SU1492030A1 - Arrangement for optimizing running operations in drilling - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the drilling of wells and allows to increase the reliability of work when performing tripping operations (SPO) in wells with highly permeable formations and zones with abnormally high formation pressures. The device contains sensors 1 and 4, respectively, the movements of the traveling block and the weight on the hook. The parameters of the drilling process are set by adjusting devices 5,17,18,19,8 and 9, respectively, directions of SPE, design parameters of the column and well, allowable hydrodynamic pressures, parameters of the drilling fluid, transition and optimization at abnormally high reservoir pressure and dangerous intervals. The calculation of the STR parameters is carried out in blocks 2, 3, 11, 6, 7, 20 and 13, respectively, of calculating the column length, actual speed, rational speed, time simply, allowable speed under hydrodynamic conditions, static shear stress and optimal positions, and also unit 12 speed optimization. The results of the calculations are reflected by the indicators 14, 15 and 10, respectively, the position of the traveling block, the speed of the traveling block and the length of the column, as well as a signaling device of 16 dangerous intervals. The unit 20 calculates the value of the static shear stress as a function of time simply fixed by block 6. The signal from the setpoint generator 5 of the direction of the SSW arrives at the input of the unit 2 for calculating the length of the column and starts up the unit 6 at the time immediately preceding the rise of the first candlestick. Block 12 analyzes the values of the speeds arriving at its inputs, which are permissible under different technological conditions, from blocks 7.9 and 11, and transmit the minimum of them to their output. The latter is, for a given time of the STR, the maximum possible speed with the current set of restrictions. 5 hp ff, 17 ill., 1 tab.

Description

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18, 19, 8, and 9 cooTHrc directionally (LK), design parameters of the column and well, admissible hydrodynamic pressures, parameters of flushing fluid, bone, transition and optimization with abnormally high reservoir pressure and dangerous intervals. Calculation of parameters C; software is carried out in blocks 2, 3, 11, ft, 7, 20 and 13, respectively, of the length calculation

codon, actual speed, rational speed, time simply, permissible speed of 1 and dynamic conditions, static shear stress and optimal positions, as well as speed optimization unit 12. The results of the calculations are reflected by the indicators 14, 15 and 10, respectively, the position of the traveling block, the speed of the traveling block and the length of the column, as well as signaling. The invention relates to the drilling of wells, in particular, to the launching optimization device (OPO) on drilling rigs with a discrete release circuit. lifting the drilling tool, and can be used, in particular, when drilling and fixing wells, complicated by the presence of zones of abnormally high reservoir pressure (AHP), low-strength, high-permeable formations, etc.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of operations when performing hoisting operations on wells with highly permeable formations and zones with abnormally high reservoir pressures due to an increase in the accuracy of calculating the allowable descent speeds due to hydrodynamic conditions.

Fig, 1 shows a block diagram of the device; Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of a column length calculation unit; Fig, 3 is a functional diagram of the unit for the transition to optimizing the AHU; FIG. A is a functional schematic of the setter for the direction of the STR; Fig. 5 is a functional block diagram of the computation of rational speed; Fig. 6 is a functional block diagram of the actual speed calculation; in fig 7

rum 16 hazardous intervals, BJKIKOM 20 performs a calculation of the value of 1 I static shear stress versus time simply recorded by block 6, the signal from the setting unit 5 of the STR direction enters the input of block 2 for calculating the length of the column and starts up block 6 at the moment Immediately preceding the rise of the first candle, P5lok analyzes the values arriving at its inputs, the speeds that are permissible under various technological conditions from blocks 7.9 and 11 and transmit to their output the minimum of them. The latter is the maximum possible speed for a given time of the STR with the current set of restrictions of 5 hp, f-ly, 17 silt, 1 t a blu,

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functional diagram of the unit for calculating the allowable velocity under hydrodynamic conditions; Fig. 8 is a functional block diagram of an equivalent line computation node; Fig, 9 is a functional block diagram of speed optimization; Fig. 10 is a functional block diagram of the calculation of optimal positions; FIG. 11 shows a simple functional block diagram for calculating time; in fig. 12 is a functional block diagram of the SNS calculation; in fig. 13 is a diagram of the mutual arrangement of the constituent parts of a traveling block displacement sensor (DPTB); FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram of a logic block DPTB; Fig, 15 - the dependence of the rational speed of the descent of the drill string from its weight; on fig; 16 - dependence of the rational speed on; 2: the mode of the drill string on its weight; Fig. 17 shows the dependence of the permissible rates of descent and ascent of the drilling tool when passing through the bottom of the string of dangerous intervals of the well, depending on the length of the drill string.

The device for optimization of round-trip operations in drilling contains (Fig. 1) sensor 1 for displacing the traveling block, block 2 for calculating

REFERENCES KOJK)} iHW, unit 3 for calculating the actual speed,; sensor 4 weights on the hook, setpoint 5 for the direction of STR, unit 6 for calculating time, simple unit 7 for calculating the allowable speed by hydrodynamic levels, setpoint 8 for the transition to opt. during AVPL, unit 9, dangerous intervals, pointer 10, column length, unit 11 for calculating the regional velocity, unit 12 for optimizing speed, unit 13 for calculating the optimal positions, pointer 14 for the position of the traveling block, pointer 15 for the speed of the traveling block, alarm 16 dangerous intervals , setpoint 17 constructive napaMeipoB columns and wells, setpoint 18 permissible hydrodynamic pressures, setpoint 19 of washing fluid parameters and block 2 (1 calculation of static shear stress (sleep).

The first and second outputs of the gauge 1 of the movement of the traveling block (DPT1)) are connected to the single and P1 inputs of the KOJIOHHI.I length calculation unit 2 and the actual speed calculation unit 3. The output of the hook weight sensor 4 (HL) is connected to the third input of the calculation unit 2 for a duration. the fourth input is connected to the first output of the setpoint generator 5 of the SSW, and the output to the first inputs of the time calculating unit 6 and the calculating unit 7 for the permissible speed under hydrodynamic conditions, as well as to the inputs of the transition switch 8 to optimization with AVPL , setting unit 9 hazard} 1st intervals and pointer 1 ABOUT LENGTH. i columns, output LV 4 is connected to the first input of the rational speed calculation unit 11, the second input of which is connected to the first input of the actual speed calculation unit 3, and the first and second outputs to one Named inputs of block 12 speed optimization. Output DV 4 is also connected to the first input of block 13 calculating the optimal position, the first and second outputs of which are connected to the same inputs of the pointer 14 of the position of the traveling block, the third input of the last is connected to the outputs of the DPTB. The first output of the block 12 optimizing speed is connected to the same

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 pointer 15 of the speed of the traveling block and the second input of the block 13 for calculating the optimal positions, the second output with the same input

The speed gauge block 15, the third input of which is connected to the second output of the actual speed calculating unit 3, the third and fourth Qth inputs - with the first and second outputs of the unit 7 calculating the allowable speed by hydrodynamic conditions, the fifth and test inputs - the first and second, respectively, the outputs of the setpoint 9 hazardous intervals, the third output of which is connected to the first input of the detector 16 dangerous intervals. The inputs of the second - the fourteenth block 7

20 calculating the permissible speed by

hydrodynamic conditions, respectively, are connected to five outputs of the sensor 17 design parameters of the column and well, to four

25 outputs of the setting device 18 permissible hydrodynamic pressures, to the first and second outputs of the control valve 19 parameters of the industrial fluid, the third and fourth outputs of which are connected to the first and second, respectively, input n of the ATP calculating unit 20, to the ATP calculating command 20, third time) which is connected to the output of block 6) time calculation 6 is simple.

The BTopoii input of the latter is connected to the same output of the setpoint generator 5 of the DGP, to the fourth output of the setting unit 19 of the washing liquid parameters, to the output of the setpoint generator 8 of the Q turn to optimize for AVHP, which is also connected to the second input of the alarm 16 of hazardous intervals.

The unit 2 for calculating the length of the column (Fig. 2) contains the selector 21 of the amplitude

ds. tedious, elements 22 and 23, counter 24 reversing binary binary decadal, maximum load capacity setting device 25 and candle weight setting device 26, as well as resistor 27 “The third input of unit 2 is connected to the third input of the amplitude selector 21, the first and second inputs of the last are connected respectively, the maximum load-carrying capacity setting device 25 and the candle weight setting device 26, and the output of the amplitude selector 21 are with the first inputs, And 22 and 23 elements, the second inputs of which are the first and second inputs of block 2, respectively. Per55

the left (forward) and second (reverse) inputs of the reversible counter 24 are connected respectively to the outputs of the element 22 and the element 23 and the output of the counter 24 reversible is the output of calculating the length of the column of block 2. The counter 24 reversible consists of six four-bit reversible binary -particular counters in integrated design, which are combined using the transfer outputs (9) and the loan (0 according to the classical scheme. This design of the counter 24 reversing allows to generate a output signal proportional to the length of the columns S bc in the well, in the binary-decimal dod (code 8421) Outputs Set zero (R) of all integral meters are combined and form the third input (R) of the reversible counter 24, which is the fourth input of the block 2. The third input of the counter 24 reversing connected to the output of the resistor 27, the second output of which is connected to the common wire of the 2 block. The size of the resistor 27 is chosen in such a way (approximately 510 Ohms) in order to provide an inactive voltage level at the input R of the reversible counter 24 (logic zero level - I l.pid) in the absence of a signal on the even vertically entering the block 2 to calculate the column length.

The setter 8 of the transition to optimization with AVPL (Fig. 3) contains a comparator 2B, setter 29 of the tire depth of the AHPD zone and trigger 30, with this input of the child B is the first input of the comparator 28, the second input of which is connected to the setpoint 29 of the depth of the tire of the AHPD zone, and the output of the comparator 28 is connected to the first input (input S) of the trigger 30, the output address input A1 of which the latter’s approach is output is connected to the output of the selector 38 of the amplitude switch 8 to tedious optimization .X2 dual multiplexer 40 n One sensor 5 of the direction of the SSD (Fig. 4) contains resistors 31 and 32, as well as buttons 33 Raising and

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Key to the output of subtraction element 35, and the eighth information input

Descent with normally open

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contacts and self-returning the circuit of the switch from the movable contact of the button 33 Lifting connected to one output of the resistor 31, the second output of which is connected to the wire

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Y4 - to the output of the multiplexer 39. The first information input XI of the multiplexer 39 and the first input of the comparator 41 are connected to the output of the divider 37, the first input of which is connected to the setpoint generator 47 on the hook, and the second input - to the output of the adder 36. The second inputs of the multiplexer 39 and the comparator 41 is connected to the output

+ U

IP, c.

