SU1467664A1 - Method of automatic control of power system parameters - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used to automatically adjust the parameters of the power system, in particular the flow of active power and frequency. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the process of automatic adjustment of power system parameters, as well as reduce wear of the adjusting equipment. For this, at each moment of time, the state of both regulated and unregulated parameters of the power system, i.e. those that are not directly controlled by system regulators. On the basis of this analysis, the composition of regulatory power plants is determined, which, by changing their load, suppress all deviations of the power system parameters existing at that moment, without worsening the state of any of them, and form control actions for power plants. adjustable parameter deviation functions. In case of insufficiently effective impact of the selected regulatory power plants on the adjustable parameters that do not suppress their deviations for a given time, stop taking into account the state of unregulated parameters and determine the composition of the regulatory power plants, the load change of which does not worsen the state of any of the regulated parameters of the Nbi energy system. 5 il. sl 05 O5 05 4

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used to automatically adjust the parameters of a power system, such as frequency, voltage, exchange power flow.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the process of adjusting the parameters of the power system and reducing the wear and tear of the regulating equipment.

Figure 1 shows the power interconnection scheme; in fig. 2 is a block diagram of a device implementing the method; FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the formation of a sign of the fate of a regulatory power plant (RES) in suppressing deviations of parameters; figure 4 - block diagram

314

the formation of coefficients (of the interest plot of the share plot (KDU) of the RES; figure 5 is the switch circuit.

Consider the implementation of the proposed method when it is used to automatically control the parameters of power interconnection, a simplified scheme of which is represented by a ring network connected to the Unified Power Grid by two external links at whose nodes the EFs are concentrated (Fig. 1). Fig. 1 shows A, B, C, D, E are transmission lines, with A and E being external links; REMs located in the nodes of the union, as well as the directions of the active power flows.

In such a direction of power flows, all the RESs have positive coefficients of the influence of the change in power on the power flows along. Lines L and E. For all other lines the following rule is true: a RES has a positive coefficient of influence on the flow along the line to the left of it, and a negative one - on the flow over the line to the right. For simplicity, we assume that the coefficients of the influence of each RES on the flows over all the lines are greater than the specified minimum value.

In the system under consideration, automatic flow restraints (AOP) are equipped with lines A and E, i.e. external relations of association. For the lines A and E, the setpoint limits are set, the flow beyond them through these lines causes the work of the AOP, with its control action changing the load on the radio-electronic network. In addition, for all the lines are set, the composition selection setpoints, for example, these can be dispatcher alarm set points.

Let the flow along the line E increase and exceed the limit setpoint. At the same time, the flow across the line C exceeded the setpoint for selection of the composition. Based on the formulated rule, the necessary directions for changing the load of each RES to suppress flow deviations along lines C and E are obvious. Obviously, to suppress deviations, along line E, all RESs must change their load in the direction of decreasing to suppress the deviations along line C Some RESs should change their load in the direction of increasing

cheni, and other RESs - in the direction of shine 1i. Thus, only the last XPS to suppress the deviation both along line C and along line E must change their load in the same direction. Therefore, the increments of control actions will be formed only by these RESs. A change in the load of these XPSs will simultaneously effectively suppress the deviations of the flows over the lines C and E. This increases the reliability and efficiency of the regulation process, since the oscillatory process of changing the flows and eliminating the .Q is eliminated.

-jn 25 m, d 40

45

35 m p

55

50

The wear of the equipment of XPS, since there is no need for a reverse load change.

The device (Fig. 2) contains, according to the number of adjustable parameters, the meter 1 of the adjustable parameter (RP), the comparison element 2, the second input of which is connected to the RP setpoint adjuster 3, the proportional-integral-differential controller 4 and the 5 fory unit - management of increments of the control action of the RES.

In accordance with the number of XPS, the device contains blocks 6 of forming the resulting control actions of the XPS, the inputs of each of which correspond to 5, and the output connected 7 of the power of the corresponding 1 are connected to the strokes of the blocks, with the Yushi controller of the RES.

In addition, the device contains, according to the number of RPs, a setpoint adjuster 8, a selector for the composition of the RP, switch 9, the first input of which is connected to the output of the sensor 8, and the second input is connected to the output of the setting device 3, the reference element 10, the first input of which is connected to meter 1, and the second input is connected to the output of switch 9.

