SU1486504A1 - Method of direct extraction of vegetable oils - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the oil industry, namely to · methods of direct extraction of vegetable oils. The aim of the invention is to reduce losses and improve the quality of the target product. The method involves grinding oilseeds, processing it with a mixture of gasoline, ethanol and water at a ratio of (6070) :( 10-25) :( 15:30) in the form of a direct emulsion (such as water in oil), and the water is pre-electroactivated and used for extraction its anolyte. 1 tab.

The invention relates to the oil industry and relates to methods of direct extraction of vegetable oils.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce losses and improve the quality of the target product.

The method is as follows.

Oilseeds are crushed and treated with a mixture of gasoline, ethanol and water at a ratio of 60-70: 10-25: 1530 in the form of a direct emulsion (such as water in oil), and the water is previously subjected to electroactivation and used for processing its anolyte.

Under the selected modes, contact of the oil raw material is ensured only with gasoline, which is the external phase of the emulsion. When the extractant is saturated with oil, the emulsion disintegrates into a two-phase miscella: a light gasoline phase enriched with lipids, and a heavy water-alcohol phase containing free fatty acids and suspended solids, which saves the process from excess energy costs for centrifugation and improves the miscella refining process . At the same time, due to the lack of direct contact of moisture with the material being processed, the quality of the oil and the meal improves, since lipid hydrolysis and activation of enzyme systems are excluded. In addition, the content of the toxic component of gossypol in cottonseed meal is reduced, and its shelf life is increased due to the disinfectant effect of the anolyte, which improves its feed quality. At the same time, the use of anolyte containing surfactants intensifies the transfer of fats to extractants by reducing the surface tension forces between the oil and the gel phase extraιω

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tiromaya material. The use of a mixture of solvents in the form of an emulsion also reduces the fire and explosion safety of the process, since the presence of small particles of water inside the extractant due to surface tension forces dramatically reduces the evaporation of the extraction of gasoline from the plants in the workshop. _ten

When limit content limits extractants reducing losses and improving plant oils quality is not achieved, since in this case the emulsion is not formed and the water 15 directly contacts the oilseed feedstock, which deteriorates oil extraction process from the raw material due to its swelling, and improves oil percentage Shro ^ta - . 20

Example. 100 g of cotton seeds are crushed with an oil content of 37.4% and humidity of 7.9%, the resulting mint is placed in a glass reactor with a capacity of 1.5 liters and treated with a straight '25 emulsion of gasoline, ethanol and water in a ratio of 60:10:30 subjected to electroactivation in a membrane electrolyzer with molybdenum electrodes at a voltage of 220 V 30 and used for the extraction of its anolyte, i.e. its part near the anode, saturated with negative ions with a pH of 10-12, Extraction is carried out at the ratio of solid and liquid phases $$

1: 1.5, with the number of extraction steps 6 and the duration of each step 10 minutes, at a temperature of 50 ° C (as at a higher temperature, the emulsion is destroyed). Dd split

phases after extraction is carried out by decantation. The oil yield is 97.7% (loss 2.3%), the solids content in miscella is 0.037%, the content in the oil meal is 1.37% and gossypol is 0.027%.

The results of the tests of the known and proposed methods depending on the parameters of the process and the type of raw materials are presented in Table 1.

As follows from the above data, using an emulsion of gasoline, ethanol and water as an anolyte for extracting vegetable oils at a ratio of 60-70: 10-25: 15-30 reduces the loss of the desired product: for cottonseed oil from 5 to 1, 3- 2.3%; for soybean oil from 1.75 to 0.35 - ¹ 0.49%, improve its quality by reducing the solids content in it, as well as reduce the oil content of the meal and reduce the content of gossypol in cottonmeal.

Claims (1)

Claim The method of direct extraction of vegetable oils, including grinding oilseeds and processing it with a mixture of gasoline, ethanol and water, differing from the fact that, in order to reduce losses and improve the quality of the target product, the solvent mixture is used in the form of a direct emulsion with a gasoline ethanol-water ratio 60-70: 10-25: 15-30, and the water is previously subjected to electroactivation, using for processing its anolyte. __________ -----------'--- 4 .--------- 1 ------------------'----- ---- ---------.four, Way extraction Type of oilseed raw materials The composition of the solvent,% Loss of oil % Content% Petrol Ethanol Anolyte water solid phase in miscella oils in shrot gossypol in the meal Famous Cotton 60 ten 30 (in five 0.24 2.32 0.027 all over Yes) seed 60 ten thirty 2.3 0.037 1.37 0,017 Proposed 60 20 20 2.18 0.021 1.19 ..0.011 60 25 15 1.49 0.047 0.73 0.09 65 15 20 1, 86 0.032 0.98 0.012 65 20 15 1, 67 0.044 0.79 0,0045 70 ten 20 1, 36 0.061 0.52 0,0093 70 15 15 1.31 0.064 0.49 0,008 five I486504 6 Table continuation Way extraction Type of oilseed raw materials Solvent composition, X Loss of oil % Content, 7, Petrol Ethanol Anolyte water solid phase in miscella oils in shrot gossypol in the meal • υ 1 Extreme composition of solvents 50 . 9 41 11.13 0.17 7.2 0.031 '80 9 eleven 4.75 0.11 2.04 0.024 Famous Soya 60 ten 30 (2.99 0.04 1.75 - the seeds Yes) Predpag 60 ten thirty 1.7 0.011 0.49 eatable 60 25 15 1.75 0,009 0.40 - 65 15 20 1, 61 0.021 0.37 - 70 15 15 1.58 0.027 0.35 - Beyond solvent composition 50 9 41 4.88 0.028 3.02 - • 80 9 eleven 2.34 0.031 1, 23 -