SU1432204A2 - Apparatus for monitoring the level of flushing fluid in well and identifying emergencies - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the drilling of oil wells and gas wells (C), namely to the control, detection and alarm of abnormal and emergency situations during tripping operations. The purpose of the invention is to increase the control accuracy by maintaining the equilibrium state of the C-formation system during tripping and increasing the accuracy of detecting deviations from the equilibrium state. For this, the device has an electric pump 4, a flow meter 5, a radioactive level switch, a signal processing unit 3, a refill 7, a suction and discharge pipes 8 and 9, a valley 10, a return pipe 11, valves 12 and 13, a control element 14, a detector 15 state of mud pumps. The relay consists of a source 1 and a receiver 2. At the moment of shutdown of the drilling pumps, the detector 15 triggers an electric pump 4, which operates during the entire absence of circulation in C. Flushing fluid or topping up in C, passage through the open valve 12, pipeline 10 topping up and the flow meter 5, or returns through the open valve 13 and the pipe 11 to the topping-up tank 7. The level switch is installed in C and it sends signals to the block 3 connected to the control element 14. This eliminates the inertia of the topping loop. The use of this device allows control during lifting and unloading operations in complex geological and technical conditions. 5 hp f-ly, 14 silt, 1 tab. from S o o Pife.2

Description

ten

20

11432204

The invention relates to the field of drilling oil and gas wells, namely, devices for monitoring the current state of the column-well-reservoir system, predicting, detecting and signaling the occurrence of abnormal and emergency situations during launching operations. during shutdowns with SPO, as well as during shutdowns during drilling with the stop of circulation of the flushing fluid, it is an improvement of the known device according to the authors. St. No. 1328499.

The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of monitoring by maintaining the equilibrium state of the well-formation system during the GRT and increasing the accuracy of detecting deviations from the equilibrium state.

Fig, 1 shows the layout of the drill string; in fig. 2 - functional device diagram; figure 3 - the same, the continuation; in fig. 4 is a functional diagram of a flow meter signal processing unit; in fig. 5 is a functional block diagram of a pipe length calculation; in fig. 6 is a functional block diagram of a fluid volume calculation; in fig. 7 is a functional block diagram of a fluid flow calculation unit; in fig. 8 is a functional diagram of a pipe volume calculating unit; in fig. 9 - functional, e logical diagram of the block of logic; in fig. 10 is a functional block diagram of the control unit; in fig. 11 is a functional block diagram of induction; FIG. 12 is a functional block diagram of the computation of a numerical complexity indicator; in fig. 13 - dependence of the signal at the output of the flow meter signal processing unit when performing lifting the drill string on time; in fig. 14 - the same, at the output of the unit for calculating the flow of fluid from time to time when it appears in the idle well.

The device for monitoring the level of flushing fluid in the well and detecting emergency situations contains a radioactive level switch consisting of a source 1 and a receiver line 9, a discharge pipe 10 topping up, a pipe 11, first and second valves 12 and 13, a control element 14, a detector 15 the state of drilling pumps, the first and second blocks 16 and 17 of signal processing of flow meters, the first, second and third multiplexers 18-20, demultiplexer 21, block 22 for calculating the flow rate, block 23 for calculating the volume of fluid, block 24 for calculating the volume pipe ma, block 25 for calculating the complication rate, block 26 for determining the direction of SS, block 27 for calculating the length of pipes, block 28 for control, block 29 for indication, block 30 for logic, sensor 31 for moving the block block, sensor 32 for weight, unit 33 for time interval , setter 34 interval lengths of 35 Acceptable indicators of complication during descent and ascent, setter 36 of allowable expenses and during absorption and development, setter 25 37 running volumes, setter 38 of column boundaries, first, second, third, quarter comparators 39-42 and first , second, tre tiy and quarter keys 43-46.

The signal processing units 16 and 17, the flow meters (Fig. 4) are composed of a signal conversion unit 47, a memory element 48, a comparator 49, a delay element 50, and a HE element 51. I Pipe length calculation unit 27 (Fig. 5 ) consists of a column length calculation block 52, a memory element 53, a subtraction element 54, a comparator 55, a one-shot 56, an AND 57 element to an OR 58 element.

