SU1493796A1 - Method of suppressing dust-and-gas cloud in open mine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mining industry. The goal is to increase the efficiency of suppressing the dust and gas cloud by increasing the range and time of interaction of the dispersed liquid with it. The method is carried out as follows. At the same distance from the exploding unit, devices with barrels are located opposite each other. The latter are connected to high-pressure pumps. Then, before the start of the mass explosion, they create obstacles in the form of water tents made of high-pressure water jets. The latter, simultaneously and at different levels, are directed towards each other, collide and disperse in the center of the rising dust and gas cloud. In this case, the supply of water jets alternates with the supply of temperature lowering and dust binding solutions. The dust and gas cloud, successively passing through the lower and then upper obstacles, is intensely cooled, localized and suppressed by the dispersed liquid. 1 hp f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry, in particular to the problem of combating dust and gases in blasting operations in the open pit mining of mineral deposits, and can be used in the extraction of ore, non-metallic and construction minerals.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of suppressing the dust-gas cloud by increasing the range and time of interaction with it of the dispersed liquid.

FIG. I is a layout diagram of devices for carrying out

the proposed method; Fig. 2 illustrates the interaction of high-pressure jets with a dust-gas cloud; Fig. 3 shows a device for carrying out the method; 4, the same embodiment.

The method is carried out as follows.

Water barriers over the blasting unit are created proactively relative to the start of a massive explosion. The simplification is adopted in such a way as to ensure the collisions and dispersion of jets in the center and on the periphery of the dust-gas cloud at the time of May.

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sovogo explosion. The water from the drainage system is fed by high-pressure pumps into the device 1 to form high-pressure water jets. The device 1 is located opposite each other in the area of the exploding block at the same distance from the middle of the exploding block outside the danger zone. to each other, at different angles, to allow water barriers to be created 3-6 over the block simultaneously and at different levels. To increase the effectiveness of barriers, water from devices I is supplied with GO speed, ayuschey speed vertical lifting dust clouds in the career gas atmosphere. Moreover, the supply of water jets to the center of the cloud alternates with the supply of temperature-reducing and dust-binding solutions. in the zone of the blasted block, as well as partial neutralization of gases about

The gas cloud passes through the water barriers of the lower levels and is intensively cooled due to the cost of heat for evaporation of water droplets, especially in the center of the cloud (where the jets collide, crushing large droplets into fine particles and more intensive evaporation) and loses most of its energy ,

The remains of the dust-gas cloud reach the water of the upper level obstacles, are retained by them and finally suppressed inside the quarry space.

The power and the number of water barriers, which ensure the complete suppression of the dust and gas cloud inside the quarry, are selected depending on the block size and the specificity of drilling and blasting operations in the quarries.

The method is carried out by the device 1 consisting of a water-dispensing channel 7 connected to the main pipe. In order to increase the effectiveness of reducing the temperature of the dust-gas cloud, increasing the mixing properties of water, it is necessary to add known surfactants to it, for example, sulfonol NP-1, NP-3, sulfonic acid NB, nickel HB or halogenated hydrocarbons, for example, a tetrafluorine pipeline for water supply using pa-bromoethyl, bromo-ethyl, etc., in a tube 8 and attached to olors in rotary trunnions 9, to a water-dispensing anal 7 are attached outside the barrels 2 for producing high pressure

features that enhance the effect of fighting the cloud. Adding 0.2-0.4% surfactant to water allows 2-2.5 times

jets of water, and inside - a flow divider 1 and water distribution fins 11, which provide a uniform supply of water to the trunks 2.

Using the proposed method makes it possible to effectively suppress a dust-cloud in the process of formation by creating at the same time the necessary amount of water barriers in the path of the cloud at different levels in the quarry space using temperature-lowering chemically active and dust-absorbing additives.

The suppression of a dust and gas cloud in a quarry is carried out by creating water barriers at various levels (at the periphery and center of the dust and gas cloud using water jets and supplying dust-removing and temperature-reducing chemically active solutions at the same distance from the center of the exploding unit opposite devices 1 for suppressing the dust and gas cloud are placed each other and connected to the mine drain line. By means of high-pressure pumps, the pit water is pumped into the pipe system of gadflies and its release into the atmosphere of the quarry above the exploding cloud at the time of the explosion with a pre-emption that allows for the collision of jets above the block and creating water barriers at different levels over the entire block area.

Initially, temperature-reducing solutions are supplied to the piping system, which effectively reduces the temperature at the dust-gas cloud epicenter, then the water supply is alternated with the supply of spiking chemical reactive additives, which allows for increased coagulation and dust precipitation in the area of the blasted unit.

To increase the efficiency of reducing the temperature of the dust-gas cloud, increase the splashing properties of water, it is necessary to add known surfactants to it, for example, sulfonol NP-1, NP-3, sulfonate NB, nickel HB or halogenated hydrocarbons, for example tetrafluorodibromoethyl, bromoethyl and others in quantities that enhance the effect of the fight with the cloud. Adding 0.2-0.4% surfactant to water allows 2-2.5 times

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Claims (3)

Claim 1. A method of suppressing dust and gas □ th cloud in a quarry, including Giving water barriers to its movement and localization of the cloud during its formation, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of suppressing the dust and gas cloud, barriers are created in the form of water tents from high-pressure water jets, which at the same time direct 0 towards one another and hit over the epicenter of the explosion. 2. The method of pop. 1, characterized in that the supply of water jets alternate with the supply of temperature 5 antipyretic and dust binding solutions. fig /