SU1460275A1 - Method of excavating sloping mineral deposits - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the development of mineral deposits with tectonic disturbances. The goal is to reduce the amount of preparatory work and reduce the mineralization of the mineralization by increasing the stability of the outcrops by redistributing rock pressure during explosive blasting of reserves, 1 in the presence of tectonic cracks crossing the chamber side toward the cleaning space. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the amount of preparatory work and reduce the yield of the mineral by increasing the stability of the outcrops by means of measures. The passage of the drill and vent drifts. The passage of the ventilation drift is carried out in each pair of two adjacent chambers. Drilling and blasting wells. Along the roof, the minerals are separated by blasting horizontal rows of boreholes from a ventilation drift in both adjacent chambers. The breaking of the layers in the chamber is carried out by fans of the wells that are drilled in a plane perpendicular to the bottom plane. At the boundary of the recovered layer, a series of contiguous wells is formed by drilling from the drill drift of additional wells between the planes of the fan wells. The wells, limiting the size of the seam, are drilled at an angle of 50-90 °. towards the unbroken ore massif. The breaking of the mineral begins with the explosives of explosives in the horizontal rows of holes in the roof of two adjacent chambers. Then explosive charges are blown up in fans of wells drilled in a chamber in a plane, perpendicular to the face. Explosives in wells of fans located at the boundary of the layer and additional wells are blown up last. The developed space is set with hardening mixtures. 3 il. CO O5 about 1s SP of redistribution of rock pressure during explosive blasting of stocks of chambers. FIG. Figure 1 shows the stage of charging wells in fans in one chamber and boreholes in the roof of adjacent chambers, cross section; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows the stage of charging wells in fans in the second chamber, cross section. The method is carried out as follows. Chamber I (Fig. 1) is drilled from the drill drift 2 to the vent soil

Description

drift 3 with a set of 4 fan wells; in each fan, there are 4 boundary wells 5 to the collar 6 of camera I parallel to the plane of incidence of the main tectonic cracks 7 that cross it towards the cleaning space at an angle of 50-90 °. Additional planes 8 (Fig. 2) are drilled parallel to them from the excavation 2 between the planes of fans 4, limiting the size of the seeding layer, a series of adjacent wells 5 and 8. A horizontal p is drilled along the roof 9 from the ventilation drift 3. 10 holes in a pair of adjacent chambers 1 and 11.

The boreholes of fans 4, the close-Hbie wells 5 and 8, as well as holes of a series of 10 charges of explosives are charged.

Horizontal bore-holes in row 10 along the roof 9 of chambers 1 and 11 are detonated relative to each other. The blasting of holes of row 10 in the massif 11 leads to the formation of compliant layer 12 (Fig. 3) and the separation of the mineral 13 along the roof 9 adjacent chambers 1 and 11. Thus, the mineral separation 13 is carried out along the roof 9 by blasting a horizontal row of 10 holes in a pair of adjacent chambers 1 and 11. Slow blasting of holes in row 10 prevents the formation of intense discharge waves during dynamic the redistribution of rock pressure in the roof 9 of waste chambers 1 and 11 and, consequently, the destruction of enclosing rocks 14 in the roof of 9 chambers 1 and 11. The malleable layer 12 (Fig. 3) shifts the reference pressure zone towards the unbroken array, which improves the stability of drilling workings 2 and improves blasting parameters in chambers 1 and 11. Mineral blasting is carried out with 13 fans of 4 wells in chamber 1, which borders the filling mass. Then, wells of 5 fans 4 are blown up, limiting the size of the layer being repulsed, and additional wells 8 located between wells 5, i.e. a series of contiguous wells 5 and 8 are blown up after blasting sets of fans of 4 wells. The blasting of holes in fans 4, wells 5 and 8 leads to the collapse of mineral 13 located in the compliant layer 12 in chamber 1.

The blasting of the wells of the fans limiting the size of the discarded layer, and the additional wells located between them, is carried out after the blasting of sets of fans of the wells. In this order of blasting, the well limiting the size of the flayed layer in each fan does not explode with the other wells of this fan, which allows to prevent the propagation of cracks formed in the plane of the fan, beyond the design contour of the chamber towards the unbroken array, and therefore increase

about 5 h

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Sustain stability of the camera. In addition, the blasting of contiguous wells along the side of the chamber provides for the formation of a flat surface of the chamber side, which helps prevent the dilution of the mineral by backfill material and also ensures the discharge of the recovered mineral from the inclined edge of the chamber.