(positive pole of the power source of digital microcircuits

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c), a) the output from the fixed contact of the button 33 11od1) is the second output of the setting device 5, the output from the movable contact of the button 34 The trigger is connected to one output of the resistor 32, the second output of which is connected to the wire c, and the output from the fixed contact of the button 34 The descent is the first output of the sensor 5, the magnitude of the resistors 31 and 32 are chosen so that when the buttons 33 or 34 are closed, the second or first outputs of the setting device 5 provide the active voltage level (the level of the logical unit is U ,,., ,)

The rational speed calculation unit 11 (FIG. 5) contains a subtraction element 35, an adder 36, a divider 37, an amplitude selector 38, a multiplexer 39, a dual multiplexer 40, a comparator 41, a maximum descent speed setting 42, a weight setpoint setting 43, a setting unit 44 of the maximum carrying capacity, the setpoint adjuster 45 is the weight of the candle, the setpoint adjuster 46 of the maximum lifting speed and the setting power 47 on the hook. The first input of block 11 is connected to the second inputs of subtraction element 35 and adder 36 and the third input of amplitude selector 38, the first inputs of which are connected respectively to setting unit 42 for maximum descent speed, setting unit 43 for the weight of the traveling unit and setting unit 44 for maximum capacity 11e. The second input of the amplitude selector 38 is connected to the setpoint 45 of the candle weight. The second input of block 11 is connected to the second address input (address input A2) of the dual multiplexer 40,

Key to the output of subtraction element 35, and the eighth information input

Y4 - to the output of the multiplexer 39. The first information input XI of the multiplexer 39 and the first input of the comparator 41 are connected to the output of the divider 37, the first input of which is connected to the setpoint generator 47 on the hook, and the second input - to the output of the adder 36. The second inputs of the multiplexer 39 and the comparator 41 are connected to the outlet

setter 46 mlksimaltnoy lifting speed. The output of the comparator 41 is connected to the first address input A1 of the multiplexer 39, and the second address input A2 of the latter is connected to the common wire of the block. The first output (output Y) and the second output (output X): the dual multiplexer 40 are the same output of the K block. Unused data inputs of multiplexer 39 (X3 and X4) and dual multiplexer 40 (XI, X3, X4, Y1, V2, Y3) connected to the common wire of the block 1 1 calculating the pa: geofield speed.

The fakty speed calculation unit 3 (FIG. 6) contains a reversible counter 48, a timer 49, two T11iggers 50 and 51, a digital-analog converter (IIAI1) 3, a delay element 53, a memory element 54, four elements AND 55-58, as well as two elements OR 59 and 60 "The first input of block 3 is connected to the first input (input S) of the first trigger 50 whose output (output Q) is connected to the first input (input D) of the second trigger 51, with the second input of the first element I 55 , the output of which is connected to the first input injoBoro of the element Ш1И 59, and with the second CARE of the third element I 57, the output which is connected to the first input of the second element OR 60. The second input of block 3 is connected to the second input of the first (input R) trigger 50, from the second} and, 1m input of the second element I 56, the output of which is P (5 connected to the second (:; the second element OR 60, and with the second input of the fourth element AND 58, the output of which is deep to the second input of the first element PUIH 59 The first output of block 3 is connected to the first inputs of the third and fourth elements And 57 and 58 and is (output Q) of the second trigger 51, the first output (the output (1) of which is connected to the first first-pass And the second elektr.ntov And 56 and 55, and the second input (input C) of the second flip-flop 51 - to the output of the delay element 53, also connected to the J third input (input R) of the rt 48 reversal counter of the first input (inf.) of the memory element 54 connected to the output of the counter 48 reversing, the first (+1) and the second (-1) INPUT 1L of which are connected to the benefits of per

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second and second elements OR 59 and 60. The second input (recording resolution) of the memory element 54 and the input of the delay element 53 are connected to the output of the timer 49. The second output of the block 3 is the output of the D / A converter 52, the input of which is connected to the output of the memory element 54.

Block 7 for calculating the allowable speed for hydrodynamic conditions (Fig. 7) contains a code converter 61, a DAC 62, an adder 63, nine multipliers 64-72, four elements 73-76 of subtraction, four dividers 77-80, an element 81 for calculating the exponential, a power element 82, a log element 83, a dual multiplexer 84, a multiplexer 85, a comparator 86, a confidence interval setting unit 87, a voltage level setting unit 88 and an equivalent length computation node 89 consisting (FIG. 8) of the four elements 90-93 subtraction, two dividers 94 and 95 and three multipliers 96-98 The first input of block 7 is the input of the converter 61 of the code, the output of which is connected to the input of the D / A converter 62. The output of the DFD 62 is connected to the first input of the second element 74 subtracted11, the output of which is connected} to the first cy terminal of the 63 63 input KONmapaTOpa 86, the output of which is connected to the first address input A1 of the multiplexer 85 and with the first information input XI of the multiplexer 85, the second information input X2 of which is connected to the second input of the comparator 86 and is the fifth input of the unit 7 for calculating the allowable velocity by hydrodynamic Under these conditions, the second input of the adder 63 is connected to the first input of an equivalent length computation unit 89, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the fourth divider 80, the first input of which is connected to the output of the third multiplier 66. The inputs to the first and third computation node 89 are equivalent to The entrances are connected respectively to BeTCTBeiyio at the output of the sixth multiplier 69, the first and second inputs of which are the fourth input of block 7, the first input of the third divider 79 and the output of the seventh multiplier 70, the first and second inputs of which are the third input Lok 7, to the output of the eighth multiplier 71,

pens) and the second inputs of the kitorog (. are the second input of block 7, and to the first input of the third subtraction element 75. The output of the latter is connected to the second input of the third divider 79, and the second input is connected to the second and second inputs are the sixth input of block 7, the fifth input of node 89 is connected to the second input of block 7, ciec is to the third input of block 7, the seventh is to the fourth pass of block 7, and the fourth is to the output of multiplexer 85 and the second input ( to the driver) of the second subtraction element 74. The output of the adder 63 is connected to the first the input of the first multiplier 6A, the second input of which is connected to the output of the exponential calculation unit 81, the input of the last one is the eleventh input of block 1, the output of the first multiplier 64 is connected to the first input of the second multiplier 65, the second input of which is connected to the output of the raising element 82, input the latter is connected to the output of the third divider 79 and the first input of the fourth multiplier 67, the second input of which is the fourteenth input of block 7, and the output is connected to the second input of the second divider 78o The output of the second multiplier 65 Connected to the second input of the first divider 77, the first input of which is connected to the output of the fourth subtraction element 76, the second input of the last connected to the confidence interval setting 87, and the first input to the first output (output X) of the dual multiplexer 84 The output of the first divider 77 is connected to the second input of the first subtracting element 73, the first input of which is connected to the voltage level adjuster 88), and the output through the element 83 of logarithm to the nepBONty input of the second divider 78, the output of which is the first output of the 7 block. The unit 7 is the output of the fifth multiplier 68, the first input of which is connected to the output of the fourth divider 80, and the second input to the second output (output Y) of the dual multiplexer 84, the inputs of which are; the first (information input XI) is the seventh input of the block, the second (information input X2) - the eighth input of the block, the fifth (information

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The Y1 input is the ninth block input, the mecTofi (information input Y2) is the tenth block input, and the first (A1 input) is the thirteen block input 7. Unused 1P1 information inputs of the multiplexer 85 (KZ and X4) and the dual multiplexer 84 (X3, X4, UZ, Y4), as well as the address inputs A2 of both multiplexers are connected to the common wire of block 7. The twelfth input of block 7 is the second input of the third multiplier 66, the first input of which is connected to the output of the adder 63.

And the equivalent length calculation unit 89 (FIG. 8) is connected to the first and second inputs thereof, respectively, the second input of the first subtraction element 90, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first divider 94, the first inputs of the first and second subtractors 90 and 91 of the subtraction, the output of the latter with the second input of the first divider 94 and is the second output of the node 89. The output of the first divider 94 is connected to the first and second inputs of the second multiplier 97. The second input of the second reading element 91.1, the second input of the third element 92, the output of which connected to the first input of the second divider 45, the first inputs of the third and fourth elements 92 and 93 of the subtraction, the output of the latter connected to the second input of the second divider 95, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first multiplier 96, and the second input of the fourth element 94 of the subtraction ILLC1TSYa, respectively, the third The fifth, test and seventh inputs of node 89. The first output of node 89 is the output of the third multiplier 98, the first input of which is connected to the output of the second multiplier 97, and the second input - with the output of the first multiplier 96, the second input of which It is the fourth input node 89 calculating equivalent length. The speed optimization unit 12 (FIG. 9) contains a node 99 for optimizing the speed of the subtopic and a node 100 that is designed to descent speed, which are completely similar in design.

Each of nodes 99 and 100 includes (fig. 9) comparators 101 and 102 and multiplexers 103 and 104. The first output of block 12 is the first input of node 99 and is connected to the PC input

The second is the comparator 102 and the second input (information input X2) of the second multiplexer 10c. The first inputs (information input XI) of the second multiplexer 104 and the second comparator 102 are connected to the output of the first multiplexer 103, and the second comparator 102 is connected to the third input (address input A1) of the second multiplexer 104, the output of the latter is the output of node 99 and the first output of block 12 The third input of unit 12 is the second input of node 99 and is connected to the first input of the first comparator 101 and the first input (informational input XI) of the first multiplexer 103, whose third input (address input A1) is connected to the output of the first comparator 101. The fifth input of block 12 is the third BXO / IOM of the class 99 and the under (Key to the second Bxoz; y of the pair comparator 101 and the second input (information input X2) of the first multiplexer 103. Unused data inputs (X. X4) of both multiplexers as well as their address inputs A2 are connected to the burner ;;: the module's second direction. The second, quarter and dough passes 12 are, respectively, 1 but the first, second, and inputs of the descent speed optimization node 100, and its output is the second 12 speed optimization

The block 13 for calculating optimal positions (Fig. 10) contains three adders 105-107, two dividers 108 and 109, three multipliers 110-112, a subtraction element 113, logarithmic elevent, five amplitude selectors 115-1119 and a reference driver 120 voltage, unit 121 of the weight of the movable part of the ialean system, unit 122 of the design factor of the tackle system, unit 123 of the design factor of the bus-pneumatic clutch (SNFM), unit 124 of the inertia moment of the drum shaft, five sets of the inertia of the drive, divider 130 tension and resistive switch 131. The second input unit 13 is connected to the first and third inputs of the multiplier vto.rym P2, koto cerned output connected to the second input of the first multiplier 110, a vtorp- input of the second divider 109, a first

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the input of which is connected to the output of the second adder 106, and the output to the input of the element 114 of logarithm, with the third inputs of five selectors 115-119 amplitude, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the second, fourth, sixth, eighth and tenth inputs of the switch 131. Other inputs the latter are connected: the first to the setpoint 125, the third to the setpoint 126, fifth to the setter 127, the seventh to the setpoint 128, the ninth to the setpoint 129 of the drive inertia, and the output KOMhfyTaTopa 131 connected to the first input of the third adder 107, the second input of which is connected to unit 124 of the moment of inertia of the drum shaft, and the output with the second input of the second multiplier 111. The first input of the latter is connected to the output of the first software multiplier, and the output is the second input of the i 3 unit and connected to the second input of the subtraction element 113, the first input of which It is connected to the output of the logarithmic element 114, and the output is the first output of block 13. The first input of block 13 is connected to the second input of the first adder 105, the first input of which is O is connected to the setpoint 121 of the weight of the moving part of the pulley system, and the output is connected to the second entrance lane The first divider 108, the first input of which is connected to the master 122 of the structural coefficient of the pulley system, and the output to the first input of the first multiplier 110, and to the first input of the second adder 106, the second input of the latter is connected to the unit 123 of the constructive MFR. The output of the reference voltage generator 120 is connected to the input of a resistive voltage divider 130, the outputs of which are connected: the first to the first input of the first amplitude selector 115, the second to the first input of the second selector 116, and the second to the first input the third selector 117 and the second input of the second selector 116, the fourth to the first input of the fourth selector 118 and the second input of the third selector 117, the fifth to the first input of the fifth selector 119 and the second input of the fourth selector 118, the sixth to the second fifth course of the amplitude selector 119

