SU1445742A1 - Heat-mass-exchange apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to equipment for carrying out HBP processes and can be used in the petrochemical, chemical, heat and energy and other industries and allows to expand the range of operating modes and increase the efficiency of the apparatus by increasing the gas flow rate. Heat and mass transfer apparatus, comprising a cylindrical body with a claw, in which plates are installed, consisting of a concentric trough with overflows and a branch pipe with a baffle element, as well as branch pipes for the input and output of liquid and gas. At the upper end of the nozzle, the plates are installed one above the other, made in the form of truncated cones with openings on the side surface, with the upper device made with an obtuse angle at the apex of the cone and mouth; The bottom base is installed with a gap to the body walls, and the bottom device has an acute angle at the apex of the cone, the bottom base is installed on the body stencils at a distance of no more than 0.5 of the device body diameter from the bottom end of the nozzle and connected to the next vertical button a tube. The apparatus can be made in the shape of a truncated cone with an acute angle at the apex equal to the acute angle of the device under the plate, and a lower base, separated from the lower end of the vertical nozzle to inject liquid no more than 0.5 of the body diameter, and gas input set tangential conical surface krshki. The holes on the side surface of the cones can be made in the form of triangular slots with bent edges. 2 z.p, f-ly, 1 ill. . i (L 4 4: cl and

Description

The invention relates to equipment for conducting heat and mass transfer processes and can be used in the petrochemical, chemical, heat and energy and other sectors of the industry.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the range of operating modes and increase the efficiency of the apparatus by increasing the gas flow rate.

The drawing shows a heat and mass transfer apparatus, a general view.

The heat and mass transfer apparatus has fittings for introducing fluid 1 and for introducing gas 2, the fitting for introducing fluid is located in the upper part of the conical cap 3, and the fitting for introducing gas is tangentially conical on the surface of cap 3. The latter is tightly connected to the cylindrical body 4 of the apparatus, for example, using flanges. A blender for introducing the fluid directly passes into the cylindrical nozzle 5, located vertically. A clearance element 6 is installed with a gap relative to the lower end of the nozzle 5, below which a concentric chute 7 is installed. The latter is connected with a parachute 9, which is arranged vertically, with a few radial overflows 8, and a breaker element 6 is installed with a clearance relative to the lower end of the nozzle. a truncated cone Yu, whose upper base is rigid, for example in welding, is connected to the pipe 9 at the point of connection to the pipe of overflows. The lower base of the cone is rigidly connected to the inner wall of the housing 4 above the baffle element of not more than 0.5 of the diameter of the housing. At the point of contact between the cone I) and the body 4 of the apparatus, several vertical tubes 11 are installed along the perimeter, the lower end of which is lowered into the groove 7 to collect the liquid of the next plate. Above the cone, ohm 10 is fixed on the liquid nozzle cone 12 with an obtuse angle at the apex, with a gap relative to the walls of the housing. In the cones 10 and 12, tangential holes 13 and 14 are located on the lateral surface, which can be made in the form of triangular slots with edges bent inward.

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

The liquid enters the apparatus through the nozzle 1, moves along the nozzle 4 and flows out through the gap 15, forming a dome-shaped film that reaches the walls of the apparatus body and flows along the walls into the groove 7.

From chute 7 through several radial flows 8 (usually four), the liquid enters the pipe 9. From the latter, through the gap 15, the liquid flows into the internal cavity of the apparatus, forming a domed film that reaches the walls of the apparatus and flows into the underlying chute. Further, the fluid passes through several similar contact steps and is withdrawn from the apparatus. Without a gas supply, the liquid, emerging from the gap, forms a dome with edges downward. When gas enters through the nozzle 2 in the space formed by the conical cover, the walls of the body and the film of liquid, circulating eddy currents of gas are formed, which capture and lift the film of liquid. As a result, a liquid dome is formed with raised edges, which is repeatedly washed at high speed by circulating eddy currents of gas. Part of the gas flow breaks through the film at the wall of the apparatus and enters through the windows between the overflows 8 to the gas spin device. The gas flow passes through the tangential orifices 14 and twists. At the same time, liquid droplets entrained by the gas flow bounce off on the cone 12 and flow through the gap 16 into the space between the cone 10 and the body 4 and flow through the tubes 11 into the chute 7. The gas flow from the holes 14 additionally twists in the holes 13 and enters the space The structure formed by the walls of the housing 4, the cone 10 and the liquid film flowing from the gap 15. In this space, the process of interaction between the liquid film and the eddy currents of the gas takes place in a manner similar to that indicated. The gas flow breaks through the film of liquid against the walls of the housing, then through the windows formed between the underlying overflows of the liquid, enters the next stage of contact. Further, the gas passes through several analogous contact stages and is removed from the apparatus.

In the heat and mass transfer apparatus, the liquid film interacts with the eddy currents of the gas. With an increase in the volume flow of gas, the liquid film does not break, thereby increasing the range of operation of the apparatus. Repeatedly circulating the gas flow inside the corate and increasing the efficiency of the apparatus by increasing the gas flow rate, it is provided with one device mounted above the top end of the nozzle of the tray one above the other devices, made in the form of truncated holes, on the lateral surface.

The bottom of which is made with an obtuse angle when the liquid film is turned into a lower base, the cone bus is installed significantly and the bottom increases the intensity of heat and mass transfer. The proposed design combines the advantages of flow-through apparatuses (high efficiency due to the high velocity of the gas flow) and the advantages of film apparatuses (the effectiveness of the interaction of the liquid film with the gas

flow, simplicity and reliability of the conventional plate,

operation, the possibility of transition to the apparatus of high unit capacity by longitudinal-transverse sectioning).

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 1. Heat and mass transfer apparatus, including a cylindrical body with a cap, in which plates are installed, consisting of a concentric chute with overflows and a branch pipe with a breaker element, and branch pipes for inlet and outlet of liquid and gas, with the aim of expanding range of modes The bottom device has an acute angle at the apex of the cone and is fixed with the bottom base on the body walls at a distance of no more than 0.5 of the device body diameter from the bottom end of the nozzle and equipped with a vertical tube connecting it with . The apparatus according to claim 1, about tl and and aa gosh and with the fact that the apparatus рь is made in the shape of a cone with an acute angle at the apex equal to the acute angle of the lower device under the plate, and the bottom base, the lower end of the nozzle for input - no more than liquid} 1m by 0.5 of the diameter of the apparatus case, and a pipe for 30 gas inlet is installed tangentially conical surface Krishka. 3. Apparatus pop. 1, characterized in that the holes on the lateral surface of the cones are filled 25 in the form of triangular cuts with edges bent inwards.