The liquid volume calculation unit 23 (Fig. 6) consists of a memory element 59, a delay element 60, an adder 61, and a digital-to-analog converter (D / A) 62.

The flow rate calculation unit 22 (Fig. 7) consists of a memory element 63, a DAC 64 and a divider 65.

The pipe volume calculation unit 24 (FIG. B) consists of a DAC 66 and a multiplier 67.

Block 30 logical (Fig. 9) consists of a timer 68, trigger 6930

45

50

ka 2, signal processing unit 3, element 72, delay elements 73-75, element 55 and 76-81 elements and element 82-92.

ktronasos 4 contour topping up, flow meter 5 in the contour topping up, flow meter. 6 in the discharge chute, topping-up tank 7, suction pipe 8, control pipe unit 28 (FIG. 10) consists of an instrument 93, comparators 94-98, memory elements 99 and 100, ele

0

e d

wire 9 discharge, pipeline 10 topping up, pipeline 11, the first and second valves 12 and 13, control element 14, the indicator of the state of mud pumps, the first and second blocks 16 and 17 of signal flow meter processing, the first, second and third multiplexers 18-20 , demultiplexer 21, unit 22 for calculating the flow rate, unit 23 for calculating the volume of liquid, unit 24 for calculating the volume of pipes, unit 25 for calculating the complication rate, unit 26 for determining the length of the ACT, block 27 for calculating the length of pipes, control unit 28, unit 29 indications, block 30 logical , sensor 31 of movement of the traveling block, weight sensor 32, time interval setting unit 33, length interval setting unit 35 35 Permissible descent and descent complication indicators, allowable flow setting unit 36 and absorption and development, unit 375 running volumes, limit setting unit 38 sections of the column, the first, second, third, quarter comparators 39-42 and the first, second, third and fourth keys 43-46.

The signal processing units 16 and 17, the flow meters (Fig. 4) are composed of a signal conversion unit 47, a memory element 48, a comparator 49, a delay element 50, and a HE element 51. I Pipe length calculation unit 27 (Fig. 5 ) consists of a column length calculation block 52, a memory element 53, a subtraction element 54, a comparator 55, a one-shot 56, an AND 57 element to an OR 58 element.

The liquid volume calculation unit 23 (Fig. 6) consists of a memory element 59, a delay element 60, an adder 61, and a digital-to-analog converter (D / A) 62.

The flow rate calculation unit 22 (Fig. 7) consists of a memory element 63, a DAC 64 and a divider 65.

The pipe volume calculation unit 24 (FIG. B) consists of a DAC 66 and a multiplier 67.

Block 30 logical (Fig. 9) consists of a timer 68, triggers 690

five

0

The control unit 28 (Fig. 10) consists of an image 93, comparators 94-98, memory elements 99 and 100, elements AND 101 and 102, elements OR 103-106, elements HE 107 and 108.

The display unit 29 (Fig. 11) consists of the indicator 109 Appearance, the indicator 110 Absorption, the indicator 111 of the indicator 112 tf of the indicator 113, the indicator 114 1ksp, the indicator-alarm 115 Close the preventer Rinse with increasing density, the indicator-alarm 116 Rinse with decrease of density , indicator-signaling device 117 Stop SPO Attention

The Computation Index Computation Unit 25 (FIG. 12) consists of a divider 118, a multiplexer 119, comparators 120 and 121, an OR element 122, and a voltage level setpoint generator 123.

The device works as follows.