Time 6 for calculating time is simple (FIG. P) contains timer 132, counter 133, trigger 134 (D), two comparators 135 and 136, code converter 137, frequency divider 138, two elements 139 and memory 1AO, element 1К 1А1, element OR 1D2 and element 143. Timer input 132 is connected to trigger output 534, the second input (input D) of which is connected to the output of HE 141, the third input (input C) is the second input of block 6, and the first input (input R) is connected with the input of the element is NOT 141 and V1 - with the stroke of the first comparator) 35o The first input of the latter is connected to the common wire of the unit, and the output is Ymera 132 is connected to the input of the frequency divider 138, the output of which is connected to the first input of the AND 143 element, to the first input (counting input) of the counter 133, the second input (of the R input) of which is connected to the output of the OR 142 element, the first and second inputs of the latter are connected to similar outputs of the second comparator 136, to the second input of the first storage element 139, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second comparator 136. The first input of block 6 is the input of the code converter 137, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first comparator 135, first in one of the first storage element 139 and the second input of the second comparator 136, the third output of the latter is connected to the second input of the AND 143 element, the output of block 6 is the output of the second memory element 140, the first input of which is connected to the output of the counter 133, and the second input - with the output of the element And 143,

The SNC calculation unit 20 (Figo 12) contains a DSL 144, a logarithm element 145, a multiplexer 146, a comparator 147, a multiplier 148, an adder 149, a subtraction element 150, and the OR element 151 The third input of the block 20 is the input of the DAL 144, the output of the DAC 144 is connected with the input of the logarithm element 145, the output of which is connected to the first input of the comparator 147, the second input of the latter is connected to the common wire of block 20 and to the second information input X2 of the multiplexer 146, the first information input X of which is connected to the common wire of block 20, and

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nejiBt.iii (address} 1st run of A1) - g nmho- ;; ohm PEM 151, psrnp and ntoron HXD; UI of the last 11 (dcln1Chen1CH to the single-output 1 outputs of the comparator 147o The second input of block 20 is the second element of 150 subtraction, output KOTOpoi o is connected to the second input of multiplier 148, the first input is the last: pod;: yuchen to the output of multiplexer 146. The first input of block 20 is the first input of the subtraction element 150 and the second input of the adder 149, the first input of which is connected to the output of the multiplier 148, and the output of the adder 149 is the output of block 20. Unused information ( X3, XA) and address (A2) inputs of the multiplexer 146 are connected to the common drive of the SNA calculation unit 20.

The length of the column is 10 contains a code converter made of six 1 out of 10 deilators and an gas discharge indicator, consisting of six indlkg41ornyh lamps, each of which is connected to the output of the corresponding decrypt.ra. Such design of the column 10 indicator allows em indivipoBaTii. i iiiHy columns in the range 0: 9-9, 99 m with discretization

10 m

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,: i, .4 1 tick 4 weights, pressure at the output of k1h; x1go pjje () 6pa3yeTCH to direct current signal with sweep: darpegly converter is installed at the dead end ta; / th rope.

The DNTC is a two-phase, sensible sensor (FIG. 13) and consists of a j jaddle element 15., a bracket 153 with a pair of sensing elements 154 and 155, a connecting cable 156, and a logic unit 157. with milled ragshchaschimi grooves, after the teeth on it formed 30 teeth. The driver 152 is made detachable, due to which it is easy to fit and is fixed on the free portion of the drum shaft 158 of the winch drum. Tooth set tsego e. Lent 152 is slid to the notch to the body), and i53, which coincides with the gaps of the sensitive elements 154 and 155, used the latter as inductive gap position transducers. Kronschtag 153 is attached to the drawworks bearing beams. Sensitive elements 154

and 155 are located in the housing of the brackets 153 in such a way that the output signals from them when rotating the setting element 152 have a phase shift of | T / 2. This allows, along with measuring the amount of movement of the traveling block, to determine the direction of this movement. Via connecting cable 156, sensing elements 15A and 155 are connected to logic unit 157. Sensing elements 1 5A and 1 55 consist of a blocking generator, a detector, a trigger and an output switch on a transistor. With the introduction of the gap between the cat. With the stitches of the base and collector windings of the transistor of the blocking generator zuya of the setting element 152, generation is disrupted. In this case, the output key is triggered and provides a signal to the logic unit 157.

The first and second inputs of the logic unit 157 (Fig. 1A) receive signals from the output of the sensitive elements 154 and 155, respectively. Logic block 157 contains four flip-flops 159-162 (D), programmable read-only memory (PROM) 163, six AND-NOT 164-169 elements, resistors 170-177, and others. Auxiliary elements (:}) ig. 14) The first input of the log1-gk) block 157 is connected to the first input (input P) of the first trigger 159 and one of the terminals of the resistor 171, the second output of which is connected to the wire +1 un, c The second input of the logic block 157 is connected to the first input (input D) of the second trigger 160 and one of the terminals of the resistor 170, the second terminal of which is connected to the wire, resistors 170 and 171 are the load for the transistors of the sensitive elements 155 and 154, respectively. The output of the first trigger 159 is connected to the first input (input D) of the third trigger i61 and the first input (info input XI) of the PP memory 163, the second input (info input X2) of which is connected to the output of the third trigger 161. The output of the second trigger 160 is connected to the first input (input D) of the fourth flip-flop 162 and the third input (inf. input HZ) of the EPROM 1G; 3, the fourth input (inf. input X4) of which is connected to the output of the fourth flip-flop 162o In Tr1: the gages 159 and 160 stores information about the current state nii

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sensitive elements 154 and 155, and in triggers 161 and 162 - about the previous one. The second inputs (inputs C) of the four flip-flops 159-162 and the fifth input (input V) of the EPROM 163 are connected to each other and to the output of the clock generator, which synchronizes the operation of the elements of the logic unit 157 and assembled according to the classical scheme on the elements AND-NOT 164- 167. The inputs R and S of the flip-flops 159-162 are not used, and inf. input X5 of the PROM 163, the latter is connected to the common wire of the logic unit 157 o The outputs of the first - the sixth PROM 163 load the resistors respectively 172-177, each of which is connected to the corresponding output of the PROM 163 by one output and the corresponding programming to the ROM 163 allows you to generate pulses of logical zero at the outputs of the first, third and fifth (movement of the traveling block down - descent) or outputs - the second, fourth and sixth (movement of the traveling block up - lifting), as well as having for a constant number of teeth DPTB pad 152 with different resolution. For example, for the U2-5-5 drawworks and 30 teeth, I set0; its element 152, when the gauge system 56 is fitted from the outputs of the fifth and sixth EPROM 163, the pulses to be removed have a price, i.e. actual movement of the traveling block in centimeters per pulse, U, 1.0 cm / imp. The outputs of the fifth and raecTONry EPROM 163 are connected to the inputs of the fifth and sixth elements of the AND-PE 168 and 169, respectively, the outputs of which are the first and second outputs of the logic unit 157 (FIG. 14) and the same outputs of the PLTB 1 (FIG. 1).

The essence of the invention is that the time calculation unit 6 introduced into the device simply allows each i-M cycle of lifting the drill string to determine the time the flushing fluid in the well is at rest; . In practice, it varies in a wide range: from 2 minutes to several tens of minutes and even several

hours Knowledge of t

G7r.

BY

each lifting cycle is necessary for a correct assessment of the state of drilling fluid in the well at the time of the beginning of the next (i. + 1) th lifting cycle, the most important act of this state is the mud quantity Q -, which, like: 1 known strongly depends on the time of the simple washing liquid: b f (t). The SNA calculation unit 20 introduced into the device allows, in each lifting cycle of the drilling tool, to have information about the SNS value of the flushing fluid, determined depending on BfieMeHu just on the well in the previous lifting cycle: 9), f (tnp, i) Signal proportional to the current value SNA 9t, is fed to block 7 by calculating the permissible velocity under hydrodynamic conditions, which, taking into account 9, calculates the value of v ", which is inversely proportional to f.

The introduction into the device of the unit 3 for calculating the actual speed allows the speed sensor to be excluded from the device, and thereby increase the reliability of the device and facilitate its operation. The introduction of this block also made it possible to increase the accuracy and speed of the process of recognizing the direction of movement of the traveling block, especially at the moment of transition from descent to ascent and, conversely, from ascent to descent. A digital signal from the output of the actual speed calculation unit 3, carrying information about the direction of movement of the traveling block, is supplied to the rational speed calculation unit 11 and significantly increases the speed of the latter and the entire device in general.

Entering the setter 5 in the direction of the SSD allowed to eliminate the error accumulated in the block of determining the length of the column by zeroing the output of the latter at the moment the start of the descent process (before lowering the first drill collar), in addition, the setpoint time calculator simply starts immediately preceding the rise of the first candle „

The device works as follows.

Before starting open source software, the initial parameters must be entered into the initial setting device of 9 hazardous intervals of interpals of a well with ledges and curves, areas of the second wellbore and tonnes. in meters and

allowable speeds of descent and ascent of the column on them into the setpoint adjuster 8 of the transition to optimization during the airframes - the depth of the zone with the airframes according to geophysical research and geological forecasts (m); to the setting device 1 9 of the parameters of the washing liquid — the values of its conventional viscosity T in seconds (s), effective viscosity 2 in the pauses (P), static shear stress (SNS) of the washing liquid after 1 min (b) and 10 min ( 9, o) its rest in pascal x (Pa), into the setting unit 17 the design parameters of the column and well are py5 ti brfi diameter of drill pipes (BT) i n (mm), inner diameter of BT dg (mm), outer diameter of drill bits pipes (UBT) dy (mm), borehole diameter D (mm) and the total length of the UBT in the column 1h. (m); in the unit 18 permissible hydrodynamic pressures - the permissible ri-schrodynamic pressure when lifting the drill when the well is wired. normal conditions (MPa), the same in terms of HDPE - LRP (, D (MPa), allowable hydrodynamic pressure during the descent of the drill string when drilling a well in normal conditions yrs.n (MPa) and the same in terms of AHPD - IP (MPa). Parameters can be entered into the setters by the drilling tool. It is possible to adjust the task as the technological conditions on the well change | At any time and between the SPOs. Before entering the parameters, no calculations are required: T, 0, and 9, d take from the log book

properties of the drilling fluid, it is advisable to enter the listed values, which are obtained as a result of analysis of drilling mud samples taken immediately before the STR - at the completion stage of the pre-flushing of the well: bc, dg, T, dy and lj - from the geological and technical infrastructure ( GTN) well: LR. .H. DZPD the results of calculations and experience of drilling wells in a given area, based on the condition of preventing the inflow of formation fluids into the well, occurrences and emissions, as well as the lack of

cleaning fluid and hydraulic fracturing; ds - according to geodogical protozoa.