The device also contains, according to the number of unregulated parameters (NP), the PN NP meter, the setting dial 12, the composition selection set for the NP, the comparison element 13, the first input of which is connected to the output of the meter 1, and the second input to the output of the dial 12, a controlled switch 14, the first input which is associated with the output of the comparison element 13.

The number of RP and NP device contains multipliers 15 signals.

for RP, the input of breeder Ib is connected with the output of comparison element 10, and for MP, the input of breeder 15 is connected to the output of controllable switch 14.

In addition, the device contains, according to the number of RESs, a switch 16, a block 17 for forming an indication of the fate of the RES in suppressing parameter deviations, and the inputs of the first block 17 through the first switch 16 are connected to the first outputs of the breeders 15, the inputs of the second block 17, respectively, to the second outputs of the breeders 15 and etc .; According to the number of RPs, the block of 18 forming the fractional share factors (KDU) of the RES, associated with the inputs to the outlets of the blocks 17, and the outputs connected to the inputs of the corresponding block 5. The device also contains according to the number of RPs the RP analysis time block 19 beyond the adjustment setpoint, the output of which connected with the exit

ten

input of the adder 30, the output of the adder 30 through a signal multiplier 31 is connected to the second inputs of the dividers 29, the outputs of the dividers 29 are simultaneously the output of the block

18.

The switch 16 (FIG. 5) contains a sensor 32 of the minimum influence coefficient, as well as RP and NP units in accordance with the number of switches 33 and controllable switches 34

The output of the setter 32 is connected simultaneously with the inputs of all the blocks 33. The first inputs of the switches 34 are 15 simultaneously the inputs of the switch 16, the second inputs are connected to the outputs of the respective blocks 33, and the outputs are simultaneously the outputs of the switch 16.

The method is carried out following

in a way.

With the help of setters 8 set the choice of composition for RP, and such that they should be less than 20

Comparison element 2, a logical scheme 25 more than the control setpoint, is set to OR 20, the inputs of which are connected to the respective setters of the outputs of the blocks 19, and the output is connected 3. By means of the setters 12,

Set selection settings for Ni. B

simultaneously to the third inputs of the switches 9 and the second inputs of the controlled switches 14.

Block 17 (fig.Z) contains the number of RP and NP amplifiers 21, amplifiers 22, amplifiers 23, as well as the adder 24, the adder 25, the logic circuit P 26 and the inverter 27.

The inputs of the amplifiers 21 are simultaneously the inputs of block 17, the output of each amplifier 21 is connected simultaneously with the input of the corresponding amplifier

22 and the input of the corresponding amplifier 23, the output of each amplifier 22 is connected to the corresponding input of the adder 24, and the output of each amplifier

23 is connected to the corresponding input of the adder 25, the first input of the circuit 26 is connected to the output of the adder 24, its second input is connected to the output of the adder, 25, and the output is connected to the input of the inverter 27, the output of the inverter 27 is simultaneously the output of the block

17

Block 18 (figure 4) contains the number of RES multipliers 28, dividers 29, as well as the adder 30 and the multiplier 31

As the composition selection settings for 30 RP and NP, you can accept, for example, dispatch alarm settings,

In the initial state, when none of the switchgear did not violate the control setpoint, each of the switches 9 closes the passage circuit to the input of the corresponding comparison element 10 from the output of the setting device 8, and the contacts of each of the controlled switches 14 are closed

35

40

position

When any of the PH or NP exits beyond the composition selection settings, non-zero signals appear on the outputs 45 of the corresponding elements 10 or 13 of the comparison. Each of these signals is propagated by a respective multiplier 15 and simultaneously enters the corresponding input of each of the mutators 16.

Switch 16 transmits a signal to its i-th output, or zeroes this signal if the coefficient is either 50 or less.

also the sum of lup vj and po-.i -.- “jv 4i - -,

signals. The inputs of the multipliers 28 owner - 55 № change power d-and RES on

at the same time, the inputs of block 18, the output of each y of the occupant 28 is connected simultaneously with the first input of the corresponding divider. 29 and the corresponding parameter is less than the specified minimum value.

The operation of the switch 16 is as follows.

ten

7664

input of the adder 30, the output of the adder 30 through a signal multiplier 31 is connected to the second inputs of the dividers 29, the outputs of the dividers 29 are simultaneously the output of the block

18.

The switch 16 (Fig. 5) contains a sensor 32 of the minimum influence coefficient, as well as RP and NP units in accordance with the number of switches 33 and controllable switches 34.

