SU1454637A1 - Apparatus for assembling of parts of the shaft and sleeve type by press-fitting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to machine-assembly production, to devices for assembly by pressing. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality and productivity, as well as to reduce energy consumption by synchronous deformation of the mating parts in mutually perpendicular and stalk directions. The shaft 20 clamped in the collet 7 moves to the sleeve 9 clamped in the collet 14. At the moment of contact of the assembled parts, the source of ultrasonic vibrations is turned on. These oscillations are fed to the shaft 20 in a direction longitudinal with respect to the assembly axis, and to the sleeve 9 in a plane perpendicular to said axis. Pressing occurs when exposed to ultrasonic vibrations. 4 il.

Description

mutually perpendicular directions, displacement of the pressure unit 1 and the impact of the associated parts in the process of the shaft being pushed onto the sleeve by static pressing. “The contact moment of the assembled FIG. 1 shows the structure. hoists are determined by a touch-sensitive device; FIG. 2 shows a gripping organ, which includes the interaction of the ring with the shaft with one source of ultrasonic oscillations — the simultaneous effects of two reciprocal (not shown), perpendicular ultrasonic oscillations; in fig. 3 - diagrams of the effect of orthogonal ultrasonic vibrations; FIG. 4 shows the dependence of the 20 friction coefficient during pressing on the amplitude of the ultrasonic inspection at the shaft end.

The device contains a pressure unit I, which includes a mechanism for changing the gripping organ. On the pressure unit 25 there is a conical protrusion 2 facing the gripping body. The housing 3 of the latter is connected with the pressure unit by means of elastic elements of the springs 4. A diameter of 30 and a diameter of 30 ° is fixed in the housing 3 by D i.

. „K pop

ultrasonic oscillator 5: The inner diameter of the ring becomes, and a concentrator 6 is mounted on the end of the converter; it is made in the form of a sleeve with a conical and cylindrical magnetic converters 5 and 13 and excites ultrasonic vibrations. I stand on its surface. On the sleeve 9, the ultrasonic vibrations act in a plane perpendicular to the pressing-in axis.

Impact on the sleeve by ultrasound (transverse, diametrical) oscillations with amplitude A in the first half-perid increases its internal

with equal

Dк I „JйDк I„ A „,,.

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plots on the inside of the s At the same time, a wave of the ultrasound is standing. The collet 7 is located in the cavity of the concentrator, at the border of the antinode. The grips 8 are made in the form of double-arm levers and are hinged on the body 3 with the ability of the ends 40 to interact.

the shaft surface forms its diameter in size

with a conical protrusion 2, and others with a collet 7.

The device for mounting and clamping the sleeve 9 is made in the form of an additional housing 11 mounted on the base 10, in which an additional ultrasonic oscillation concentrator 12, transducer 13, and a collet 14 are installed, into which the assembled sleeve 9 is installed through a damping gasket 15. The concentrator 12 is coupled with the cup 16 through the damping gasket 17. clamp the bushings on the cup 16 by means of a threaded connection, the stop bush 18 is fixed, and the cup itself is equipped with step 19, which is connected to the electromy rotten drive. Winding main 5 and ADDITION

Dp, D ,, + uD.D .. + A, o “och 6 VTs,„ I

where a

1ch

DV

55

incrementing the value of the shaft diameter at the antinode section,;,

the resulting standing wave with the amplitude of the AP, | U, and Dgj is the nominal value of the internal diameter of the sleeve, providing the required connection (with a strain); the nominal diameter of the shaft, corresponding to the desired connection with the sleeve.

In this case, with the required dimensions of the pressed-in parts (shaft - sleeve) Dg ": BC, the amplitudes of the ultrasonic vibrations are chosen so that a gap is formed in the joint when the sleeve is pressed by

yom

IOM

The hoists are determined by the sensor device of the gripping organ, which includes a source of ultrasonic vibrations (not shown),

diameter by the value of and D A „.

Magnetostrictive transducers 5 and 13 excite ultrasonic oscillations. To the shaft 20, oscillations are fed in a direction longitudinal with respect to the assembly axis and form a standing wave on its surface. On the sleeve 9, the ultrasonic vibrations act in a plane perpendicular to the pressing-in axis.

