SU1443975A1 - Arrangement for sorting objects according to size - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to devices for the separation and sorting of items of various sizes and to improve the reliability of the device. The device contains 1 feeding and receiving 2 conveyors and a separator made in the form of a disk 5 obliquely fixed on the frame with the possibility of rotation, on the axis of which the clamps 6 are located. In the lower part of the frame the disk has a fence 4 in which there are sensors for the presence of objects, and under the disk A probe 14 with an anvil 15 and a magnetically sensitive sensor 17 is mounted for rotation in the working zone. In the upper part of the frame there is a pusher 10 and a pressure adjustment element 7. When objects hit the disk 5, the sensor signals are processed in the control elements and if the clamp 6 passes over the outermost object, the object is captured and moved to the area of action of the pusher, which causes the object to drop onto the receiving conveyor 2. 3p. f-ly, 7 ill. (g (L

Description

42 4

WITH

Fig. /

The invention relates to devices for separating or sorting different-sized objects, mainly in the form of parallelepipeds from a chaotic multi-stream of them, and can find application in processing lines for processing piece goods, such as postal parcels.

The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability.

Fig. 1 schematically shows a device with a partial cut-out of a CTBR fence, a general view; Fig. 2 is a view A in Fig. 3; in Fig. 3 and 4 a probe structure with an emphasis is shown; FIGS. 3 - 7 show functional diagrams of the first, second and third control elements, respectively.

A device for separating different-sized items contains feed 1 and receiving 2 conveyors, frame 3, fence 4, disk 5, n clamps 6 (in a particular embodiment of n 3), clamp adjustment element 7, first 8 and second 9 item presence sensors pusher 10 with actuator element, the first 11 and second 12 limiters, the pusher position sensor 13, the probe 14, the spring-loaded stop 15, n magnets 16, the magnetically sensitive sensor 17, as well as the first 18, second 19 and third 20 controls (Figs. I and 2).

The first control element 18 contains a delay line 21 and an IHR-NOT logic 22. The second control element -19 contains the first single vibrator 23. The third control element 20 contains the second one-shot 24 (separatable objects 25 show tsd in Figures 1 and 2) .

The device works as follows.

At the moment of switching on, the disk 5 begins to rotate at a constant angular velocity U. In this case, the probe 14 is lowered to the lower position defined by the first limiter P, i.e. stops under the lower boundary of the shaded sector (Fig. 2) with an angular size of max -360 / p. In this case, the pusher 10 is fixed motionlessly tangentially to the disk. The feed conveyor 1 with randomly arranged objects 25 is switched off at this moment, and the logical state of the sensors 8 and 9 of the presence of objects is: Dg D 0. This state

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five

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five

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five

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five

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Sensors 8 and 9 lead to the formation in the first control element 18 of the command to turn on the feeding conveyor 1. With the inclusion of conveyor 1, the first batch of objects 25 falls on the disk 5 and crosses the first photocell.

When the first photo barrier crosses the feed conveyor 1 is turned off (the photo barrier is shown in FIG. 2 by dash-dotted lines), the delay value G of the delay line 21 is chosen so as to prevent the feed conveyor I from turning on again when objects 25 have passed the first photo barrier but have not yet reached the second photo barrier . Only if there is a low level on all inputs of the logical cxeNbi OR NOT 22, a command is generated to turn on the feed conveyor 1.

When objects 25 hit the rotating inclined disk 5, due to the complex interaction of the gravity force of the centrifugal force, the friction force between the objects 25 and the disk 5, as well as the friction force between the objects 25 and the fence 4, they move down during the rotation of the disk 5, B As a result of the action of the indicated forces, the objects 25 are arranged motionless along the fence 4, and the outermost of the objects 25 at the optimum inclination angle oL 20-30 ° of the disk 5 falls into the working zone of

This object comes in contact with the spring-loaded stop 15, located at the end of the hoop 14 (Fig. 3). The stop 15 takes an angular position y corresponding to the front edge of the outermost object 25. On the lower side of the disk 5 at some distance 1 from its center, n (n 3) magnets 16 are fixed with an angular distance corresponding to their location with a lag of tf 5-10 . Attach n clamps 6 to the upper end of the axis of the disk 5. The exact angle (determined by the speed of the clamp adjustment element 7, which actuates that of the clamps 6 that is currently in the working area. At the probe 14 at the same distance 1 From the center of the disk 5, like magnets 16, a magnetically sensitive sensor 17 is mounted.