The output of the setter 32 is connected simultaneously with the inputs of all the blocks 33. The first inputs of the switches 34 are 15 simultaneously the inputs of the switch 16, the second inputs are connected to the outputs of the respective blocks 33, and the outputs are simultaneously the outputs of the switch 16.

The method is carried out following

in a way.

With the help of setters 8 set the choice of composition for RP, and such that they should be less than 20

composition selection rates for Ni. B

as settings for the selection of the composition for P and NP, you can accept, for example, the settings of the dispatching warning signal,

In the initial state, when none of the switchgear did not violate the control setpoint, each of the switches 9 closes the passage circuit to the input of the corresponding comparison element 10 from the output of the setting device 8, and the contacts of each of the controlled switches 14 are closed

position

When any of the PH or NP exits beyond the composition selection settings, non-zero signals appear on the outputs 45 of the corresponding elements 10 or 13 of the comparison. Each of these signals is propagated by a respective multiplier 15 and simultaneously enters the corresponding input of each of the mutators 16.

Switch 16 transmits a signal to its i-th output, or zeroes this signal if the coefficient is either 50 or less.

,

№ change power d-and RES on

The i-th parameter is less than the specified minimum value.

The operation of the switch 16 is as follows.

Using the setting device 32, the minimum value of the influence coefficient of the j-th RES () is set, which goes simultaneously to all blocks 33. The memory of the i-ro block 33 contains the value of the influence coefficient of the j-th RES to the i-th parameter of the energy system J ) (KVj;), If the value of KV j; more than the minimum, a control signal appears at the output of block 33, by which the i-th switch 34 closes the passage circuit to the output of the switch 16 of the deflection signal i-ro of the power system parameter. Otherwise, the output signal of the i-ro block 33 is absent The i-th switch 34 opens the corresponding circuit and a zero signal appears at the iM output of the switch 16.

Block 17 produces the formation of a sign of the fate of the i-th RES in the suppression of deviations of parameters. The operation of the j-ro of block 17 is carried out as follows.

Each of the amplifiers 21 has an amplification factor inversely proportional to the coefficient of the effect of the change in power of the jth RES on the ith parameter (1 / KVj;). A signal is fed to the input of amplifier 2, proportional to the value of the i-ro parameter deviation for the composition selection setpoint. Thus, the amplitude of the signal at the output of the amplifier 21 is proportional to the required change in load of the jth RES to suppress the deviation of the i-ro parameter, and its sign determines the direction of the required change in load of the jth RES,

The output signal from i-ro amplifier 21 is fed simultaneously to the input of i-ro amplifier 22 and i-ro amplifier 23. Amplifier 22 has a gain factor of 1 for positive signals and a gain factor of 0 for negative signals. Amplifier 23 has a gain factor of 1 for negative signals and a gain factor of 0 for positive so far. Thus, amplifier 22 transmits only positive signals to its output, and amplifier 2 only negative signals.

The signals from OUTPUT. The amplifiers 22 are summed: in the adder 24, and the signals from the outputs of the amplifiers 23 - in the adder 25. The signal at the output of the adder 24 will be proportional to the required

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

to suppress deviations of the parameters for the composition selection setpoints to change the power of the jth RES in the loading direction, and the signal at the output of the adder 25 to the discharge side. The presence of non-zero signals at the outputs of both adders 24 and 25 indicates that the combination of deviations of the DF and LR for the composition selection settings is such that in order to suppress one of them, an increase in the load of the j-th XPS is required, and to suppress the deviations of others, a decrease in its load. In this case, the j-RES can not participate in the suppression of deviations of the RP and NP. If at the output of at least one of the adders there is a zero signal, then j-RES can participate in suppressing deviations of the DF and LR, since for their suppression a change in its load is required only in one direction.

The AND circuit 26 generates a single signal at its output only if there are non-zero signals at both of its inputs. In any other combination of input signals, a zero signal is generated at the output of circuit 26.

The signal from the output of the circuit 26 is inverted by the inverter 27 and, thus, the output of the j-ro of block 17 will be a single signal if the j-th RES will be formed by incrementing the electromagnetic circuit, and the zero signal if it cannot.

The set of single signals at the outputs of all blocks 17 (CR:) determines the composition of the radio electronic system, which can be used to form the increment of the CW,

The signals from the outputs of each of the blocks 17 simultaneously arrive at the corresponding inputs of each of the blocks 18, where the KDU RES in the regulation of the K-th RP, is formed,

The work of the K-th block 18 is as follows.

