary opening the regulator of the load, and if this difference is If the tolerance is less than the specified value, block 12 turns on the buzzer, issues a message The hammers are worn out, and goes to the crusher deactivation routine.

To check the operation of the drive of the load controller, unit 12 gives the command to turn on the electromagitic clutch 10 and preopening the load control board. Then block 12 analyzes the signal from sensor 23, if sensor 23 signals that the loading regulator opened the feed channel of grain to the grain

the block 12 goes to wait until the end of the transient processes — If the regulator of the Zagruek continues to completely shut off the feed channel of the breeze, then the block 12 turns on the sound signal, issues a message

915

The drive of the load controller is defective and goes to the crusher shutdown routine.

If the crusher is operating normally, then unit 12 periodically measures the crusher load and maintains the optimum load using the load adjuster.

To disable the crusher, it is necessary, using device 15, to input the block 12 to give a Stop signal. In this case, block I2 proceeds to an interrupt processing routine, which is a crusher shutdown routine. When executing this subroutine, block i 2 first checks the sensor signals 18 and 20. If the engine of the crushing drum or the motor 3 of the unloading auger is disconnected, then block 12 gives the command to turn off all the motors and goes to the beginning of the program. If the engines are turned on, block 12 gives a command to turn off the electromagnetic clutch 10 and the engine 7 of the coarse feed feeder. After the unloading auger unloads the entire product, unit 12 commands the shutdown of all crusher motors and returns to the beginning of the program.

If, after turning on the crusher or during its operation, the command Grind coarse feed is formed at the output of the device 16, block 12 gives the command to turn off the grain crusher loading controller, analyze the information from sensor 23, check the execution of this command and go to the grinder control program feed. In accordance with this program, block 12 gives a command to turn on this command by signals from the sensor 22 of the drive of the coarse feed drive. If the feeder is not turned on, then block 12 turns on an audible signal, issues an information message. The starter feeder actuator did not work and the set time waits for the operator to act. The operator can manually control the feeding of the coarse feed to the crusher or disable the crusher and fix the fault. If this time has passed, and ont-parop has not taken any action, then unit 12 proceeds to the crusher shutdown routine.

- If pi1ate.ch g of feeds is turned on, TC1 unit 12 using sensors06) О

17 determines the loader's tugout and compares it with the given one. bicjiH loading of the crusher does not exceed the set, then block 12 checks the signals of sensors 19, 20 and 22, sensor 18 of temperature of engine 1 and sensor 26 of presence of metal objects for a while. If from the sensor 26 a message is received about the ingress of metal objects into the rough feed feeder, unit 12 turns off the engine 7 of the rough feed feeder, turns on the sound signal, cues a metallic object in the rough feed feeder and begins to monitor the sensor 22 of the drive actuator. In this case, the operator must manually turn on the reverse feed rough, remove the metal object from the feeder and manually turn on the drive of the feeder. As a result, the sensor 22 of the drive state issues a signal that the engine 7 is on. Received this signal, block 12 proceeds to the measurement of the load crusher.

If the crusher load exceeds the specified one, then block 12 checks whether the load does not exceed the maximum allowable. If 1t, the controller commands the motor 24 to shut down the feeder, checks the signal from sensors 19, 20, 22, 18, and 27 for some time, then turns on the feeder and returns to the beginning of the chop control algorithm.

If the crusher load exceeds the maximum allowable, then block 12 checks if it is not transient for a short time. For this purpose, having turned off the motor 7 of the feeder, after a certain time it measures the load on the crusher. If the load still exceeds the maximum permissible, block 12, without turning on the engine 7 of the feeder, allows the crusher to work the time during which it must unload most of the product from the chamber, and again checks the load. If the load has decreased slightly, then block 12 turns off all crusher drives, turns on the buzzer, displays the message Motor overload of the crushing drive 6apao, and goes to the beginning of the program, l-cju, the load is significantly decreased.

The club goes to the beginning of the program for the grinding of coarse feeds.

The shutdown of the crusher is performed in the same way as in the grinding grain.

The use of control unit 12 in the control system will improve the reliability of the control system, the manufacturability of its manufacture and

chick of the upper position of the regulator of the crusher loading, the sensor of the presence of metal objects in the feeder and the sensor of the upper and lower levels of grain in the crusher's bunker, JR loading bar, actuators of the crusher engine, engines of the unloading and loading screws, engine

management flexibility. The control system JQ tatel and display device, significantly reduces the labor costs for troubleshooting and restoring the crusher. In addition, the control system provides control of the crusher's readiness for start-up, control of the working condition of the crusher, control of grain feed to the fractional chamber, and control of hammer wear.

Claims (1)

Formula invented and The system of automatic control and management of the feed crusher, including the control unit, to one corresponding 25 inputs of the block to the control inputs of which the Start and Stop command input devices, the command command Grind grain and grind coarse inputs are connected. feed. load sensor of crusher, date and augers and engine feeder. Compiled by V. Alekperov Editor V. Petrash Tehred M. Didyk Proofreader C, Cherni Order H998 / 9 Circulation 543 VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Ra-Ushskaya nab. 4/5 tseX It is equipped with an increase in the accuracy of monitoring and control, it is equipped with a crusher drive motor temperature sensor, a crusher operating state sensor and sensors of the crusher motor, unloading and charging auger engines and feeder motor, and the crusher motor temperature sensor, the working state of the crusher and the sensors of the motors of the crusher unloading and charging augers and the motor of the feeder are connected to other ratios, the outputs of which are connected to the load regulator and the indicating device and the actuator E crusher motor, engines and unloading zagruzochPodpisnoe