SU1496990A1 - Device for biasing workpiece while polishing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine tool industry and can be used in mechanical engineering, electronic industry, optics for processing plates made of hard brittle materials. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of machining of parts / reduce flatness / by creating a pressing force at each point on the surface of the part proportional to the error of the part at that point. A device for grinding and polishing parts, in which a device for pressing is mounted, contains a frame, an abrasive carrier in the form of an endless belt, an abrasive carrier drive, a part holder, a holder drive, a clamping mechanism made in the form of two plates, the bottom plate being made in the form of a holder with space for storing the part in the oriented hole position. The upper plate has holes with pressure elements installed in them, guide elements, springs, adjustment screws. The clamping elements are made in the form of balls or rollers placed in a checkerboard pattern. The holder is provided with a drive of reciprocating movement with an amplitude from zero to half the step of placing the pressing members, it contains at least one sensor for moving the pressing member relative to the upper plate. The individual adjustment of the pressing force of the pressing element in proportion to the detail error at the location of this element allows an increase in the quality of processing. 3 hp f-ly, 6 ill.

Description

The invention relates to a machine tool industry and can be used in mechanical engineering, electronic engineering, optics for processing plates made of hard materials, such as glass, ceramics, crystals.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the quality of polishing.

FIG. 1 shows a device for grinding parts, a general view; on

FIG. 2 - device for pressing the part with contact elements in the form of a ball; in fig. 3 - the same, in the form of a roller; in fig. 4 - plate with contact elements in the form of a ball, arranged in a checkerboard pattern, bottom view; in fig. 5 - topographic map of the surface of the part (lines of equal levels relative to the base plane); in fig. 6 - device for

settings of the clamping elements of the upper plate,

A device for grinding and polishing parts, in which a pressing device is used, consists of a frame 1 in which an actuator 2 of an abrasive carrier 3 is installed in the form of an endless belt. The abrasive carrier is located horizontally, its top-10 n branch is at the level of the upper plane of the frame. The holder 4 of the workpiece 5 in the form of the bottom plate has a month for landing the part in a strictly oriented position, 15 is installed under the upper branch of the abrasive carrier and is connected to the drive 6 installed inside the frame 1. The drive 6 provides the reciprocating movement of the holders 20 s the workpiece 5, while providing adjustment of the amplitude of oscillations. On the frame 1 by means of the bracket 7 fixed strictly above

The processing fee shown in FIG. 5. Setting the pressing elements 10, i.e. The installation of the force with which this element presses on the area of the workpiece can be carried out, for example, using the device shown in FIG. 6

The Tariro device (Fig. 6) consists of a plate 15 with sensors 16 installed in it, brackets 17 kr) heating a tunable plate 9, an amplifier 18 and a indicating device 19. Force sensors 16 are located under the clamping elements.

The device dp of grinding and polishing of parts works as follows.

For a part that enters the machining, non-beauty should be measured. The measurement results can be represented in the form of a topographic map of the surface containing lines of equal levels of the surface from the part 5 of the clamping mechanism, which consists of 25 relative to the base plane (Fig. 5).

The processing fee shown in FIG. 5. Setting the pressing elements 10, i.e. The installation of the force with which this element presses on the area of the workpiece can be carried out, for example, using the device shown in FIG. 6

The Tariro device (Fig. 6) consists of a plate 15 with sensors 16 installed in it, brackets 17 kr) heating a tunable plate 9, an amplifier 18 and a indicating device 19. Force sensors 16 are located under the clamping elements.

The device dp of grinding and polishing of parts works as follows.

For a part that enters the machining, non-beauty should be measured. The measurement results can be represented as a topographic map of a surface containing lines of equal surface levels from

from the actuator 8 (in this case, the pneumatic cylinder) and the upper plate 9. In the plate 9 (Fig. 2), the holes are filled, in each of which the clamping (contact) elements 10 are installed, for example balls, movably connected to the guide elements 11 and through springs 12 - with adjusting screws 13. The ratio of the sizes of the balls and the holes ensures that the balls protrude from the plate 9 and prevents them from falling out. The position of the pressing members 10 relative to the plate 9 is controlled by an indicator sensor 14. The design of the device with the pressing element 10 in the form of rollers is shown in FIG. 3. In the plate 9 holes are formed, in each of which the pressing elements 10 are installed in the form of rollers, the rotation axes of which are installed in the guide elements

11. The pressing force is controlled by a torque unit - a spring.

12. compressible adjusting screw

13. The design of the guide element 1 1 ensures the protrusion of the roller beyond the plane of the plate 9 and prevents its collapse by strengthening the compressed spring. The position of the roller relative to the plate 9 is controlled by the indicator sensor 14. The pressing elements can be located in the plate. those 9 are staggered like this

 shown in FIG. 4. Sample details.