As the corresponding magnet 16 passes over the magnetically sensitive

the sensor 17 last generates a pulse arriving at the second control element 19 at the input of the first one-shot 23. The latter forms a command for the pressure adjustment element 7, which is executed (the object 25 is pressed to the plane of the disk 5) when the angular position of the corresponding pressure 6 is close to ( (in FIG. 2, the depressed clamp 6 is blackened).

Due to the sharp increase in the friction force between the disk 5 and the extreme object 25, the latter begins to move upwards with the probe 14. When reaching the second limiter 12 located on the upper boundary of the working area, the spring-loaded stop 15 interacts with the limiter 12 and translates into a position perpendicular The probe 14 is in this position. In this position, the spring-loaded stop 15 slides off the moving object 25 and lowers to the outermost stationary object, and the moving object -25 falls into the action zone of the pusher 10.

In this zone, the clamp 6 releases the object 25, and at the output of the pusher position sensor 13 a pulse appears at the input of the second one-oscillator 24 of the third control element 20. A single vibrator 24 converts the incoming pulse into a command for the actuator element of the pusher 10. This command triggers the pusher 10, which transfers the object 25 to the receiving conveyor 2. When the next pressure 6 enters the working area, these separation processes are repeated.

In the prior art device, a large number (several tens) of position sensors and pressure sensors are required to obtain an acceptable accuracy in determining the position of the extreme object (1-2 cm). From the mechanical vibration and possible impacts, the position sensors of the objects (photodiodes) may be out of focus, and from dust - pollute, which reduces the reliability of the device. In addition, the signal processing of these sensors requires a rather complicated control unit, which also leads to a decrease in reliability. The proposed device does not have these disadvantages, since for measuring

1443975

The angular position of the outermost object uses the simplest mechanical probe with the stop and the magnetically sensitive sensor, and the controls are the simplest electronic components.

The invention makes it possible to increase the reliability of separation of objects, eliminate technological maintenance of the device, since it does not require periodic adjustment of the position sensors of objects and cleaning them from dust, increase the accuracy of measuring the position of the extreme object, since there is no discretization of the measured value determined by the prototype items in the work area.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula 1. A device for separating multi-sized items containing feeding and receiving conveyors, pusher with sensor of its position. The separator is mounted obliquely on the base of the drive disk, the working area of which is between the bottom point of the disk and the area of action of the pusher mounted on the frame of the disk guard and located on the disk axis of the clamps, means for activating the clamps, two sensors of the presence of objects installed between the feed conveyor and the lower point of the disk and the means for determining the position of the clamps, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability, three controls are introduced into it, n magnets attached to the lower They are at the corner Cp in front of each clamp and at a distance of 1 from the axis of the disk, two limiters attached to the frame, respectively, at the upper and lower limits of the working area of the disk, and the means for determining the position of the clamps are made in the form of a probe mounted on the axis under the disk with the possibility of movement in the working area and having a truncated support, and a magnetically sensitive sensor placed on the probe at a distance of 1 from the disk axis. 55 2. The device according to claim 1, of which is that the first control element contains a support line and an OR-NOT logic, moreover, the output of the first sensor of the presence of objects is connected to the input of the feed conveyor through the delay line and the first input of the OR-NOT logic circuit, and directly via the second input of the OR-NOT logic circuit, the third input of which is connected to the output of the second sensor of the presence of objects, and the output to the entrance of the feed conveyor shutdown. 34 The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the second control element is made in the form of a first one-shot, the input of which is connected to the output of the magnetically sensitive sensor, and the output to the down-pressure adjustment element. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the third control element is made in the form of a second one-oscillator, the input of which is connected to the output of the position sensor of the pusher and the output to the actuating element of the pusher. 15 Viz cffftxij r cSofitf view xvwrtryf / w / tf mpoffc / fff me / fG 1 17 3 ffucffS uf.3 ffucuS 77 VueA / nflaMCfropmfpci 1 t Riga 5 23 ff 3flfMeffmti 7pfgy / rt / - poSttu rrputnuMo ig.6 2 M e / cfrajif / t / frrf bnof4y Sflff ffffny mo / fM0 / rff / ff fO (fJu9.7