Before starting the SPO, the initial parameters are entered into the setters: sensor 33 - the time interval for averaging the flow of industrial fluid in the idle well; sensor 34 - the length of the pipes / il, which averaging the complication index m is performed when descending; in the setting unit 35 - the permissible values of the severity index during the descent of the Godoaci while ascending to the setting unit 36 - the permissible values of the consumption of industrial fluid in the absorption of q aux. psgl and in the development of q add. pr idle well; in unit 37, the linear volumes of the VOP pipes constituting the column in the following areas: first v p, second - VQ d, third - about. fourth

V

0.4

dy plots

(Fig. 1); in the unit 38 - the faces of the column, respectively

the first and second - 1; the third and third - la-ij of the third and fourth - 1з-4- (Fig. 1). And the input to the setters 37 and 38 is carried out according to the geological technical data (GHT per well once for the whole well construction cycle. Other tasks may vary from cycle to cycle, depending on the geological and technical situation in Squicky.

The indicator 15 of the state of drilling pumps (Fig. 2), installed on the drive of the drilling pumps or on the manifold, allows you to determine the moment of shutdown of the drilling pumps and

about -

ten

15

20

-

45

) y-50 -

432204

stop the circulation of drilling fluid in the well, i.e. the moment of completion of the next report and the transition to the STR or the temporary stop of drilling. In this case, a signal 1 appears at the output of the signaling device 15, which is fed to the first input of the logic block 30, the second inputs of the keys 43 and 44, the latter being unlocked and connected to the codes of the flow meters 6 and 5 to the first inputs of the blocks 16 and 17 of the signal flow meters, At the second input of the electric pump 4, the contour of the valley, which is turned on and running during the entire time when there is no circulation in the well. The electric pump 4 supplies the flushing fluid flowing through the pipeline 8, sucking from the container volume 7, into the pipeline 9, the discharge from which it is added in the well, the passage through the open valve 12, the pipeline 10 topping up and 25 the flow meter 5, or returns through the open the valve 13 and the pipe 11 back into the topping-up tank 7.

When resuming operation of the mud pumps, the electric pump 4 is unplugged, the keys 43 and 44 are locked, which leads to the termination of the operation of the device.

When the level of the flushing core decreases, the kku bone of the level of the radioactive level switch consisting of source 1 and receiver 2. The signal processing unit 3 commands the control element 14 to turn on, through which the first and second outputs of the last appear control inputs are valves 12 and 13 respectively. This leads to the opening of valve 12 and the closing of valve 13; process-valve switching occurs in a fraction of a second. The fluid enters the well and fills it to the level of the radioactive level switch. At the moment the level of flushing fluid in the well reaches the receiver 2 of the radioactive level switch from the output of block 3 to the output of control element 14, a signal is received to stop topping up, at which valve 12 is closed30

35

40

50

and valve 13 opens. During the switching of the valves 12 and 13 in the injection pipe 9, a short-term hydraulic shock occurs associated with the switching of the direction of flow of the flushing liquid

514322П4, .6

ti. Until the next cycle of topping up fluids OR 82 and 84, which are dumped by their output signals, the correspondence circulates in a closed path.

The contour topping works autonomously from other parts of the device, the accuracy of maintaining the level of flushing fluid in the well is determined by the accuracy of beating the surface of the flushing fluid with a radioactive level switch. The amount of fluid topped up into the well is measured by a flow meter 5. When the flushing fluid is displaced from the well, it is poured into the trough; The amount of fluid displaced is measured by a flow meter 6.

Source 1, which uses a plutonium-beryllium source of slow neutrons, and receiver 2 are placed in pump-compressor delay element 63 and trigger 72: the first input of trigger 71 is set at its output signal 1, which is fed to the first input of element And 78 and the second input of the element OR 91 and from the output of the last to the fifth output

Q block 30. When signal 1 is generated during lifting of the drill string at the fifth input of block 30, it is fed to the second input of the element AND 79 and the second input of the element AND 78, from the last stroke to the first input of the element OR 85, and from its output - on the sixth output of block 30.

In the process of lowering the drill string, block 30 logical operates anasor tubes with a diameter of 73 mm and is only logical, only with a pulse wall thickness of 5 mm, which are diametrically opposite to the outer surface of the last spark plug and cement 1 from the first output of block 26 enters the ninth the input of block 30, which leads to the appearance of single signals at the first, third, and fifth outputs of the block are ruled together with the column. The device is 25 30, and in the presence of a signal 1 on

The fifth input is signal 1 at the seventh output of block 30.

