SU1463737A1 - Polymer composition for agricultural film covers - Google Patents

Description

I

The invention relates to polymeric compositions for coatings for agricultural purposes (s) based on polyethylene, activated with a mixture of luminescent europium complex compounds.

Polymer compositions for polyethylene based film coatings based on polyethylene containing 2% by weight of titanium dioxide or azrospa are known.

However, the use of additives to polyethylene intended for the production of coatings for agricultural purposes, along with imparting a useful property, is always accompanied by a deterioration in the transparency of the coating in the visible light region, which is unfavorable for the development of agricultural plants.

The closest set of features and effect achieved are polymer compositions for coating greenhouses and greenhouses based on polyethylene, or polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride clones, or polystyrene, or polymethyl methacrylate, or their copolymers, including an activator — chemical additives, which luminescently in the 580 area -760 nm complex compound tenoyltrifluoroacetonate (Eu (TTA) j-PEN), a complex compound of europium nitrate with 1,10-phenanthroline (Eu (MOZ) s PEN) (in amounts from 0.01 to 1.0% by weight of polymer for polyethylene).

Individual enropium compounds absorb ultraviolet light in

Od

Od

with

N |

a certain area and the transport of this energy into the red region of visible light in the form of luminescent radiation, thereby making chemical additions increase the ability of the coating to absorb solar ultraviolet radiation and give it the ability to emit diffuse red light. 3 | and this natural solar radiation penetrating through the coating becomes weakened in the region of: the UV component (absorption in the region of 350-380 nm is 90-99%) and enhanced in the region of the red component of visible light (the amount of light transparency in the region of AND-580-760 nm is 73-78%), the amount of UV-to-red transformation (|; this is 62-71%. The drawback of the invention is that - kbix of individual EuroCi compounds as an activator of the polymer-coating does not allow you to achieve high quality ro value of the transparency of the coating, since with increasing, the concentration of cin activator changes the optical properties of the polymer itself and its transparency decreases.

; The aim of the invention is to increase the transparency and stability of the luminescent properties of the coating in the visible region of the light and reduce the activator's consumption.

To achieve this goal, a polymer composition for film coatings of agricultural purpose based on polyethylene with the addition of an activator - complex compound tenoyltrifluoroacetate europium with 1.10-phenanthroline (I) as an activator additionally contains a complex compound of europium trinitrate with 1.10 -phenanthroline (II) and europium benzoyl benzoate complex compound with 4,4-dipyridyl (III) at a ratio of 1: 11: 111 from 1: 1: 1 to 3: 2: 1, respectively, in the following ratio of components of the polymer composition, wt.%: Polyethylene Activator When measures

new coating on

99,760-99,991 0,009-0,240 1. Polymer film based on polyethylene

and an activator, an activator — a mixture of europium Eu (BBK) compounds — 2DP Eu (NOi) 3 —PHEEN Eu (TTL) s PEN, taken in a weight ratio of 1: 1: 1, is obtained

five

0

by mechanical mixing of granules of polyethylene brand 15803-020 with a mixture of European compounds, in the form. fine powder, followed by extrusion processing into a film product. The temperature regime of processing does not exceed 150 C. With a polyethylene content of 99.991 wt.% In the polymer coating, and an activator of 0.009%, it absorbed 92% of radiation in the region of 220–380 nm with a transformation of the absorbed energy of 75% and translucency in the region of 580–760 nm 78 %

Examples 2, 3 and 4 are similar to example 1.

The composition of coatings and properties are presented in Table 1.

Polyethylene films with a thickness of 120 µm based on the grade of polyethylene 15803-020, activated by the mixture indicated above, have optical characteristics, which are presented in Table 1.

The quantitative content of the additive is chosen experimentally; a lower content of the activator than 0.009 wt.% Gives a low luminescence yield; a higher content than 0.24 wt.% Is impractical, since the content of the additive is 0.15 wt.% the magnitude of the transformation reaches 79%, and the transparency in the region of 580-760 nm is 90% (at 0.24% it is 78% and 81%, respectively).

The proposed coating makes it possible to absorb all the radiation in the region of 220-380 nm and effectively 75-79% transform it into the region of 580-760 nm, thereby increasing the translucency of the coating in the region of 580-760 nm to 78-92%.

In addition, the use of a mixture of europium compounds in the composition of polyethylene as an activator increases the stability of the luminescent properties in dg atmospheric conditions up to 150–200 days, i.e. increases stability compared with the known composition of 5-6 times.

The introduction of a mixture of europium compounds into the composition of polyethylene does not impair the translucency of the coatings in the region of 380–580 nm, which is favorable for plant photosynthesis, and is 70% as in the base object,

thirty

35

40

45

The use of a mixture of Europyl compounds as an activator makes it possible to most fully cover the UV region of light with the maxima of the absorption bands of individual components of the mixture at lower concentrations of europium. The mixture of europium compounds absorbs most fully and intensively in the region of 220–380 nm than each of these compounds separately (Table 2).

Use as an activator of a polymer coating of a mixture of Europc compounds in an amount of 0.009-0.24 wt.% Makes it possible to effectively 75-79% transform the absorption in the region of 220-380 nm. UV radiation into the visible light region, increase the transparency of the coating in area

ti 580-760 nm to 90-92% and the stability of the luminescent properties of 5-6 times.

The film coatings described above were used for growing a variety of agricultural crops (radishes, lettuce, cabbage, tomato, eggplant, cucumbers, peppers) in greenhouses. Depending on the species and varietal affiliation, an increase in the economic productivity of crops by 10–90% was found as compared with the productivity of crops grown under the coating without the addition of europium control compounds. An increase in the overall biological productivity, an acceleration of the timing of flowering, ripening and mass fruiting was also found. IT a b l and c a 1

Claims (2)

The invention relates to polymer compositions for agricultural coatings (agricultural) based on polyethylene activated by a mixture of luminescent complex compounds of europium. Known polymer compositions for film coatings for agricultural use on the basis of polyethylene containing 2 wt.% Titanium dioxide or aerosil. However, the use of additives to polyethylene intended for obtaining coatings for agricultural use, along with imparting a useful property, is always accompanied by a deterioration in the transparency of the coating in the visible region of the world, which is unfavorable for the development of agricultural plant species. Lena with the addition of an activator - a complex compound of europium tenoyl trifluoroacetonate with 1,10-phenanthroline (I), characterized in that, in order to increase the transparency and stability of the luminescent properties of the coating in the visible region of the world and reduce the consumption of the activator, it additionally contains a complex compound as an activator europium tri-nitrate with 1, U'-phenanthroline (II). and a complex compound of europium benzoyl benzoate with 4,4-dipyridyl (III) in the ratio I: II: III from 1: 1: 1 to 3: 2: 1, respectively, in the following ratio of components, polymer composition, wt.%: