SU1485291A1 - Tutorial device on mechanics - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to educational devices in mechanics for the demonstration of physical effects - the law of conservation of the position of the center of mass and the kinetic moment relative to the fixed axis of the system of two interconnected bodies. The purpose of the invention is an increase in demonstration possibilities. device and increase visibility in the demonstration of conservation laws. ”The device consists of a trolley on wheels rotating (or fixed in a certain position) on the vertical axis of the gutter device and moving inside the spherical gap gutter. New in the device is the combination of the elements of the devices that serve to demonstrate various physical effects, and the use of the trough as the main working element of the device, the shaping line of which is the cycloid. 1 il.

The invention relates to devices and visual aids on mechanics for the demonstration of physical effects, namely the implementation of the laws of conservation of mechanics in the process of moving a system of interconnected bodies.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the demonstration capabilities of the device and increase visibility when demonstrating the laws of conservation in the system of two interacting bodies.

The drawing schematically shows the device.

The training device contains a trolley 1 on wheels, a node 2 fastening the vertical axis 3 of the chute, mounted on the trolley, a transparent chute 4 whose shaping line is a cycloid, a spherical body 5 for not moving inside the chute, a stop

screw 6 for fixing the plane of the gutter in a given relative to the trolley position, writing unit 7 for recording the amplitude of oscillation of the trolley.

The device works as follows.

When demonstrating the law of conservation of the position of the center of mass of the system of bodies, chute 4 is installed along the longitudinal axis of the trolley (or at an angle η to this axis when varying the conditions for demonstrating the effect) and is fixed in this position with a screw

6. A spherical body (ball) is lowered into the chute, which, moving in the chute, causes the trolley to move according to the equation

x = - - "- (Κό> - K- δΐηίΡ) · sozeb,

w + m ^{1 l}

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3

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four

where x is the coordinate of the center of gravity of the cart;

shea M - body rolling weight and carts with gutter;

K and φ are cycloid parameters;

βύ - the angle between the longitudinal axis of the cart and the plane of the gutter.

With isochronous vibrations of the ball inside the gutter, the cart with the gutter oscillates with amplitude

L ® G "* P!

= ¹¹ K'soaeb,

* t + m

which is easily fixed both visually and with a writing device 7.

To demonstrate the law of conservation of the kinetic moment of the two-body system relative to the fixed axis of the trolley 1, the chute is fixed motionless, and the axis of rotation 3 connected to the chute 4 is released. The ball 5 with the 'thread is fastened at the top trough, which then soobscha- 25 etsya some initial angular velocity of rotation _{about the} O · The combustion of the yarn and subsequent vibrations of the ball within the trough gutter angular velocity is changed in accordance with Axle

I + pk1

· Ω „

5 where i

th and <3

ABOUT

- the moment of inertia of the groove relative to the axis of rotation;

- the initial and current values of the distance from the center of gravity of the ball of mass w to the axis of rotation of the chute.

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Claims (1)

Claim Training device on mechanics, containing a trolley on wheels, a guide located on a trolley with a spherical body moving relative to it, and an indicator of trolley movement relative to the base, characterized in that, in order to broaden the demonstration possibilities and increase visibility when demonstrating conservation laws, the trolley has an axis of rotation , installed with the possibility of fixation in a given angular position, and the guide is installed along the axis and is made in the form of a groove, the shaping line of which is cycloid, depending30 ’