During idle times during SPO and drilling at the eighth and ninth block inputs

-8-13 mm (the installation site of the radio-sounding pulses 1 is not received, which means they are also absent at the output of the OR element. 82, therefore, the delay element 73, after a time delay of D 3 3-5 min (the maximum duration of the descent cycle allows to maintain the level of drilling fluid in the well in the process of the ACT between the marks h, 0 - 4.0 m (the installation location of the gutter) and h,

active level switch) the amplitude of the height variation of the mud column is

h

Ih h - hj 11-17 m,

what corresponds to the amplitude of the hydrostatic downhole pressure fluctuations at the density of the washing liquid, for example, p 2000

fr. 0.22-0.33 Sha.

The logical block 30 (Fig. 9) controls the operation of the switching elements of the device — multiplexers 18 and 19, demultiplexer 21, keys 43 and 46, as well as indicators 109 and 110, and signaling indicators 115 and 116. The signal from the second output of direction determining block 26 SPO, received at the beginning of the lifting cycle at the eighth input of block 30 logical, passes to the first input of the element OR 88 and the second input of the element OR 89, is set on the second and third outputs of the block 30 signals 1, to: the first inputs of the element of one candle) after the arrival the last one signal 1 from the output of the element OR 82, forms at the output a signal that triggers a timer,

XQ 68 to work. Timer 68 generates

a sequence of control pulses with a duration of 10 µs and a period T utf, i.e. the period of operation of the timer 68 is determined by the magnitude of the signal,

-with a timer arriving at the second input

68c setpoint 33. A single impulse from timer 68 goes to the second input elements OR 83 and 84, which leads to reset of the triggers 71 and 72 and to the setting on the fifth output of the O signal 30, to the second inputs of the triggers

69 and 70, wrapped the signals at their outputs, and the second inputs of elements And 76 and 77. The latter leads in the presence of a single signal, for example at the third input of block 30, to appearance 1 at the output of element And 76, then the appearance of single signals at the first and fourth outputs of block 30,

50

logical, only momentum

but the delay element 63 and the trigger 72: at the first input of the trigger 71, set at its output a signal 1, which is fed to the first input of the element AND 78 and the second input of the element OR 91 and from the output of the last to the fifth output

block 30. When signal 1 is generated during lifting of the drill string at the fifth input of block 30, it is fed to the second input of the element AND 79 and the second input of the element AND 78, from the output of the last to the first input of the element OR 85, and from its output - at the sixth output of block 30.

In the process of lowering the drill string, the block 30 logic operates from the first output of block 26 to the ninth input of block 30, which leads to the appearance of single signals on perlogical pulses 1 not received, which means they are absent at the output of the OR element. 82, therefore, the delay element 73, after a time delay D 3 3-5 min (the maximum duration of a single-start release cycle) after the arrival of the last resetting signal 1 from the output of the OR element 82, generates at the output a signal that starts the timer,

Q 68 to work. Timer 68 generates

a sequence of control pulses with a duration of 10 µs and a period T utf, i.e. the period of operation of the timer 68 is determined by the magnitude of the signal,

from the incoming to the second timer input

68c setpoint 33. A single pulse from timer 68 goes to the second input elements OR 83 and 84, which causes reset of the triggers 71 and 72 and installation — on the fifth output of the O signal 30, to the second inputs of the triggers

69 and 70, wrapped the signals at their outputs, and the second inputs of elements And 76 and 77. The latter results in the presence of a single signal, for example at the third input of block 30, to appearance 1 at the output of element And 76, then the appearance of single signals at the first and the fourth outputs of block 30,

0

714322048

and after a time delay Df element- after the time Dyj has expired 1 μs,

This 74 delay, to the appearance of 1 at the output of the latter and the installation of the trigger 69 in one state. The latter leads to the appearance of signal 1 at the second input of the element OR 86, and therefore at the seventh output of block 30, and at the first output of the element And 81, and in the presence of a single signal at the sixth input of block 30, both at its output, and hence at the ninth output of block 30.