The unit 2 for calculating the length of codons (Fig. 2) in the course of the SGL and during the drilling process, using signals from LG1TB 1 and DWD, calculates the length of the drill codon in the well L in meters. Before the next descent of the column, the driller presses the FOR button The descent (Fig. A) in the setter 5 of the direction of the SSW, a high level of voltage U ,,,, is set at the first output of the setpoint 5 of the direction of the SSW, and therefore at the fourth input of the unit 2 length calculation the columns (fig. 1) and the third input (input r) of the counter 24, reversible (figure 2), the output of the counter 24 reversible, and therefore of block 2, is zeroed: L, O, which is accompanied by resetting all six gas-discharges lamp pointer 10 column length, located in front of the operator-burilpikom, The output of block 2 will change when the first or second inputs of the counter

24 reversible from element outputs

And 22 or 23, respectively, signals will be lowered by logic 1. This will take place when the loaded talley block is moved, when the second input of an AND 22 element (when descending) or the second input of an AND 23 element (when going under 15) through the first and second inputs of block 2, respectively pulses 1 will be received from the first and second outputs of the DPTB 1 (Fig. 1), and the signal 1 will be set at the first inputs of the And 22 and 23 elements (Fig. 2).

The third input of block 2 receives the analog signal UQ, which is proportional to the weight of the instrument on the hook O, from the output of DV 4 (Fig. 1). The signal UQ is fed to the third input of the village-Egtora 21 of amplitude (FIG, 2), to the first and second inputs of which from the setter

25 max load capacity and setpoint weight 26 candles are served as signal} 11 and 11, and P, 1, respectively, and the signal P, proportional to maximum payload: 1 rig unit) C) c. , and the signal U,., - to the weight of one plug of drill pipes,,. At the exit

e.

the selector 21 of the amplitude, performed on a two-way comparator, the signal level 1 is established only when the condition

I92030

22 and UQCU ,,

(one)

those. when the tool weight Q is within

QC

(2)

in other words, with a loaded talley block. The signal from the output of the amplitude selector 21 is fed to the first inputs of the And 22 and 23 elements, which control the passage of signals to the summing (direct input) or subtracting (figurative input -1) inputs of the reversing counter 24 (Fig. 2).

As the first spark plug of the drill string (i 1) is lowered, pulses are received at the first input (input +1) of the reversing counter 24 into the well.

if during its descent N pulses were received, then at the output of block 2 a signal will be set that is numerically equal to

I.

| .A

Ly.o +

N ,. C „O + N4 1.0

N ,. 1.0 N ,, cm;

(3)

thirty

after the descent of the second candle (i 2) (UL impulses received)

  X; 2 K n

 N, -t- Nj, CM,

+ N1. c,

(BUT)

and tod. After the i-th candle is lowered into the well, the output of block 2 will set a signal

To I

h, - N:

N

cm.

(five)

( one

Upon completion of the descent of the drill string to the bottom at the exit of block 2, a signal of the depth of the well is generated

LCKU x. And

N

cm.

(6)

When the column is lifted, the pulses 1 with DPTB arrive at the second input of the element I 23 (Figs. 1 and 2), and then to the second input (input -1) of the 2D reversible counter, while they are subtracted, the signal at the output of the block 2 decreases. So, at the completion of the extraction of j candles from the well since the moment of lifting, the column length in the well is calculated by block 2 in accordance with the following expression

I -M,

Ui

P4 to

Vn. four

uM, CM,

(7)

where Mj is the number of pulses arriving at input -1 of counter 24, reversible during the lifting of the jth candle, K is the number of candles enlarged on the column during the hammering time, by the end of which the depth of the well reached L.

After completing lifting and removing the last candle

p + to p + to LK. ° (

; -1 j-i

at any current time, during SPO or drilling, at the output of block 2 there is a signal that is numerically equal to the current length of the string in the well in the binary-decimal code (code 8421), calculated according to the expression

.t

2: n, see

(9)

.-

By transferring the comma in the resulting number to two decimal places to the left, we obtain L, expressed in metrics

In the process of STR and drilling, the current LD1 of the drill string L is indicated on the column length indicator 10. The digital indication is used by the driller not only during STR, but also during the drillstorm to determine the bit penetration for a certain period of time, the length of the well bore and production

During the execution of STR with signals

the first and second outputs DPTB 1-I

step and on the same inputs of the unit 3 calculating the actual speed (Fig. "J, 6). When the rig unit of the drilling rig moves down (descent), signals 1 from the first input of block 3 (fig 6) go to the first input (input S) of the trigger 50 and to the second inputs of the elements 55 and 57. "By the first signal 1 the trigger 50 is set , the high level signal 1 from the last output goes to

20

25

thirty

40

45

- 35

 . about

-

The first VCS-) D (Vhol) D Trp 51, C of the moment-h of supplying -1, ri c unit 3 switches timer 49 into operation, generating a sequence of single pulses with a duration of 5-10 ISS with a period T, 1.0 c. The signal from the output of timer 49 is supplied to the PTS input (recording enable input) of the memory element 54 performed on the storage register directly, and to the second input (synchronization input C) of the trigger 51 and the third input (input R) of the reversing counter 48 - c delay time DjJ 2.5-5.0 ISS, which is provided by the inclusion of the element 53 delay o Forward The front of the first clock pulse 1 received at the second input of the trigger 51 after being installed at its first input 1 is set to a single signal at the first output (direct output Q) of the trigger 51 applied to the first inputs of the And 55 and 56 elements. This signal will be set to , a multiple of 1.0 s, until the end of the process of lowering the traveling block, it permits the passage of counting pulses coming from DPTB 1 to the second inputs of elements 55 and 56 Simultaneously with the signal 1 on the first output of the trigger 51 on its second output (inverse output Q ) appears signal O for the whole time of descent, which goes to the first output of block 3. During descent, signals 1 from the output of element I55 are sent to the first input of the element IPI 59, and from the output of the last to the first input (direct input +1) of the counter 48 reversible, where they are summed about. The summation of the counting pulses is performed by the counter 48 by reversing for a time interval equal to the period of the timer 49 - 1 s. After the specified time elapses, when a single signal arrives from the output of timer 49 to the second input (recording resolution input) of the memory element 54, the last recording of information arriving at its first input (informational) from the output of reversing counter 48 is performed - s, t „e. the actual value of the speed of the pulley block in digital form v (t) u Then, after D.J3 time, 1 output of element 5 i tader A cule n the third input (input R) of the recursive counter 48 is fed in, it zeroes and begins again the addition of the impongon, arriving on the first and second entrances from DPTB 1, in time 1 s ,. If during the period of 1 s the termination of the drill string termination occurs and the rise begins, then the pulses from the LPTB 1 will not be sent to the first input, but to the second input of the actual speed calculation unit 3. At the same time, the first impulse 1 will act on the second input (input R) of the trigger 50 It resets it, the signal O is set at the first input (input D) of the trigger 51. The counting pulses also go to the second input of the And 56 element, from its output to the BTOpoi i input of the 1sh 60 element, and from the last output to the second input ( input reverse) th counter -1) 48 counter reversing and subtract . Thus, for the second period in which the transition from the descent of the traveling block to the ascent occurs, a signal is generated at the output of the reversing counter 48 that is proportional to the difference between the numbers, impulses, input to input +, and the number of impulses received from the input -I counter ,

If npoi; ecc lifting continues, then with the arrival of the next sync pulse, the second input (input C) of the trigger 51 at its first output (output 0) is set to O, preventing the counting pulses from passing through the elements 55 and 56, and at the second output (B1 , 1 input Q) -. The last signal is fed to the first inputs of elements And 57 and 58, it allows the passage of counting pulses coming from DPTB 1 to the second inputs of elements And 57 and 58. During the lifting of the pulley block, the pulses pass through element And 58 to the second input of element OR 59, and from the last output to the first input (input +1) of the counter 48 reversible, where they are summed up within 1.0 s. At the end of the specified interval, the value of the ascent rate () is recorded in the memory element 54, and the counter 48 reversible starts to calculate the speed value in the next sec I do. During the entire ascent period, the first output of block 3 is set to signal 1.

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

At the moment of transition from lifting the traveling block to descent, the counting pulses stop passing through the chain: the second input of the element AND 58 - the second input of the element OR 59 - the first input (input -I) of the counter 48 is reversible, and they start to pass along the path: the second input of the element 57 - the first input of the element OR 60 - the second input (input -1) of the counter 48 reversing, the formation of the output signal of which occurs as described above. Thus, block 3 calculates the actual speed of launching by colliding it in one-second periods. At the output of the memory element 54, the absolute value of the actual speed is formed in accordance with the expression

Phi, - k ™ k cm / s, (10)

where k is the number of the interval generated by timer 49 from the beginning of operation of block 3, k 0,1,2,3 ..., 11 is the moment of time included in the k-th time interval, s; the number of pulses received in the continuation of the k-ro interval at the input +1 of the counter 48; m | - the number of pulses received at the same time at the input — from remitter 48; and the sign of speed (direction of movement of the traveling block) is determined by the signal at the first output of the block 3: 1 — rise, O — descent. The digital signal from the output of the memory element 54 v- (t) is fed to the input of MP 52, the analog signal V (t) from the output of the latter passes to the second input of unit 3. The value of the actual speed of the descent va) (t) is continuously displayed on the pointer 15 of the speed of the traveling block (Fig.)), to the third input of which a signal is fed from the second output of the unit 3 for calculating the actual speed.

The rational speed calculation unit 11 (Fig. 5) in the process of performing the STR on the set of output signals from DW 4 and actual speed calculation unit 3 calculates the rational speed of descent or ascent of the drill string, taking into account the technical capabilities of the drilling rig.

A rational mode of descent, which is most satisfied with complex requirements and high Productivity, integrity, quality equipment operation, and safety precautions, is achieved by descending all spark plugs of the drill string from the average to the well at the set speed of descent of the loaded elevator. .se 2.0 m / s on all serial drilling rigs. Such an average value of the speed of descent can be obtained by adjusting the speed of descent depending on the weight of the drilling tool on the hook in accordance with the law.

, m / s

-s.rai -5- .5- Q / Q. ,,,

Fig. I5 shows a rational relationship c, py, f L) which is a straight line for a drilling rig with a QMOIKC capacity of 200 tons. The descent rate varies from c. QL, .c 2.5 m / s in the case of moving the light drill string to V (RDC 1.0 m / s

with Q Pmax When lifting the drill string, the maximum productivity of the drilling rig, which means the shortest machine lift time, is ensured with full use of the set power of the drawworks drive. The latter is accomplished by changing the speed of ascent

n, max

g, rats and "

0.102 N.-ef

N, swarm, Q

(12)

where N is the installed power of the prime mover, kW; U is the permissible overload ratio of the drive engine;

2 t - the efficiency of the lifting mechanism;

Q is the weight of the moving part of the pulley system, t „

Expression (12) reflected the fact that modern drilling rigs have higher lifting speeds not exceeding Vj, 2.0 m / s. Rational dependence v rd, fi (Q)

shook in FIG. 1b lp drilling rig g), -, f -00 T.

Rtbotl of unit 11 at the speed of a range of speeds ocHona) ia on the implementation of laws (11) and (12).