Repulsed in chamber 1, mineral 13 is delivered through a drilling excavation 2 to the hauling horizon of a mine. After excavation of the mineral from chamber 1, the developed space of the latter is isolated with the help of shields or bridges 15 (Fig. 2). Through the ventilation drift 3, the filling mixture 16 is fed into the developed space of chamber 1.

After solidification of the filling mixture 16 in the chamber 1, the drilling development 2 is conducted in the chamber 11 (Fig. 3). Shoot the camera 11 from the drilling output 2 sets of fans

4 wells, in this case, in each fan, 4 boundary wells 5 to board 6 of chamber 11 are parallel to the plane of incidence of the main tectonic cracks 7, which intersect it towards the cleaning space at an angle of 50-90 °. Between wells

5 fans 4, located at the boundary of the layer being repulsed, drill 2 additional wells 8 parallel to them from the drilling development, forming a series of contiguous wells.

The wells of fans 4 and a series of contiguous wells 5 and 8 in chamber i 1 are charged with explosives.

Minerals are thrashed out by 13 fans of 4 wells in chamber 11. Then 5 wells of 4 fans are blown up, limiting the size of the recovered layer, and additional wells 8 located between wells 5. Explosions of wells in fans 4 and in the series of contiguous wells 5 and 8 result to the collapse of minerals 13, located in compliant layer 12 in chamber 11. Exploding a series of contiguous wells 5 and 8 allows obtaining a smooth surface of the bead 6 ka.mer 11. Exploding a series of contiguous wells 5 and 8, in chamber 1 also allows u get a flat surface rhnost bead 6 in the chamber 1 and hence provide smooth contact between the filling mixture in the chamber 16 and an array 13 of minerals in the chamber 11 prior to breaking of minerals in the latter. The presence of such a flat contact surface eliminates the possibility of penetration of wells in fans 4 drilled in chamber 11 into the filling mixture 16 of chamber 1, which in turn eliminates drills and, therefore, overruns of explosives, and after blowing wells in fans 11 makes it possible to eliminate the dilution of the mineral 13 by the material of the filling mixture 16, which was beaten off in chamber 1.

The fossil 13 repulsed in chamber 11 is delivered through a drilling excavation 2 to the mine shaft. After extraction of the mineral from chamber 11, the space generated by chamber 11 is insulated with shields or jumpers 15. Unaligned areas of the vent 3, located at the edge of chamber 1, are connected to the developed space of chamber 11. A filling mixture is fed through the ventilation drift 3 16 into the developed space of the camera 1.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of excavation of gently dipping and inclined mineral deposits, including drilling and ventilation drifts, drilling and blasting wells, separating the mineral on the roof by blasting horizontal rows of boreholes, blasting layers of minerals useful in the chamber by wells of wells drilled in the plane perpendicular to the bottom plane, and the wells, which limit the size of the fingered layer in each fan, are drilled at an angle of 50-90 ° towards the unbroken ore massif, and hardening mixtures, characterized in that, in order to reduce the amount of preparatory work and reduce the dilution of the mineral by increasing the stability of the outcrops by redistributing rock pressure during blasting of aapas chambers, the ventilation drift is carried in each pair of two adjacent chambers, where the separation of the mineral from the roof is carried out in both of these chambers, a series of contiguous wells is formed at the border of the layer being beaten by drilling from the drill drift boreholes between the planes of the borehole fans, and mining of minerals begin with explosive charges in horizontal rows of boreholes in the top of two adjacent chambers, after which explosive charges are blown up in fans of boreholes drilled in a chamber in a plane, perpendicular to the bottom, In this case, explosive charges in the wells of the fans located at the boundary of the layer and the additional wells are blown up last. sixteen one , U /// (///// 7 /// U /// U /) ////// // L /// And //// 1 /// U // schshchsh .- /: v ) - :. ;: p --- - /; ,, / .. гy /////////////////////////) V // i /// A ( // r / X / l // A W 2-A-A Vv F / 7/7/7 // 7 ///// 7 ///// about c / o about oop about y ////////// 7 // ///// /// / l // A // ; L. / / / FIG L 13 3 W Yu I / / about c / o about oop about T III I 7 2i figure 2  at 8 / 5 /; / / 4 / o 10. I ///////////// L // L //. ... .- :: i -: - -V-j; . :: /::::dr.y . 1Ш ::: ЩСШШ., tshM --- P / L / / 4 2 Fi. H