At the time, if there is a single signal at the fourth input of block 30 and a pulse from timer 68, the block 30 works similarly, only signals 1 appear at the second, fourth and sixth outputs of block 30, and if there is a single signal at the seventh input of block 30, and at the eighth output of block 30.

A single signal level at the fifth output of the logical block 30 is maintained for the entire time.

ten

20

given by the BO delay element; and also to the fourth inputs (addr. inputs A2) of multiplexers 18 and 19 (FIG. 3). The last action connects the outputs of multiplexers 18 and 19 to the second inputs (inf. Inputs X3), and the signal from the second output of the sensor 35 i passes to the output of multiplexer 19 and then to the first inputs of the comparator 41 and the key 45 unlocked by the single signal at the second entrance; and the zero cn t from the output of the memory 48 is fed to the second input of the multiplexer 18, to the third input (inf. input Y) of the demultiplexer 21, and then with the signal 1 at its second input (addr A2) to the second output (inf . output Y2) of the demultiplexer 21 and the first input of the liquid volume calculation unit 23. The signal m DS, „„ from the output of the key 45 is fed to the eighth input of the display unit 29,

25 which causes the indicators 113 in logging, and the light indication of the value of m or n (Fig. 11).

launching, and the duration of signals 1 at the first to fourth outputs of block 30 is determined by the duration of control pulses received from the outputs of block 26 for determining the direction of the SSW at the beginning of the cycles of descent or lifting of the drill string to the length of the candle or from the output of timer 68. The duration of the specified control The pulses in the device are equal and equal to 10 µs. The signals from the outputs of the elements OR 87 and 88 are fed to the first and second inputs of the element OR 9, respectively, at the output of which, and thus at the tenth output of block 30, single pulses with a duration of 10 µs appear any time they appear on the first or the second output of block 30

In the process of lifting the pipe string from the well, the device operates as follows. At the beginning of the lifting cycle of the first candle (i 1), the control signal from the second output of the logic block 30 is fed to the second input of the flow meter signal processing unit 17, and therefore to the second input of the memory element 48 and the input of the delay element 50 (Fig. 4) , which results in writing to the memory element 48 a zero signal arriving at its first input from signal conversion block 47, and nocnefl-y-zeroing the output of block 47

0

given by the BO delay element; and also to the fourth inputs (addr. inputs A2) of multiplexers 18 and 19 (FIG. 3). The last action connects the outputs of multiplexers 18 and 19 to the second inputs (inf. Inputs X3), and the signal from the second output of the sensor 35 i passes to the output of multiplexer 19 and then to the first inputs of the comparator 41 and the key 45 unlocked by the single signal at the second entrance; and the zero cn t from the output of the memory element 48 is fed to the second input of multiplexer 18, to the third input (info. input Y) of the demultiplexer 21 and then, with a signal 1 at its second input (addr. A2) to the second output ( inf. output Y2) of the demultiplexer 21 and the first input of the liquid volume calculation unit 23. The signal m DS, „„ from the output of the key 45 is fed to the eighth input of the display unit 29,

5 that causes the operation of the indicators 113 in the log, and the light indication of the value of m or n (Fig. 11).

During the lifting of the candle, the level of flushing fluid in the well decreases, which causes its automatic refilling. The signal from the flow meter 5 through the public key 44 is fed to the first input of the signal converting unit 47, the output of which is the volume of the liquid added. it is presented in a convenient digital form. During the ascent of the first candle, its unscrewing, installation in the magazine, the descent of the unloaded elevator, etc., the liquid level is restored as a result of topping up, and the output of block 47 is a signal proportional to the volume of liquid v, topped after raising the first candle.