Expression (11) is simulated by voltages on subtraction element 35 (Fig. 5). The signal from A and U, through

Q first input of block 11 is fed to

the second input (inverting) of the subtraction element, to the first input (non-inverting) of which a signal is supplied from the setpoint D2 of the maximum descent rate, proportional to

s.rap.max. The gain factors over the inputs of the subtraction element 35 are selected in such a way that at its output a signal proportional to v is generated, according to (R), which is fed to the first input (inf ' input X2) of the dual multiplexer 40.

The signal Ujj is applied to the second

5 input of the adder 36, at the first input

which receives a signal from the unit 43 of the weight of the movable part of the pulley system, proportional to Q. A signal proportional to the sum (QJ- + Q), is output from the output of the adder 36 to the second input of the divider 37, to the first input of the last receives a signal from the setter 47 MOITXHOCTH on the hook proportional to the value of 0.102 -p, and at the output of the divider 37, a signal is formed that is proportional to

n. poiu.

(12) which is served on

the first information input X1 of the multiplexer 39 and the first input of the comparator 41, the second input of the last and the second information input X2 of the multiplexer 39 receive a signal from the setpoint 46 of the maximum lifting speed proportional to

five

p.max

 2.0 m / s.

five

The comparator 41 compares the values of voltages proportional to the speeds v.poy and v. When the condition v po and ri are fulfilled. The output of the comparator 41 is set to a high level of voltage and „,„, when v p v ,,,,. - low voltage UHQ, after-Jre: dne is fed to the first address input A1 of multiplexer 39.

I

The logic of the multiplexer 39

and dual multiplexer 40, as well as similar elements in other

The units of the device describe the status of a cluster.

Teach us that at the second address input A2 of multiplexer 39, an O signal is always set, it is controlled by only the first input A1:

in the presence of a signal O (the first row of the tables.) the output of the multiplexer is a signal proportional to vj RD, and in the presence of 1 (the second row of the table) - a signal proportional to .anc) i.e. At the output of the multiplexer 39, a signal is set that is proportional to the Vp rdc by (12) supplied to the eighth information input 4 of the dual multiplexer 40 "

The signal L g is also supplied to the third input, an amplitude selector 38; the latter, together with the child sensors 44 and 45, performs the same functions as the above-described selector 21, the amplitude and the setters 25 and 26 in block 2. The signal from the output of the amplitude-selector 38 goes to the first address input A of the dual multiplexer 40, where it is installed 1 at loaded Talevnogo block and O - when not loaded. Thus, in the process of remaping the unloaded block block (the first and third lines), both outputs of the dual multiplexer 40 and the outputs of block 11 contain zero signals, since the information inputs XI, X3 and Y1, Y3 are connected to the common wire of block II ( Fig. 5), therefore, signals O are installed on them. In the process of transferring the loaded elevator to one of the IC outputs

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

11 there is a signal different from zero and proportional to the rational speed of descent and ascent. During the descent of the drill string, the second address input A2 of the dual multiplexer 40 receives the signal O from the second input of block 11 (second row of the table), the second output (output X) is connected to the second the information input X2 and the second output of block 11 is set to a signal proportional to Vc.pau, at this time

the first outputs of the dual multiplexer 40 and block 11 are set to zero signals, since the sixth information input Y2 is connected to the common wire of block 11. During the lifting of the column, the second address input A2 is set to signal 1 (fourth row of the table), first output (output U) dual multiplexer 40 is connected to the eighth information input Y4 and a signal proportional to V .. rac is set at the first output of block 11, and zero at the second output of block 11, since the fourth information input X4 of the dual microcomputer 40 has zero second potential (connected to the common conductor block 11).

Signals proportional to Vf, or v rdc, from the first and second outputs of block 1 continuously for the entire device operation time go to the same inputs of the block

12 speed optimization. The setpoint switch 8 for optimizing the AUHF (Fig. 3) has an input to which the signal from the output of the column length calculation unit 2 is proportional to the current length of the column in the well L, it goes to the first input of the comparator 28, to the second input of which a signal arrives

From setpoint 29, the depth of the tire overlap, -., The signal L in the process of STR changes in the range O L; the squaram 28 checks the inequality

CK6

k.maks-4, airborne

(13)

when performing at its output a logical 1 signal is set, arriving at the first input (input S) of trigger 30, the latter is set and signal 1 arrives at the output of setpoint 8, which indicates that the well is injected into the zone of overpressure formations or drilling the zones themselves with anomalous high reservoir pressures. If the depth of the well did not reach b. , then the output of the setpoint 8 is present O. The condition (13) of the driller is informed by the light bar of the AHDF detector of the 16 dangerous intervals, the second input of which receives a signal from the output of the setpoint 8 (FIG. 1).

The output from the setpoint generator 8 is also fed to the thirteenth input of the unit 7 for calculating the allowable velocity by hydrodynamic conditions (Fig. 1.7). Taking into account the level of this signal, by the aggregate of signals at the first input from block 2 of calculation

  1.808 (0G L 32723

where -, is the equivalent length of the drill string:

L, h L. + 1ts, m;

(15)

1. - the length of the drill string without CNT, m;

1 is the equivalent length of the UBT, which is calculated by the Movsumov A.A. formula; 35

, D - dn D dn t,. h

H, e 5 -d7b

(- overlap coefficient of well section 40, defined by the formula:

V (d - d) / DS

(17)

c is the confidence interval U P, taken equal to 0.14 MPa „

The permissible rate of descent of the drilling tool into the well is determined by the formula

h g

 LP, (D - d,) / 33 hz. , m / s

(18)

The operation of the unit 7 for calculating the allowable speed for hydrodynamic conditions is based on the implementation of laws (14) and (18) „

On the second - the test inputs of block 7 (Fig. 1.7). from setpoint 17, construction with .g

the length of the column proportional to L ,, on the second - honest inputs from setpoint 17, on the seventh - tenth input from setter 18, on the eleventh and twelfth inputs from set 19, and on the fourteenth input from SNA calculation unit 20, unit 7 calculates admissible hydrodynamic ascent rate in a well. Numerous studies have established a strong dependence of the AR hydrodynamic pressures arising in the borehole on the speed of performing STR, and this is due to the need to limit the speed modes of descent and ascent.

The calculation of the allowable 1-1-th speed of lifting the drill string is performed in the device according to the formula

 &

1, () 1 0.00555 TJ

(14)

0

five

0

45

50

tivly parameters of the column and well signals are received, proportional to: dj - to the second input, 1) - to the third input, fl h and the fourth input, 1st - to the 5th input, d g, - to the sixth input; signals dy, D, c1c, dg, are fed to the combining first and second inputs of multipliers 69–72, respectively; the signals that are proportional to d, D, dj ,, d are generated at the outputs of the latter (from the multiplier 69 output to the first input (non-inverting) element 75 subtracting, to the second input (inverting) which the signal d comes from the output

D j q

the multiplier 72, and the signal (d - d c), taken from the output of the subtractor 75, is fed to the second input of the divider 79, at the first input of which

l

signal D is set, taken from the output of multiplier 70. At the output of divider 79, a signal is generated proportional to (. (Equation 17), the latter is fed to the first input of multiplier 67 and the input of the raising element 82, to the output of which a signal U is generated, fed to the second input of the multiplier 65. On the first to the seventh Bxojibi of the node 89 of the calculation of the equivalent length (Fig. 7.8), signals are given:

lp

dy - From the output of the multiplier 69, D - from the output of the multiplier 70, d - from the output of the multiplier 71, 1y - actual length ym Г | urnp and the column - from the output multiplexer 85, d, - from the second pass of block 7, I) - from the third input of block 7 and d (- from the fourth input of block 7. The first inputs (non-inverting) of elements 90 and 91 of the subtraction from the second input of node 89 receive a signal 1), and the first inputs (non-inverting) of elements 92 and 93 subtractions are from the sixth entry r R. To the second entrances (inventory) of the elements 90-93 are subtracted from the first, third, fifth and seventh inputs of node 89 to 2. ABOUT

signals d, d, d LJ are given, respectively, so that at their outputs signals are generated, proportional to 9 2

The differences are D - d, D - d, D - d D - du, respectively. The latter are served: at the first input of the divider 94, the second input of the divider 94 and the second output of the node 89, the first divider

95, the second input of the divider 95. At the outputs of the dividers 9D and 95, signals are formed that are proportional to

(dJ) / (dy) and (I) - A,} / (D-dy) supplied respectively to the combined first and second inputs of the multiplier 97 and the first input of the multiplier

96, to the second input of which signal 1 is applied: from the fourth input of node 89. The first and second input 1.1 of multiplier 98 receive signals from the outputs of multipliers 97 and 96, respectively. A signal proportional to 1 hour (16) is output from the output of multiplier 98, on the first exit node 89.

The signal 1y, er is supplied to the second input of the adder 63 (FIG. 7), where it is summed with the signal from the output of the subtraction element 74 to its first input. The function of calculating bc is carried out by subtracting element 74 by subtracting a signal proportional to the length of the semiconductor block lu to the current I "

the moment of time that is served with

output of multiplexer 85 to the second input (inverting) element 74, from a signal proportional to the full length of the drill string in the borehole L | 4, which is fed to the first (non-inverting) input element 74 from the output of DAL 62, i.e. L | L - ly. The analog signal L is removed from the input of the DAC 62, the input of which from the output of the converter 61 of the code receives the signal 1- | (1) in binary code, obtained from the signal) input0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

unit 7 from the output of computing unit 2; the colliders are sent to the first input and are fed to the neiiBbrii information input X2 of the multiplexer 85 and the first input of the comparator 86, the second input of which and the second information input XI of the multiplexer 85 permanently present a signal from the fifth input block 7, proportional to lue. Comparator 86 checks the condition of condition b 5 and its output signal supplied to the first address input A1 of multiplexer 85 controls the operation of the latter. If the condition is fulfilled (the entire column consists only of Y1) T) signal 1 from the output of comparator 86 is fed to the first address input A1 of multiplexer 85 (second row of table 1), which connects its output to the first information input X2, while at the output of the multiplexer 85, and thus a signal proportional to 1 L) LU is established at the second input of the subtracting element 74 and the fourth input of the node 89. In the event of non-fulfillment of the condition (all the drill collars are in the well, except for them are drill pipes), the signal O from the output of the comparator 86 connects the output of multiplexer 85 (the first row of the table) to the second information flow XI, with the output of multiplexer 85 a signal is set that is proportional to 1Hz 1y with a signal from the output of adder 63, proportional to LJ according to the formula (15), is fed to the first inputs of multipliers 66 and 64, the signal of 32,23 ° is fed to the second input of the last input from the output calculation element 81; you, whose input receives a signal proportional to T, from the eleventh input of block 7 The signal from the output of multiplier 64 is fed to the first input of multiplier 65, the output of which produces a signal proportional to 32, 23. c. supplied to the second input of the divider 77, to the first input of which a signal proportional to the value (AP -o) taken from the output of the subtraction element 76 is fed to the first and second (inverting) inputs of the last receives signals from the first output (output X) of the dual multiplexer 84, proportional to DR, signal from setpoint 87 confidence interval rooTFiGTrTBexHt). (the shaft from the output of the divider 77 is fed to the second input (inverter) of the subtracting element 73, to the first input of which a signal is sent from the voltage level setting unit 88 1. At the output of the subtracting element 73, the signal is proportional to

DRO -8

 °

which is fed to the input of the logarithm element 83. The signal from the output of the logarithmic element 83, proportional to the value (-In A / 1, 808), is fed to the first input of the divider 78, to the second input of which a signal is given, cv Qt from the output of the multiplier 67, to the second input of the last signal proportional to the current value sleep 0 arrives from sleep calculator 20 via the fourteenth input of block 7. From the output of divider 78, the signal is proportional to the allowable lifting speed Vpp according to (14), is fed to the first output of block 7 calculating the allowable speed by hydrodynamic conditions.