Before putting the device into operation, the gain factors of the amplifiers 28 are entered into the KDU of the corresponding RESs in the regulation of the K-th RP, given from the condition of participation in the regulation of the last of all RESs (CD-). The input of the j-ro amplifier 28 receives a signal from the output of the j-ro block 17 (RC), which determines whether the j-th RES will increment the SUV. Thus, the output of the j-ro amplifier 28 will be a zero signal if j th RES will not generate an increment of SU B, and a signal proportional to the KLU of the jth RES (KD (x) sln jH of the RES will form an increment of the CMS.

The output from the j-ro amplifier 28 is fed simultaneously to the first input of the j-ro divider 29 and to the jth input of the adder 30. In the adder 30, the signals from the outputs of the amplifiers 28 are algebraically summed, the output signal of the adder is multiplied by a multiplier of the signals 31 and is fed to the second inputs dividers 29.

The divider 29 produces a division of the signal arriving at its first input to the signal arriving at its second input.

The signal at the j-ro output of the divider 29 will be proportional to the KDU value of the j-th RES () corrected outcome from the current composition of the RECs that can participate in the regulation, i.e. which can be formed increment SUV. The formation of the adjusted KDU value of the j-th RES is performed by block 18 in accordance with the expression

CD

J

e KD; - setpoint KDU

j-th RES in the regulation of the K-th parameter; the coefficient determining the participation of the j-th RES in regulation; the adjusted value of KDU j-th. RES.

4k

KR;

Thus, for RESs that can participate in regulation, new KDU values will be calculated, and for RESs that cannot participate in regulation, KDUs will be zero.

The calculated current values of KDU from the outputs of the K-th block 18 are fed to the outputs of the K-th block 5 of the formation of control elements of the RES. When the K-th RP goes out of the regulation setpoint, the controller 4 generates an increment of the control action, which is divided in block 5 in accordance with the calculated KDU, algebraically summed in the corresponding blocks 6 with the previously stored values of the EC of the j-th RES and enters

ten

20

a67664

the quality of the task on the controller 7 of the frequency of the j-th RES.

The requests for the CWS will be received only by those RESs that require a change in power in the same direction to suppress deviations of the RP and CPU for the composition selection settings.

 Thus, the contradictory impact of changing the load of the RES on various parameters of the power system, which have exceeded the setpoint of composition selection, is eliminated, and therefore, 15 oscillatory processes of changing the parameters and the load of the RES, and reducing equipment wear are eliminated.

Since the decrease in the number of RES involved in the regulation of the K-th RP, may result in the change of their load due to the finite value of dynamic characteristics and limited adjustment range, it will have 25 effective effects on the K-th RP in reducing its deviation for the regulation setpoint, it is necessary under these conditions to take measures to expand the composition of the radio electronic facilities participating in the regulation 30.

To this end, when the K-th RP goes beyond the adjustment setpoint, the signal from the output of the comparison element 2 is fed to the input of the K-th block 19. Analysis of the RP-finding time beyond the adjustment setpoint. If the zero signal at the input of block 19 exists for more than a specified time, block 19 generates a control signal that arrives at. the corresponding input of the logic circuit OR 20.

The circuit 20, when at least one of its inputs appears, produces a control signal at its output, which simultaneously arrives at the third inputs of each of the switches 9, causing the input circuit 10 to open. Comparison signal from the output of the setpoint 8 selection of the composition and the closure of the signal passage circuit from the output of the setter 3. The adjustment knob, and to the second inputs of the controlled switches 14, causing them to open,

Due to this, when determining the composition of radio-electronic devices involved in suppressing the deviation of the K-th RP, the accounting of the state of the NP is stopped, and for the WGT,

40

45

50

55

P, U

Only the presence of their deviations beyond the control setpoints. Thereby, an increase in the number of RES involved in the regulation and more effective suppression of SP deviation is achieved.

After suppressing all deviations of the RP at the outputs of all elements 2, compare

changes in the power of regulatory power plants as a function of the current deviation of the controlled parameter from the control settings, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability and efficiency of the process of adjusting the power parameters and reducing the wear of the regulator

there will be zero signals, with JQ of the equipment, additionally

blocks 19 also produce zero signals at their outputs. The circuit 20 in the presence of all its inputs of zero signals produces a zero signal at its output. By this signal, the switches 9 again close the signal path from the setting device 8 to the input of the comparison element 10, and the contacts of the controlled switches are closed. The device goes to its original state.