At the beginning of the lifting cycle of the second cricket (i 2) on the leading edge im- 1 from the second output of the block

0

five

0

five

pulse

130 logic v,, is recorded in the memory element 48 and is supplied similarly described to the first input of the liquid volume calculation unit 23, and the signal at the output of the block 47 is zeroed again and accumulation of the new volume begins

eat v liquid,

topped into the well after lifting the second candle. FIG. 13a shows the dependence of the magnitude of the signal at the second output of the logical block 30 on the time in the process

1432204 10

lifting columns, and in FIG. 136 —signals of pipe lengths and at the first input at the output of the sig-g processing unit 17 of the subtraction element 54, at the second input

cash flow meter.

The liquid volume calculation unit 23 (FIG. 6) performs the summation of the signals arriving at the first input; after lifting the i-th candle at the beginning of the lifting cycle (1 + 1) -th candle, the output of block 23 sets a signal proportional to the volume of liquid added from the moment of the start of the summation of the liquid

 V.X.i ", 2 .3 ... V ,; .i.

(one)

5 of the pipe volume (Fig. 3), at the first input of which a signal v пог p is fed. The summation is performed by the total volume of pipes of the p-th current participant 61, at the first input of which the signal v. the input of the plexer 20 for the implementation of the block 24 of the block 23, and the second input - a signal, 20 calculating the volume processed proportional to the amount received by the pipes. Served at the second entrance

after completion of the previous (i-l) -block 24 signal 1-f (2) to digital

lifting cycle and memorized in the element-form is fed to the input of the DAC 66

those 59 memories. At the start (i + 1) - (Fig. 8), from the output of which is analogous to the cycle, a signal proportional to v to (l), from the output of the adder 61 is fed to the first input (inf. Input D) of the memory element 59, and tenth block 30 logical to the third input of block 23, and therefore to the input of the element 60 delay, receives a single pulse. After a time delay Dto-3 MKS, sufficient for the signal v from the first output of block 17 to the first input of block 23 and for performing the summing, pulse 1 is fed to the second input (recording resolution C input) of memory element 59, on the leading edge of which the value v. is stored in digital form. This signal is applied to the input of the DAC 62, from the output of the last V. in analog form, it is fed to the output of block 23 and further to the first input of block 25 for calculating the complexity index.

According to the signals from the sensor 31 for moving the traveling block and the weight sensor 32, arriving at the first and second inputs of the block 52, the column lengths are calculated (FIG. 5), the latter generates a signal at the output proportional to the current length of the column in the well. At the beginning of the lifting cycle of the first candle 1, the cop 1 bw is stored in the memory element 53, and the output of the last signal is set as LI, LCKS. During lifting, a signal is supplied to the third output of block 27, which is fed from the output of memory element 53; At the output of the subtraction element 54, a signal of the current length of the processed pipes is formed.

IT 1kol ..- 1., lb (2)

supplied to the first input of the comparator 35 and to the second output of block 27 for calculating the length of pipes, and from the latter to the second input of block 24 for calculating

the volume of pipes (Fig. 3), to the first input of which a signal v р p is fed, the feed signal is fed to the second input of multiplier 67; the signal from the first input of block 24 arrives at the first input of the last. After raising the i-th candle from the output of multiplier 67 to the output unit 24 receives an analog signal, the value of which is proportional to the volume of pipes lifted from the beginning of reference

35

i.-, o.r ITJ .r IKO ..

(3)

The signal v - from the output of the block 24 is fed to the second input of the block 25 you-. the number of pokazafel complications 40 (Fig. 3). According to the signals v. and v after raising the i-th candle, at the output of block 25, a signal t is formed, whose value is determined as follows:

m

m

. 1.0 if V,.; - 0; v. 0; (four)

) 0; v, o (5)

V.i

if V,.,.