A signal proportional to L, from the output of the multiplier 66 to the second input of which receives the signal J from the second output of the setter 19 of washing liquid parameters through the twelfth input of block 7, is fed to the first input of the divider 80, to the second

the input of which is supplied with a signal (D - dj) from the second output of the equivalent length calculation unit 89. The output of the divider 80 generates a signal proportional to (D - Lz) / 33 LKe 2 arriving at the first input of the multiplier 68, to the second input of which receives the signal jrp from the second output (output Y) of the dual multiplexer 84. The signal from the output of the multiplier 68, proportional to the allowable descent rate, US g (18), goes to the second output of block 7.

From the output of the unit 18 permissible hydrodynamic pressures (Fig. 1), the following signals are received at the inputs of block 7 (Fig. 1.7): U RP, to the seventh input, LR dvpl eighth input, Drs.n and the ninth input, dP A6PD dec the third input, which is supplied respectively to the first (input XI), the second (input X2), the fifth (input Y1) and the input (input Y2) infor

s 0 5

0

five

Q

0

five

the mathioic multiplexer 8D multiplexer, the operation of KOTopoi o controls the signal, p, arriving at its first address input A1 from the output of tadatchik 8 transition to optimization with HDPE through the thirteenth input of unit 7, Under normal conditions of well wiring at input A1 - O (the first row of the table), the outputs of the dual multiplexer 84 are connected to the first and the fifth information inputs (XI and Y1), therefore the signal DFr f is set at the first output (output X), and cm is outputted at the second output (output Y). A formation dissection with an ABPD at input A1 sets signal 1 (second stage of the table), which leads to the connection of the outputs of the dual multiplexer 84 to the second and sixth information inputs (X2 and Y2), therefore on its first and second outputs the signals are set, respectively, to the LVR YVP yR (., d (1 | PD). Thus, block 7 automatically proceeds from the calculation of the allowable velocity by hydrodynamics under normal conditions of well placement to the calculation of the allowable speed of the STR in the conditions of the opened or opened AHPD zones.

A signal proportional to the current value of the CHC 0 is fed to the fourteenth input of block 7 from the output of the CHC calculation block 20, KOTopbrfi for each lifted candle generates a signal d. f (tpp .;), where rp, is the time of simply washing liquid before lifting the i-th candle. The latter is calculated by the time calculating unit 6 (Fig. 1 and 11) simply by the totality of the signals arriving at its first and second inputs from the output of the column 2 calculating length of the column and the second output of the setpoint generator 5 of the STR direction, respectively.

After completing the next slotting, the first input of the time calculating unit 6 (Fig. 11) simply sends the signal LI cKe, unit 2, it arrives at the input of the code converter 137, at the output of which the signal bk (7) is generated - the binary code supplied to the first input the memory element 139 and the second inputs of the comparators 135 and 136. Since the first input of the comparator 135 is constantly set to the signal O, it checks the condition lj o, at which the output is set to I. otherwise. O. After the end of drilling, sk O signal is given from the output of the comparator 135 to the first input (input R) of the trigger 134 and the output of the element HE 141 from the output of the last signal 1 is fed to the second input (input D) of the trigger 134; After the completion of the pre-rinsing well, the driller presses the lift button 33 (Fig. 4) 5 of the direction of the SSW, the signal 1 from the second output of the latter comes through the second input of block 6 to the third input (input C) of the trigger 134, on the leading edge of this signal the trigger 134 is set, the signal 1 from its output enters the input of the timer 132 and starts the last, C timer 132 exit for at At the time of raising the drill string from the well to the second input (the resolution input is recorded at the first input of the memory element 14, the signal proportional to time simply increases in magnitude. At the expiration of 1 min from the beginning, just a pulse with

b) of the memory element 139, the first 2 outputs of the element AND 143 is fed to

the input (input +1) of the counter 133 and the input of the frequency divider 138 receive a sequence of single pulses with a duration of 5-10 μs from the period t; (p) / t П2.

house t ,, 5 s (fi3j l / tij2 0.2 Hz)

From the output of the divider 138, pulses with a duration of 5-10 μs with periola, g 60 s 1 min, arrive at the first input of element AND 143. For each single pulse arriving at the second input of element 139, the current length of the column is remembered. A signal proportional to L., i (m

 0,1,2,3 ,, .. - the number of the pulse generated by timer 132 from the moment it was turned on) from the output of timer 132 is fed to the first input of comparator 136, the latter checks the condition L to b. in the time interval T, j2 5, s, m, e, it removes whether the traveling block of the drilling rig is moving or not, in other words, whether the washing liquid is mixed in the well or is at rest. In the event of fulfillment of the condition (simple), signal 1 is set at the third output of comparator 136 (output) and is fed to the second input of AND 143, in case of non-fulfillment of the condition (the string alternates in the well), signal 1 appears either at the first output (output c), either at the second output (output) of the comparator 136, which is fed to the first

thirty

35

40

45

50

55

the second input (the resolution input of the storage element 140 is stored, and the binary number proportional to tnp is stored in it. Q Meanwhile, the output signal of the counter 133 continues to increase in magnitude and every minute simply updates the time-increasing signal about the proportional t pp Q, comes from the output of the memory element 140 to the output of the block 6. At the moment of moving the drill string from the spot (the beginning of the 1st lifting cycle) L begins to change in time, at the third output (output) of the comp smack with O, which prohibits the entry of information into memory element 140 and the output of the last signal t pr.o is saved until the beginning of the next, simply following the completion of the rise of the 1st candlestick. The first signal 1 from the first output of the comparator 136 goes to the second input (input R) of the counter 133 and its output zero. The zeroing of the counter 13 will then take place during the entire lifting time of the 1st spark plug. After setting the drill string to the wedge, the auxiliary works of the 1st cycle begin to perform, the flushing fluid in well coming into a resting state, begins

LK signal does not change in

.t

or the second inputs of the element Ш1И 142, and from the output of the last - to the second input (input R) of the counter 133. After the circulation of the flushing fluid stops and the button 33 is pressed by the driller. Lifting the drill string and flushing fluid in the well are at rest

the moment of the beginning of the podgyem of the first candle for some time tn p, this time is calculated by the block 6o. Since the column is stationary, 1 is present at the third output of the comparator 136 and the second input of the element

And 143. The pulses from the output of the timer 132 arrive at a frequency of 0.2 Hz at the counting input of the counter 133 and summed therein, at the output of the counter 133 connected to the first input of the memory element 140, the signal proportional to time simply increases in magnitude. At the expiration of 1 min from the beginning, just a pulse with

output element And 143 enters

0

five

0

five

0

five

the second input (recording resolution input) of the memory element 140 and in the latter a binary number proportional to tnp is stored. Q Meanwhile, the signal at the output of the counter 133 continues to increase in magnitude and after every minute just the contents of the memory element 140 is updated, the signal increasing in time, proportional to t pp Q, comes from the output of the memory element 140 to the output of block 6. At the moment of moving the drill string from its place (the beginning of the 1st lifting cycle) L begins to change in time, at the third output (output) of the comp is O, which prohibits further recording of information in memory element 140 and, at the output of the latter, the signal t pr.o is stored until the beginning of the next, simply following the completion of lifting the 1st candlestick. The first signal 1 from the first output of the comparator 136 goes to the second input (input R) of the counter 133 and zeroes its output. The reset of counter 133 will then be performed during the entire time the 1st candle is lifted. After putting the drill string on the wedge, the auxiliary work of the 1st cycle begins to be performed, the flushing fluid in the well comes to a state of rest, begins

LK signal unchanged by .t

Therefore, i is set at the third output, (output) of the comparator 136. Counter 133 starts again the summation of pulses arriving at its first input (+). Every minute, the information from the output of the counter 133 is read and recorded in the memory element 140, the output of the block 6 generates a signal t in binary form proportional to the time of just liquid in the 1st cycle. Similarly, block 6 operates in any i-M lift cycle, at its output, a t pp signal is generated that is proportional to the time of just the fluid in that cycle. At the moment of extraction of the last candle from the well, the formula (8) to the second input of the comparator 135 receives a signal T. Oh, and 1 appears at its output, which goes to the first input (input R) of the trigger 134 and zeroes its output, which causes timer 32 to stop and all other elements of block 6 to stop working. Signal O is set at the second input (input D) of trigger 134, Block 6 will enter into operation only at the beginning of the next period of lifting the drill string from the well.

At the initial moment of the i-ro lift cycle, the signal tpp, comes in to the third input of the CHC calculation unit 20 (Fig. 12). proportional to the time of just flushing fluid in the well after completion of the recovery of the previous (1-1) st candle. This signal is fed to the input of NAL 144, and from its output the signal t: p,., In analog form is fed to the input of the element 1A5 of logarithmization.

Processing the experimental material led to the conclusion that the most accurate (with an error of less than 5-7%) experimental data on the determination of the dependence of the SNA of the washing liquid on the time it was at rest are described by the expression

0 f (tpp) A + B-lg (tnp), Pa,

(nineteen)

where t pp is the time of just the washing liquid, min. , B 0,0 -9, - coefficients. Pa, easily determined from the measured SNA values of 0, and 0, Q. The operation of block 20 is based on the calculation of b by law (19).

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

From the output of the logarithm element 145, a signal proportional to lg (t. ,,) is fed to the second infop, the ion input X2 of the multiplexer 146 and the first input of the comparator 147, the second input of which has the O signal. The comparator 147 checks the condition lg (t (, p) BO. If this condition is fulfilled, the signal 1 from the first or second output of the comparator 147 is fed to the first or second inputs of the OR element 151, and from the output of the last signal 1 goes to the first address input A1 of the multiplexer 14fS (second row of the table ) which connects the CBOI I output to The second information input X2 and the first input of multiplier 148 from the output of multiplexer 146 are given a signal: T proportional to lg (). In case of non-fulfillment of the condition (IgCtnp j,) P, i.e. (tnp,; .., 1 min), input A1 of multiplexer 146 is set to signal O (the first row of the table). Signal O from the first information input XI of multiplexer 146 is fed to the first input of multiplier 148. The second input of multiplier 148 from the output of subtractor 150 receives a signal proportional to the value of the coefficient B - d (s S, the latter is formed from signals 9.0 and S ,, posluyutsih n and the second and first (inverting) inputs, respectively, of the subtraction element 150 through the second and first inputs of the block from the fourth and third, respectively, outputs of the setter 19 of the washing liquid parameters (Fig. one). The signal b is also fed to the second input of the adder 149, the first input of which receives the signal B)) ilg (,) from the output of the multiplier 148. From the output of the adder 149, a signal proportional to (9 is fed to the output of the block 20. Thus, at the output of block 20, there is always a signal proportional to the true onset) SNS of the flushing fluid in CKpaAiiiie

b |, subject to change in magnitude

this parameter, depending on the time, is simply flushing fluid in each i-M cycle of lifting the drill string.

during the AtoN process, the first to sixth inputs of the speed optimization unit 12 (Fig. 1.9) are received from the outputs of the Hayju.nnii rational speed unit 11, the speed calculation unit 7 according to hydrodynamic conditions and the setpoint 9 hazardous intervals the following signals:

 n rpc

the first input, Vp „,, ц - to the second input V 1 J, - to the third input, v. - to the fourth input, v p, - to the fifth input and - to the sixth input. Moreover, depending on the direction of the STR process, the ascent or descent, only one of the signals from the rac from the rac is zero to the first or second inputs of the block 12. The signals v and с о (have a level corresponding to the maximum possible launching speed of 2.5 m / s, always when it misses the dangerous intervals of the well entered in unit 9 (Fig. 17). If the current column length is L1 falls on one of the dangerous intervals e (e 1,2,3, ...), then from the first and second outputs of the sensor 9 to the fifth and sixth inputs of the block 12, signals are proportional to the specified ascent and descent rates interval v d ,, g and VPQP g. At the same time, a signal appears at the third output of the setting device 9, arriving at the first input from 16 hazard intervals, which is accompanied by the turning on of the light panel Hazardous interval and a sound signal, the latter are removed after passing through the bottom of the dangerous well interval.

