SU1456202A1 - Method of cleaning multicomponent vapour and gas mixtures - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to methods for purifying multicomponent steam-gas high-temperature emissions and can be used for cleaning gas-vapor emissions from plants for the production of beauty flour, workshops of technical products of juice processing plants and other industries associated with the heat treatment of animal waste and high-temperature emissions into the atmosphere (from 60 to 100 C) Vapor products with significant. ,

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the content of water vapor and harmful unnatural smelling ingredients of organic and inorganic origin, such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, phenol, formaldehyde, organic fatty acids, skatole, indole, etc.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the degree of purification of wet and hot steam-gas mixtures with variable feed rates and pressures.

The drawing shows the installation diagram that implements the method of cleaning

Multicomponent steam-gas emissions.

; The installation (contains a series-connected pipeline 1, a fan 2 for supplying vapor-gas emissions, a damping tank 3, a heat exchanger 4 to which a hot water consumer 5 is connected and an installation of jca 6 for using condensate heat | a biological cleaning plant 7.

The washing of gases with chemical oxidizing agents is carried out in the expansion tower 8.

The method is carried out as follows.

: Multicomponent vapor-gas fish containing organic and inorganic harmful substances with a temperature of 98-100 ° С are supplied from the technological equipment to the pipeline 1 due to the discharge created by the fan 2. After the fan, they are fed to the damper capacitor JKocTb 3, which equalizes the pressure and velocity of the gases. Next, the leveled flow of neutralized gases under the pressure of the fan 2 enters the heat exchanger 4, where, due to cooling with water, the process of condensation of water vapor, co-; accompanied by the release of a significant amount of heat

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emissions of chemicals under the action of chemical oxidants (hypochlorites, permanganates). Purified and odorless emissions are released to the atmosphere.

Example. The implementation of the method carried out on the factories for the production of pulpy flour. Waste gases from the cooker are used as deactivated vapor-gas emissions.

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processing of animal and poultry waste. Characteristic emissions at the exit of the process equipment: average flow rate of 2100, temperature 98-100 ° C, absolute humidity 590 g / m, concentration, oxygen concentration 1-2%, differential pressure of emissions in the range of 0.1-0 3 MPa, the velocity differential 0.8–50 m / s.

Composition of emissions, mg / m: ammonia 2500, hydrogen sulfide 150, ketones 2450, 25 phenols up to 10, aldehydes up to 20,

mercaptans 65, nitrite and ammonium nitrate, muconic and formic acid, mesitylene diphenyl ether, benzaldehyde and others (about 30 components in total).

Investigation of the efficiency of cleaning gas-vapor outlets is carried out with the implementation of the known method without pressure equalization, speed, volume reduction, cooling

a reduction in steam and gas emissions of 35 emissions and without flushing of chemical gases, an increase in the concentration of acid oxidants, as well as of a predisposition, and a decrease in the absolute wet cleaning method, while observing the optimum values. Heat, condensate, formed in the heat exchange of the following parameters of the gas-vapor mixture at the entrance to the biologically

Nick 4, is used for own needs of production in installation 6, and hot water is directed to consumer 5, to feed boiler houses, to a hot water supply system, to heat greenhouses.

Drained, cooled gas-vapor emissions, the parameters of which are brought to optimum values, are fed to biological treatment, in which

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active layers: temperature in the range of /

lakh 30-45 С, absolute humidity 55-65 g / m, oxygen concentration 10-21 vol.%, differential velocity and pressure does not exceed 5 0.5 m / s and 0.01 MPa, respectively. .

The results of experimental studies are presented in the table.

The decomposition of micron harmful substances of biologically active layers is absorbed by 50 organisms under the influence of

emissions of chemicals under the action of chemical oxidants (hypochlorites, permanganates). Purified and odorless emissions are released to the atmosphere.

Example. The implementation of the method carried out on the factories for the production of pulpy flour. Waste gases from the cooker are used as deactivated vapor-gas emissions.

animal waste processing and poultry farming. Characteristic emissions at the exit of the process equipment: average flow rate of 2100, temperature 98-100 ° C, absolute humidity 590 g / m, concentration, oxygen concentration 1-2%, differential pressure of emissions in the range of 0.1-0, 3 MPa, the velocity differential 0.8–50 m / s.

The composition of emissions, mg / m: ammonia 2500, hydrogen sulfide 150, ketones 2450, phenols to 10, aldehydes to 20,

mercaptans 65, nitrite and ammonium nitrate, muconic and formic acid, mesitylene diphenyl ether, benzal. dehyd and others (about 30 components in total).

Investigation of the efficiency of cleaning vapor-gas emissions is carried out with the implementation of the known method without equalizing pressure, speed, volume reduction, cooling

discharges and without flushing of gases with chemical oxidants, as well as of the proposed cleaning method when

35 surges and without flushing of gases with chemical oxidants, as well as of the proposed cleaning method when the

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Research institutes of the following parameters of the gas-vapor mixture at the entrance to the biologically

active layers: temperature in the range of /

30–45 ° C; absolute humidity 55–65 g / m; oxygen concentration 10–21% by volume; the differential velocity and pressure do not exceed 5 0.5 m / s and 0.01 MPa, respectively. .

The results of experimental studies are presented in the table.

Decomposition of harmful substances micro

titel purification of emissions from organic substances due to ras-; splitting them with different cultures of bacteria deposited on the absorber. After passing through the biologically active layers, the partially purified emissions are directed to the expansion tower 8 or the scrubber, where oxidation of the inorganic components of enzymes produced by microorganisms under the influence of the substances themselves present in the gases to be purified is carried out. A change in the velocity and pressure of 55 gases leads to a change in the concentration of the substances to be disinfected and requires the production of new enzymes. Reorganization of the vital activity of microorganisms in relation to new uil5 1

VIYAM is a long process.

With a sharp change in the parameters and composition of the gas, the microorganisms of the filter layer do not have time to adapt and produce an insufficient amount of enzymes; as a result, the degree of purification decreases when the parameters fall outside the specified limits.

The supply of steam-gas emissions after the biological treatment system for irrigation with chemical oxidants in the expansion tower or scrubber ensures effective cleaning of harmful inorganic components poorly destroyed by microorganisms.

From -gablitz it follows that the proposed method allows to achieve almost complete purification from all harmful components of steam-gas emissions and eliminate unpleasant odor. The degree of purification in comparison with the known method is increased by 1.5-4 times. The volume of the mixtures fed to the biofilter decreases 14-15 times.

Ammonia

Hydrogen sulphide

Formaldehyde

Acetone.

Phenol

Mercaptans

(ethyl mercaptan)

4562026

Claims (1)

The invention of the method of purification of multicomponent steam-gas mixtures from unpleasant-smelling harmful impurities in the processes of thermal processing of products of animal origin, including passing them through a biologically active filter, characterized in that in order to improve the degree of purification of wet and hot vapor-gas mixtures with variable speeds supply and pressure, the pre-cleaned mixture is fed into the damper tank and then cooled with water by indirect heat exchange, the above operations are until a vapor-gas mixture is obtained with a temperature of 30-45 0, absolute humidity 55-65 g / m, oxygen concentration 10-21 vol.% and a differential of speeds and pressures of no more than 0.5 m / s and 0.01 Sha, respectively, and after passing through the filter, the gas-vapor mixture is washed with a solution of hypochlorite or permanganate. 99.5 99.2 99.9 99.9 100 99.5 / / PRT submission Have Peeled Vases 0) (Suspecting 8o & a / nQdotttt Chemical Oxidizing Agents one () Condensate BUT Ll