Signals V JJ. . and VT;

from the first and

The second inputs of block 25 (Fig. 12) are fed to the same inputs of the divider 118, at the output of which a signal m is generated, by (5) arriving at the first input (inf. input XI)

multiplexer 119. Signals v, j, and VT .; they are also fed to the first inputs of the comparators 120 and 121, respectively, the second inputs of which are connected to the common wire of block 25 and have

zero potential. Comparators 120 and 121 verify conditions v. , 0 0 respectively; signals from their outputs go to the first and second inputs of the OR element 122. If at least one of the specified conditions is fulfilled, the output of the OR 122 element sets up a single signal applied to the third (add. AI) input of the multiplexer 119, the fourth input of which ( addr, input A2) is connected to the common wire of the unit. At the second input (inf. Input X2) of the multiplexer 119, the signal from the setpoint 123 is constantly present, the value of which corresponds to the analogue unit. When the signal level at the third input of the multiplexer 119 is zero, the output of the latter, and therefore the output of block 25, is connected to the first input (input XI), therefore, the output of block 25 sets the signal m by (5), and at a single signal level at the third input of the multiplexer 119 the output of block 25 is set to the signal m. by (4).

The signal t from the output of block 25 is supplied (Fig. 3) to the second inputs of the comparators 41 and 42 and the first input of key 46. The signal t from the output of key 46 opened by a single signal at its second input is fed to the seventh input of block 29 of display which causes the operation of the indicators 112 w f and the light indication of the value of mj (Fig. 11).

Comparator 42 checks condition

T. 1.0,

(6)

when performing a signal of 1 s. its output is fed to the fifth input of the logical block 30, a single signal is set at the sixth output of the latter, and the indicator 109 Progress (Fig. 11) is triggered.

Comparator 41 checks inequality

PC SHAP.P

(7)

When this condition is fulfilled, a signal 1 is set at its output, which is indicated on the sixth input of the display unit 29, which triggers the indicator-alarm 117, the light indication of the Stop Stop banner. Attention.

. 143220412

The complication index m is defined as the quotient of dividing v by

V, In order to eliminate the influence of systematic errors of the channels

measuring v, and v on the accuracy of determining the division of the quantity m; integrating (summing) the volumes of the flushing

liquid and metal pipe is carried out at finite intervals of the length of the column / II, specified by the unit 34. Co parator 55 (Fig. 5) checks the condition

15

IT 1.

(eight)

if the signal 1 from its output is supplied to the first input of the element OR 58, and from the last output to the first input of the element 57; at the beginning of the next ascent cycle, a single impulse comes from the tenth output of the logic block 30 to the fifth input of the block 27 and the second input of the And 57 element, which leads to the launch of the one-shot 56 producing a reset pulse, which the output of the memory element 59 is zeroed in (Fig. 6) and the output of block 23, and in memory element 53, a new value of the length of the column L col. kCk is the number of the interval of length Jl since the beginning of the ascent). At this point in time, the signal from the output of the subtractor 54 1T O is supplied to the second input of block 27 and then (Fig. 3) to the second input of block 34, the output of the latter also zeroes in accordance with (3). Further operation of the device proceeds as described above, the volume of the pipes lifted from the beginning of the reference is calculated according to the equation

 V

O.PT .i

o.r

 code.i -iCOA.ir

(9)

45

50

In the lifting process, pipes of different sections of the drill string (Fig. 1) are sequentially processed: the fourth (P 4), the third (P 3), the second (P 2) and the first (P 1). Auto detect

linear volume v

o.r

processed

five

At a given moment in time, the pipe is performed by multiplexer 20, the first, second, third and fourth inputs of which are given signals v,; v, Vo.4, respectively, from the first, second, third and fourth outputs of the setpoint 37 (FIG. 3), controlled

13

on the fifth and sixth inputs (addr. A1, A2) signals from the first and second outputs of control unit 28; signals 1 -.j, and 1h-4, respectively, are sent to the first, second and third inputs of the last, respectively, from the first, second and third outputs of the setter 38. The signals It4 1 gz and I 3-4 start (Fig. 10) on the second inputs are responsible, respectively, of the collectors 94-96, to the first inputs of which a signal is applied to the fourth input of the unit 28 from the third output of the unit 27 for calculating the length of the pipes (Fig. 3). Comparator 95 (FIG. 10) tests the condition

at the third entrance - from the output element

And 102, when 1 ,, 1

one.