Block J2 (fit. 9) analyzes the values arriving at its inputs for permissible speeds according to different technological conditions and transmits the minimum of them to its output; the latter is for a given SPE time the optimal speed — the maximum possible speed with the current set of constraints

The lifting and lowering speed optimization function is performed respectively: the lifting speed optimization unit 95 and the lowering speed optimization node 100 (Fig. 9).

During the lifting of the drill string, the first and third inputs of node 99 receive signals Vn.pom, r h i.on, respectively. Signal v p is fed from the second input of node 99 to the first inputs of comparator 101 and multiplexer 103 (inf. Input XI), and the signal

0

five

0

v. is supplied from the third input of node 99 to the second inputs of the comparator 101 and multiplexer 103 (input X2). The comparator 101 checks the condition of the UP, V VPI Q condition. If the condition is fulfilled, the signal 1 from the output of the comparator 101 is fed to the third input (addr. A1) of the multiplexer 103, while the output Vp, 103 (, "From the second input (input X2). If the condition Vpp n on is satisfied, then on the third input (input A1) of multiplexer 103 a signal O appears, which results in the output signal Vp p from the first input ( input XI) of the multiplexer 103 ,, Ie at the output of the multiplexer 103 there is the smaller of the compared signals

five

five

0

Or v

p, op

which is fed to the first inputs of the comparator 102 and multiplexer 104 (inf. input XI). The second comparator 102 and multiplexer 104 (input X2) are given a Vp.dts signal from the first input of node 99. Let, for example, the output of the multiplexer 103 be a signal Y, then the comparator 102 checks the condition Q, traffic signal, the Comparator 102 and multiplexer 104 operate similarly to comparator 101 and multiplexer 103. At the output of multiplexer 104, a signal is generated that is proportional to the minimum of the compared speeds, for example, which goes to the output of node 99 and the first output of block 12 - v ". During the descent of the drill string similarly works node 100 to optimize the speed of descent. V (.. onr

0

five

from the output of the latter, goes to the second output of block 12. During descent, there is a signal only at the second high end of block 12, and when it is raised only at the first exit, the other output is zeroed.

A signal proportional to the optimal speed of the descent and ascent is supplied (Fig. 1) from the first and second outputs of the speed optimization unit 12 to the same inputs of the pointer 15 of the speed of the traveling block, and the third input of which receives a signal from the output of the actual descent to ascending speed 3. Both speeds are displayed on the pointer 15, which allows the driller to compare them and affect the organs

control of the lifting and braking systems of the installation, to maintain an optimal run-up mode, for which it is necessary to reapply the condition V (p onr When Vq, .. Vg, technical and economic indicators for SPO deteriorate, and the mode when v is potentially emergency, and therefore unacceptable, In this mode, the pointer 15 forms an audio signal.

The signal from the first output of block 12, proportional to Vp, (jnri is fed to the second input of block 13 for calculating the optimal positions of the pulley block (Fig. 1), to the first input of which receives a signal n from output DV4. From the set of input signals, block 13 calculates optimal positions of the traveling block, in which it is necessary to disconnect the drive engine, drawworks and operational ПЯТМ at the end of the lifting of the drill string for the length of the candle, so that the loaded traveling block stops at the position A KB when unscrewing the lower locking connection of the raised candle. To maintain the process of stopping the loaded block block in the optimum mode, the engine and the winch winder must be turned off in the following positions

7

0.37 IT (le.eVvy..n S,

R

M

" (20)

1 TO 1

m G 1 -0.35 5d, m;

 "St (21)

where poison is the path that the column lock must travel from the moment the engines are turned off to the entrance to the battery key zone, m; S l, - the same, to disable the MSS, m; IT is the multiplicity of the pulley system; R is the average radius of winding of the rope on the winch drum, m Vy.i.n having set the lifting speed of the loaded traveling block, m / s; 1pr moment of inertia of the drive, T | M-, 1 6, in the slave shaft of the winch,, s; , В ,, К, С - coefficients;

M

, R- (Q + QT) ir, t, m (22)

static moment of load on the winch shaft, ton m 1 - efficiency of the taleted system b11.

KoMefiT inertia of the drum shaft is a constant value, and the moment of inertia of the drive varies from one speed to one another, i.e. 1 pp f (Vp), for example, for installations Uralmash-ZL and Uralmash-ChE;

Q

5 0 5 Q

five

6. in

 0.15 mS; I pr 2.5; 1, 7;

0, e, 0; 0.30; 0.15. 1, II, III, IV and V speeds, respectively. The operation of block 13 is based on the implementation of dependencies (20) - (22).

The Up signal is supplied from the first input of the block 13 to the second input of the adder 105 (Fig. 10), the first input of which is supplied with a signal proportional to Q from the unit 121 of the weight of the moving part of the pulley system. Coe |}) gain factors over the inputs of the adder 105 are selected in such a way that at its output a signal proportional to M p- (formula 22) is formed, which is fed to the first input of the adder 1O and the second input of the divider 108, to the first input of the last is fed the output signal of the generator 122 constructive ratio of the pulley system, proportional to K t 0 ,. At the output of the divider 108, a signature K is generated which is fed to the first input of the multiplier 110, and the signal proportional to .1

ns V

rt.onr

from the output of the multiplier 112,

on the combined first and second inputs of which the signal is received

0

,

item wholesale

through the second input of block 13

from the first output of block 12. The KKT VP.OHT / MCT signal from the output of multiplier 110 is fed to the first input of multiplier 111, the second input of which receives the signal Inp Tg from the output of adder 107, obtained from the signals I p and Ig c coming to its first and the second inputs from the outputs, respectively, of the switch 131 and the unit 124 of the moment of inertia of the drum shaft. The switched inputs 1,3,5,7 and 9 of the switch 131 receive signals from setters 125-129, respectively, proportional to Ipp.r, I, etc. Inplir I f p I

 . The five even control inputs of the switch 131 receive signals from the outputs of the selectors 115-119 amplitude, respectively, to the third inputs of which a signal is sent, and ,, Vn.enT from the second input of the block

13. The first and second inputs of each selector are supplied with the signals 11 and U from the outputs of the voltage divider 130, the last voltage, with the reference voltage U ,, coming to its input from the output of the reference voltage generator 120.

The reference voltage is proportional to the maximum possible lifting speed, i.e. ". 2.0 m / s, the 130 Rj-Ry splitter resistors are chosen so that the voltages at points T-IV are proportional to the lifting speeds on the I-IV transfer of the winch drive speed box, i.e. Uj v,

 llt .tlT i4 n. Ix

The signal UQ 0 from the first output of the divider 130 is fed to the first input selector 115, U j- from the second output to the second input of the selector 115 and the first input of the selector 116, lJjj from the third output to the second input of the selector 116 and the first input of the selector 117, U. JJ from the fourth output to the second input of the selector 117 and the first input of the selector 118, lli-v from the fifth output to the second input of the selector 118 and the first input of the selector 119, U - from the neck of that output to the second input of the selector 119. Let computed v, opt is such that v „v ,,, v ,, then Uj UJ and jj and for selector 1 1 7 the condition U, is fulfilled, which results in y hold is reached on the output signal 1 and the output connection of the switch 131 to the fifth input, the output of the switch 131 is set signal I pp Tppjfj, switch 131 operates similarly for other values of v

The output of the multiplier 111 generates a signal proportional to S. (formula 20), which is fed to the second input (inverting) of the subtraction element 113 and to the second output of the block 13.

The second input of the adder 106 receives a signal from the setpoint 123 of a constructive copLG; and the KSHM C patient, which leads to the appearance at the output of the adder 106 of a signal proportional to the value of K, M ,, - i- C supplied to the first input of the divider 109, to the second the input of which receives a signal of the UN Q Q from the second input of block 13. At the output of the divider 109, a signal is generated that is proportional to the value B

g

five

0 5 o Q

with

five

0

AT,. (K - C) supplied to the input of the G14 element of logarithm, and the signal InB / (v from the last output to the first input of the subtracting element 113. From the output of the 13 subtracting element, a signal proportional to SM (formula 21) is fed to the first output of the block 13.

Signals S and Poison from the first and second outputs of block 13 (Fig. 1) are sent to the same inputs of the pointer 14 of the position of the traveling block, the third input of which receives a signal about the actual position of the traveling block S (t) from the output of D1TB 1. All input signals are displayed on pointer 14, which allows the driller to compare them and, at the required time, turn off the engines (S (t) Poison) and CRM (S (t) I „) and the winch belt brake, realize the optimal stop of the loaded block block without time consuming to fit the column lock Well, the key battery, with a minimum of physiological work under braking and the low band brake wear,

The proposed device, in contrast to the known, allows optimization of the SPO speed with allowance for the hydrodynamic conditions in the well, which is calculated according to the current value of the static shear stress of the washing fluid, varying from the lifting cycle to the cycle, depending on just drilling mud time in the previous lifting cycle. Adaptation calculates the allowable lifting speed for hydrodynamic conditions to change the SNF of the drilling fluid in the well, carried out by the device during each lifting cycle of the drill string by the candle length, allows reducing the lifting speed with increasing time just in the previous lifting cycle or, conversely, increasing the speed recovery while reducing the time of just flushing fluid in the well and thereby eliminating the influence of the structure formation process occurring in the drilling fluid, on the magnitude of hydrodynamic critical pressures occurring in the borehole while lifting the boring tool. With this adaptive computation of admissible

hydrodynamic lift speeds at any SPO rhythm (for any simple x in lift cycles) the hydrodynamic pressure value in the well does not exceed the allowable LR value. This ensures the elimination of complications and accidents when performing open pit boreholes in wells with highly permeable formations and zones with high pressure loss and increasing the reliability of drilling operations in general.