0

h 0

;

0

Such a map can be obtained using the interferometric method, which is preferable, or the discrete method using an indicator.

According to the results of measurements of the non-flatness of the part, a pressing device is adjusted on the calibration device. The plate 9 is mounted on the plate 15 with sensors 16 embedded in it so that each pressing member 10 is mounted above the sensor 16. The plate 9 is fastened with brackets 17, while maintaining the size a between the plates 9 and 15. The springs 12 of all the presses elements have a pre-nat, ensuring contacting of the primer elements with the plate 15. This position of the pressing members 10 relative to the plate 9 corresponds to a certain indication of the sensor-indicator 14, which is recorded. After that, each pressing element 10 is adjusted — created by the spring 12 and the adjusting screw 13 — the force of pressing the element 10 to the plate 15 — manually. Moreover, the value of the pressing force of the element for each pressing element 10 can be individual. The clamping force is chosen in proportion to the deviation of the surface profile of the part

5U96990

base plane in point n p

ke, where this pressing element is located. For example, for the first and second clamping elements (see Figs. 4 and 5), the deviation of the surface profile of the part relative to the reference plane, which is the flat point of the surface of the part, is 10.0 and 7.0 µm. When adjusting, the adjusting screw 13, which compresses the spring 12, rotates, and through the guide element 11, the force is transmitted to the pressing member 10. The force value is recorded by the sensor 16, the amplifier 18 and the indicating device 19.

After adjustment, the plate 9 is installed in the grinding unit, and the workpiece 5 is fixed on the holder 4 in a strictly oriented position. Therefore, the relative position of the plate 9 and the part 5 is the same as in the adjustment. The actuator 2 drives the abrasive carrier 3 in the form of an endless belt, to which an abrasive slurry (not shown) is fed. To the actuator 8 of the clamping mechanism mounted on the bracket 7, compressed gas is supplied. The plate 9 is lowered and presses the abrasive carrier 3 to the workpiece 5. The pressure in the actuator 8 is increased until the sensor indicator 14 shows the value recorded during the adjustment. This position of the plate 9 corresponds to the clamping forces achieved during adjustment.

Creating a workpiece surface with a tool at each point in the contact area, which is proportional to the error of the part at this point, allows you to process the part, taking into account the peculiarities of the error in the shape of each part and ultimately get the part with minimal flatness.

6

Placing the clamping elements in the plate 9 in a checkerboard pattern reduces the probability of occurrence of an error form on the parts with a period equal to the pitch of their placement.

The message to the holder of reciprocating movement along a closed trajectory with an amplitude adjustable in the range from zero to half the step of placing the pressing rollers, by means of the actuator 6 also reduces the likelihood of details on the form with a period equal to the placement of the pressing elements smoother transition of the surfaces of the parts processed by adjacent pressing elements.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 0 five five five 1, A device for pressing the part during polishing, made in the form of a plate with a torque unit, characterized in that In order to improve the quality of polishing, cylindrical through holes with parallel axes are made in the slab and the device is additionally equipped with contact elements installed in each of these holes, while the dynamometer assembly is positioned to interact with contact elements, 2, the device according to claim 1, characterized in that each contact element is made in the form of a ball, 3, a device pop, 1, characterized in that each contact element is made in the form of a roller with an axis of rotation located in a plane parallel to the plane of the plate. 4 Device in PP. 1-3, characterized in that the contact elements are arranged in a checkerboard pattern. 3 fig.G Fig.Z i-p p-tsg-l / p-tl-p l FIG. B Editor I.Rybchenko Compiled by V.Vorobyov Tehred M. Khodanich. Proofreader O. Kravtsov 1B /five /