Thus, the use of the proposed method makes it possible to solve the problem of controlling the energy connection as a multidimensional object with associated variables and allows simultaneous automatic regulation of several parameters of the power system, taking into account the state of all controlled and unregulated parameters in the control process and does not lead to violation of stability and the occurrence of emergency situations. Since the use of the proposed method produces one-time effective suppression of all deviations of controlled parameters, the occurrence of oscillatory transients of changes in the parameters of the power system and the associated multiple reversible load changes of regulatory power plants are excluded.

15

20

25

thirty

35

40

measure unregulated parameters of the power system, set for adjustable and unregulated parameters of the power system, the composition selection settings adjusted from the control settings of the adjustable parameters and the maximum allowable values of the unregulated parameters by an amount multiple of the amplitude of irregular fluctuations characteristic of each parameter, determine the presence of deviations from each of the parameters for these settings, for each regulating power, determine the required direction of change of its power to suppress each of from commercially deviations zeroed deviation of the parameters, the coefficients effect changing the power of the regulating power which is less than a predetermined minimum value when regulated output. adjustable parameters set the increments of control actions only to those regulating power plants, each of which, to suppress all considered deviations of both regulated and unregulated parameters for the composition selection set, requires changing its power in the same direction control parameters beyond the control settings and, in the case of any of the control parameters,

All this contributes to the increase in the setpoint of regulating the power consumption and the efficiency of the process of regulating the parameters of the power system and reduces the wear and tear of the regulating equipment of power plants,

invention formula

50

For the first time, the deviations of the unregulated parameters are zeroed for the composition selection setpoints and the control actions are incremented by those power plants, each of which requires from one to one its power in the same direction to suppress the considered deviations of only the controlled parameters for the control settings,

A method for automatically adjusting power system parameters by measuring an adjustable parameter and

0

five

0

five

0

measure unregulated parameters of the power system, set for adjustable and unregulated parameters of the power system, the composition selection settings adjusted from the control settings of the adjustable parameters and the maximum allowable values of the unregulated parameters by an amount multiple of the amplitude of irregular fluctuations characteristic of each parameter, determine the presence of deviations from each of the parameters for these settings, for each regulating power, determine the required direction of change of its power to suppress each of from commercially deviations zeroed deviation of the parameters, the coefficients effect changing the power of the regulating power which is less than a predetermined minimum value when regulated output. adjustable parameters set the increments of control actions only to those regulating power plants, each of which, to suppress all considered deviations of both regulated and unregulated parameters for the composition selection set, requires changing its power in the same direction control parameters beyond the control settings and, in the case of any of the control parameters,

0

For the first time, the deviations of unregulated parameters are set to zero for the composition selection setpoints and the control actions are incremented by those power plants, each of which requires from 1-1 its power in the same direction to suppress the considered deviations of the regulated parameters for the control settings ,

Lig.}

 L

-and

H

Claims (1)

The claims of the change in power of regulatory power plants as a function of the current deviation of the adjustable parameter from the control settings, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability and efficiency of the process of regulating the parameters of the power system and reduce wear of the regulating feasting equipment, unregulated parameters of the power system are additionally measured, set for adjustable and unregulated parameters power systems, settings for the choice of composition, 15 detuned from the settings for regulating adjustable parameters, etc. of the permissible values of unregulated parameters by a multiple of the amplitude of irregular oscillations characteristic of each parameter, determine the presence of deviations of each of the parameters for these settings, for each regulatory power plant, determine the required direction and change its power to suppress each of the available deviations, zeroing out the deviations of those parameters, the coefficients of the influence of changes in power of this regulatory power plant which are less than the specified minimum value, when the output . of the controlled parameters at the control settings form the increments of the control actions only to those regulatory power plants, each of which, to suppress all the considered deviations of both regulated and unregulated parameters, changes to the power in the same direction are required to determine the composition time parameters beyond the control setpoints and, if any of the adjustable parameters is outside the control setpoint for longer than a specified time, zero deviations of unregulated parameters beyond the settings for the choice of composition and form increments of control actions for those regulatory power plants, each of which requires a change in its power in the same direction A method for automatically controlling the parameters of the power system by measuring an adjustable parameter and to suppress the considered deviations of only adjustable parameters beyond the control settings, FIG. 2 From the end of ta ra. L Fig. 3 £ Phi & Ch P ---------1 1 g ’To 1 -. ......> -----------> 33 X  > Fie 5