In addition, in the case of well-coordinated work of the members of the drill watch on the serviceable and well-established running and underground equipment of the drilling rig during the lifting of the drill string, when the time of just a well in each cycle does not exceed 2-3 minutes, the adaptive calculation of the allowable lifting rate by hydrodynamic conditions allows to increase the labor productivity at SPO by increasing the speed of lifting the column.

A more accurate determination of the equivalent length of a string in a well, carried out by a unit for calculating the allowable speed by hydrodynamic conditions, contributes to an increase in the accuracy of determining the allowable down-lift speeds.

Claims (5)

Invention Formula 1 s A device for optimizing launching operations in drilling, containing a block for calculating optimal positions, two outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the position indicator of a traveling block, a displacement sensor for a traveling block, two outputs of which are connected to the corresponding column; and with the third and fourth inputs of the pointer of the position of the traveling block, the weight sensor on the hook, the output of which is connected to the first inputs of the blocks for calculating the rational speed and optimum positions, as well as, the third input of the column length calculation unit, two outputs of the rational speed calculation block are connected to the corresponding inputs of the speed optimization unit, the output of the column length calculation block is connected to the inputs of the column length indicator, sets of dangerous intervals and the transition to optimization with abnormally high reservoir pressure five 0 five 0 five 0 five 0 five Lenin, as well as to their first Ldu blush calculation of admissible velocity under hydrodynamic conditions, two outputs of which are connected to the third and fourth inputs of the Speed Optimization Clock, the first, second and tristiy outputs of the setpoint of the dangerous intervals are connected respectively to the fifth and sixth inputs of the block optimization of speed and with the first input of the detector of dangerous internal, the right output of the speed optimization unit is connected to the first input of the speed indicator of the traveling block and the second input of the calculator of optimal positions, The second output of the speed optimization unit is connected to the corresponding input of the speed indicator of the traveling block, five outputs of that / atomic constructive parameters and wells and four outputs of the setter of acceptable hydraulic pressures are connected to the second - tenth inputs of the calculation unit valid velocity under hydrodynamic conditions, nepBfi i and the second outputs of the paramrtro master; the flushing fluid is connected to the eleventh and twisted; c.1yg.1 input; - the computing unit is allowed ccipvic under hydrodynamic conditions, the output of the setpoint for the transition to abnormally high; anomalously high; - the reservoir pressure is connected to the second input of the detector at dangerous intervals and with the thirteenth input of the calculation unit of the permissible speed under hydrodynamic conditions, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability j: a6oie when performing tripping operations on wells with high penetration layers and zoops with abnormally high by their reservoir pressures due to an increase in T (; total-tch calculation of permissible speeds for tripping according to microdynamic conditions), the device is equipped with a unit for calculating the actual speed, a sensor for running a running-and-running operation, a block Tg; simply and a static shear stress calculator, with the first and second outputs for moving the pulley block connected to the corresponding inputs; block, Btj are the actual speed numbers, the output of which is subclassed The third input and the third output are connected to the first and second inputs of the static shear voltage calculation unit, the output of which is connected to the fourteenth input of the allowable velocity calculation unit by hydrodynamic conditions. the first output of the setter of the direction of the boom operation is connected to the quarter input of the unit for calculating the length of the column, the output of which is connected to the first at entry time calculating unit simple, and the second output setpoint direction tripping operation is connected to the second input unit vgchisleni time just whose output is connected to the third input of the calculating block static shear stress: 2, The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the actual speed calculating unit includes a reversible binary counter, a timer, two triggers, a digital-analog converter, a delay element, a memory element, four AND elements and two OR elements, the output of the first trigger is connected to the first input of the second trigger, the first output of which is connected to the first inputs of the first and second elements And, and the second output to the first inputs of the third and fourth elements And, the outputs of the first and third elements And connected to the first inputs and, respectively, the first and second elements OR, the outputs of the second and fourth elements AND with the second inputs of the second and first elements OR, respectively, the outputs of the first and second elements OR with the corresponding inputs of a reversible binary counter whose output is connected to the first input of the memory element the output of the timer is connected with the second input of the memory element and through the delay element with the second input of the second trigger and the third input of the reversible binary counter, the output of the memory element is connected to the input of If the first input of the first trigger and the second inputs of the first and 0 five 0 five 0 five 0 five 0 five The third And elements are the first input of the block, the second input of the first trigger and the second inputs of the second and fourth And elements are the second pbw input of the block, the second output of the second trigger is the first output of the block, and the output of the digital-analog converter is the second output of the actual speed calculator, , 3, The device according to 1, about tl and - tea is that the time calculating unit simply contains a timer, a counter, a trigger, two comparators, a code converter, a frequency divider, two memory elements, the element is NOT, the element РИИИ and the element И, In this way, the first input of the first comparator is connected to the common wire of the unit, the output of the first memory element is connected to the first input of the second comparator, the first two outputs of which are connected to the corresponding input (named by the inputs of the ШИИ element, the output of the code converter is connected to the first input of the first memory element and second and first comparators, the output of the latter is directly connected to the first, and through the element NOT to the second inputs of the trigger, the output of the trigger via a timer connected to the first input of the counter, to the second input of the first memory element the input element And, the output of the PNI element is connected to the second input of the counter, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second storage element, the third output of the second counter is connected to the second input of the element And, the output of which is connected to the second input of the second storage element, wherein the input transducer code is a first input of a third trigger input - a second block input and output of the second storage member - yield calculating unit time simple, 4 "Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the static shear stress calculation unit comprises a digital-analog converter, a logarithm element, a multiplexer, a comparator, a multiplier, an adder, a subtraction element and an OR element, the first information of the multiplexer being connected to a common wire block, the output of the digital-to-analog converter through logarithmic element - with the first input of the comparator and with the second information input of the multiplexer, the third and fourth inputs of which are connected to the common wire of the block, the second input of the comparator is connected to the common wire of the block, the first and second outputs of the comparator - with the corresponding inputs of the OR element, the output of which is connected to the first address input of the multiplexer, the output of the multiplexer, the second address input of which is connected to the common wire of the unit, is connected to the first input of the multiplier, the output of the subtraction element is connected to the second the input of the multiplier, the output of which is connected to the first input of the adder, the first input of the calculation element and the second input of the adder are the first input of the block, the second input of the calculation element the second input of the block, the input of the diffraction analogue converter and the output of the block calculating static shear stress with 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the rational speed calculating unit contains a subtraction element, an adder, an amplitude selector, a divider, a comparator, a multiplexer, a dual multiplexer and setting devices, respectively, the maximum descent rate, the weight of the movable part of the pulley system, the maximum carrying capacity, weight candles, maximum lifting speed and power on the hook, while the first information input of the dual multiplexer is connected to the common wire of the block, the output of the setpoint of the maximum connection descent speed From the third to the seventh information inputs are connected to the common wire of the unit, the output of the power setting on the hook is connected to the first input of the divider, the output of which is connected to the first information input of the multiplexer and the first the input of the comparator, the output of the setpoint weight of the movable part of the pulley system is connected to the first input of the adder, the output of which is connected to the second input of the divider, the output of the setpoint maximum scab recovery connected to a second the input of the comparator and the BTOpfiW information input of the multiplexer, the third and fourth information | 1 e input. The ports of the unit are connected to the common wire of the block, the output of the compiler & torus is connected to the first address input of the multiplexer, the second address input of which is connected to the common wire of the block, the multiplexer output is connected to the eighth information input of the dual multiplexer, the outputs of the maximum load capacity and the weight of the candle are respectively with the first and 5 by the second inputs of the amplitude selector, the output of which is connected to the first address input of the dual multiplexer, prichs M, the second inputs, subtraction element and adder, and 0 and the third input of the amplitude selector are the first input of the block, the second address input of the dual multiplexer is the second input of the panel, and the first and second outputs of the double multiplexer are the corresponding outputs of the rational speed calculator. 6 ,, The device according to p. 1, of which is, then, the block of the number of permissible speed under hydrodynamic conditions contains a code converter, a digital-to-analog converter, a matrix mapper, nine multipliers, four subtractor element, four dividers, exponent calculation element, power exponent element, log element element, confidence interval setting unit, voltage level setting unit 1, equivalent length calculation unit, multiplexer T1, dual multiplexer and comparator, while the level setting output is the same Not 1 is connected to the first input of the first element, a cable whose output is connected to the input of a log-photo element, the output of the code converter is connected to the first information module MU, t-type multiplexer via the digital-analog converter, and the second BI-I-read element, the output of which is connected to the first input of the adder, the output of the first multiplier - with the first input of the second multiplier, the output of the first divider - with the second input of the first subtraction element, the output of the logarithm element - with the first input House second divider, the output of the adder 5 0 five 0 five with the inputs of the first and third multipliers, the third divider output — with the input of the exponential element and the first input of the fourth multiplier, whose output is connected to the second input of the second divider; the output of the third multiplier — with the first input of the fourth divider, whose output is connected to the first input the fifth multiplier, the output of the sixth multiplier is with the first input of the equivalent length computation node, the output of the seventh multiplier is with the first input of the third divider and the second input of the equivalent length calculator node, whose output is connected to the second input of the adder, the output of the eighth multiplier — with the third input of the computational node of equivalent length and with the first input of the third subtraction element, the output of the ninth multiplier — with the second input of the third subtraction element, the output of which is connected to the second input of the third subscriber, the output of the exponent computation element — with the second input of the first multiplier, the first output of the dual multiplexer, and the output of the master of the confidence interval, respectively, with the first and second inputs of the fourth element an, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first divider, the output of the erection element and the degree - with the second input of the second multiplier, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first divider, the second output of the dual multiplexer - with the second input of the fifth multiplier, the output of the comparator - with the first address the input of the multiplexer, the second address input of which is connected to the common wire of the block, the output of the multiplexer with the second input of the second subtraction element and the fourth input of the calculating node of equivalent length, the second output of which th from 5 0 5 Q Q five connected to the second input of the fourth divider, the converter input being the first input of the block, the fifth time of the equivalent length computation node, and the first and second inputs of the eighth multiplier — the second input of the block, the sixth input of the equivalent length calculating node, and the first and second inputs the seventh multiplier - the third input of the block, the seventh input of the computing unit of equivalent length, as well as the first and second inputs of the sixth multiplier - the fourth input of the block, the second comparator input and the second multiplex information input The ra, third and fourth inputs of which are connected to the common drive of the block are the fifth input of the block, the first and second inputs of the ninth multiplier are the sixth input of the block, the first and second information inputs of the dual multiplexer, the third and fourth information inputs of which are connected to the common wire units, are respectively the seventh and eighth inputs of the unit, the fifth and sixth information inputs of the dual multiplexer, the seventh and eighth information inputs of which are connected to the common wire of the unit - respectively nine m and the tenth block inputs, the input of the exponent calculation element — the eleventh block input, the second third multiplier input — the twelfth block input, the first address input of the dual multiplexer, the second address input of which is connected to the common wire of the block, is the thirteenth block input, the second input of the fourth the multiplier is the fourteenth input of the block, and the outputs of the second divider and the fifth multiplier are, respectively, the first and second outputs of the block for calculating the allowable velocity by hydrodynamic conditions. sr1 / gz jig FIG. five fig.b Fy FIG. eight Shig.Yu 158 m / s L s.rats 2.0 80120 Fig.15 FIG. 13 }} Ig. 160 200 t  .pou. 3.Q f Shch before 16 year