Impact on the sleeve by ultrasound (transverse, diametrical) oscillations with amplitude A in the first half-perid increases its internal

 Internal di 1 meter to

with equal

Dк I „JйDк I„ A „,,.

Nome

At the same time, a hundred-wave of ultrasonic oscillations at the border of the antinodes

the shaft surface forms its diameter in size

the same time, a hundred-wave of ultrasonic oscillations at the border of the antinodes

Dp, D ,, + uD.D .. + A, o “och 6 VTs,„ I

de a

1ch

DV

incrementing the value of the shaft diameter at the antinode section,;,

the resulting standing wave with the amplitude of the AP, | U, and Dgj is the nominal value of the internal diameter of the sleeve, providing the required connection (with a strain); the nominal diameter of the shaft, corresponding to the desired connection with the sleeve.

yom

IOM

j en

55

In this case, with the required dimensions of the pressed-in parts (shaft - sleeve) Dg ": BC, the amplitudes of the ultrasonic vibrations are chosen so that a gap is formed in the joint when the sleeve is pressed by

: f j) D) + (A -A) P

-. WOM HO "O T

one

At the same time, the friction forces are practically absent and the connection occurs with a gap under the action of a small amount of static force P (Fig. 3)

R ; R

Where

RS.RSG required static force with the influence of ultrasonic vibrations (UZK); the required force without ultrasound K. In the second half-period, the sleeve is compressed and its diameter decreases by Qn, and the shaft surface in this half-wave is stretched, forming a depression on its surface and separating traces of the effect of ultrasonic vibrations.

This half-period provides: connection (press-in) of a sleeve with a tensioned shaft, but with a lower value of friction forces:

GAD, p,

where - friction force when exposed to longitudinal ultrasonic vibrations; FTP is the friction force when pressing in a sleeve with tension without the influence of ultrasonic vibrations.

As a result, at each moment of pressing in when subjected to ultrasonic testing, the required force is less than without such effect, which leads to a decrease in energy consumption.

Due to the dynamic contact of the mating surfaces in the period of action of both transverse and longitudinal UT, the necessary rotation of the pressed sleeve is ensured due to the possible deviation of the ring or shaft surfaces or misalignment, thereby automatically searching for the real axis of symmetry (connection) and the most accurate shaft connection with sleeve.

Moreover, in the process of dynamic contact, phase slip trajectories created by the action of ultrasonic oscillations in mutually perpendicular posle bones according to fig. 3

As a result of this, the time for searching for connection guides is reduced.

1454637

The process of pressing the sleeve onto the shaft as a whole is intensified and intensified.

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five

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25

thirty

40

gg

45

50

Claims (1)

It is also known that during the ultrasonic treatment of the surfaces of parts, plastic deformations are reduced, their surface layer is strengthened and friction forces are reduced, as shown (Fig. 4). Invention Formula A device for assembling parts such as a shaft — a sleeve, comprising a base, a pressure assembly, a power source, an ultrasonic vibration transducer, a shaft gripping body made in the form of a housing and clamps in the form of double-arm levers hinged on the latter, and connected with a pressure unit for the help of an elastic element, as well as a device for installing press-fit sleeves, mounted on the base, which is the fact that, in order to improve quality and productivity, as well as reduce energy Atrat, it is equipped with an ultrasonic oscillation concentrator, made in the form of a sleeve with conical and cylindrical sections on the inner surface and radial slots rigidly fixed to the body of the gripping organ, and a collet mounted with the possibility of its outer surface interacting with the conical section of the concentrator the node is complete with a conical protrusion facing the gripping organ, the transducer of ultrasonic vibrations is mounted on the concentrator face, the clamps are installed in the radial slots of the latter, with the possibility of interaction with one end with the collet, with the other with the projections of the pressure unit, and the device for mounting the assembled bushings is made in the form of additional. body, additional converter, concentrator and collet interconnected and with additional body similarly to the main damping gasket installed inside the additional collet, as well as the thrust sleeve and glass interconnected by means of thread, while winding the main and additional transducers Connected to the power source. / g Ino / gtso - Х1к g / l 7/7 hg AKV AfiytlH 2 Fie.2 g 27 f  t Ryo. 12: 5ii567S CM ffue, 4 Sf3 d / wrn