(P 3);

(18)

at the fourth entrance - from the first output of the comparator 96, when

1z-4 1

stake

(p 4).

(nineteen)

7 1

g-3

 -bed

KDA

 2-ij-i

When executing (10), signal 1 is set at its first output; when executed (11), at the second; when performing (12) - on the third. Comparators 94 and 95 work similarly. The signals from the second and third outputs of the composer parators 94-96 are fed to the first and second inputs of the OR 103-105 elements at the outputs of the latter, single signals are set up conditions:

The encoder 93 converts code 1 from n on inputs XI-X4 to binary code on outputs Y1, Y2. On the first Y1 and g second Y2 outputs of the encoder 93, a binary number is formed corresponding to the number of the input digit (0-3), to which 1 The signals from the first (10) and second outputs of the encoder 93 po2Q are given to the first and second outputs (t1) of the control unit 28.

(Fig. 3-) - to the fifth and sixth inputs (12). (addr. inputs A1, A2) of the multiplexer 20. The operation of the encoder 93 is uniquely described by the switching table.

35

(13) (14) (15)

The signals from the outputs of the elements OR 104 and 105 arrive at the inputs of the elements AND 101 and 102, the first inputs of which receive signals from the first, outputs, respectively, comparators 94 and 95. At any time during the SPO signal 1 is present only on one of the inputs encoder 93: on, the first input - from the output of the element OR 103, when

Im; (p Oi, (16)

at the second entrance - from the output of the element g AND 101, when

B.a 1 count .i (p 2); (17)

14

input - from the output element

102 when 1 ,, 1

one.

(P 3);

(18)

at the fourth entrance - from the first output of the comparator 96, when

1z-4 1

stake

(p 4).

(nineteen)

25 so

35

When fulfilling conditions (18) i.e. when lifting the pipes of the third section of the column (), signal 1 is installed at the third input of the encoder 93 (X3 1), while on its first input - O (), at the second input - 1 (Y2 1). The same combination of signals is set at the fifth and sixth control inputs of multiplexer a. 20 (,), which corresponds to the binary number 10 1 2, a. This will lead to the connection of the output of multiplexer 20 to the input of the X3 — the third input (FIG. 3) —and to supply the first input of the block 24 for calculating the volume of the pipe signal

 o.r

Vo, 3

 During the lifting of the drill string, the new readout IT unit 27 for calculating the length of pipes (FIG. 3) does not start 17

em indicator 11O Absorption; fulfilling the conditions

1432204

the dictator 111 q

the input of which the comparator gives from the first output of the stimulus expenditures on the condition

m

 f. .c

(22)

alarm indicator 117 Stop Stop is activated Attention and a signal sounds.

In the process of lowering the drill string, the tube length calculation unit 27, the control block 28 and the multiplexer 20 operate in the same way as described.

When forced simply during free production or drilling (with cessation of circulation), the presence of flow of flushing fluid at the wellhead or its absorption is determined by the signal processing units 16 and 17 of the flow meters. In the absence of manifestations and absorptions, the signal at the first input of the memory element 48 (FIG. 4) does not change in time, with 1 being set at the output of the comparator 49, and

kov 16 - 17 - signals O.

Upon the occurrence of, for example, absorption in an idle well, automatic flushing of the flushing fluid is performed, the signal from the flow meter 5 arrives at the first input of the unit 17 and at its second output is set 1, which arrives at the fourth input of the logical unit 30. The latter causes the occurrence of signal 1 at the seventh output of block 30, according to which the indicator 110 Absorption of the display unit 29 is triggered, and the appearance of single signals at its second and tenth outputs with a period of following T 4t, each of which from the first output of block 17 The signal vj is received, which is proportional to the volume of liquid added in the previous period 4t. This signal goes to the output of the multiplexer 18 and to the first input of the demultiplexer 21, since a single signal is set in this mode at the first input (addr A1) of the demultiplexer 21. Flow and liquid calculation unit 22 (fig. 7) by the signal at the second input V

. 3

and signal 4t coming

 at the first input from the setpoint 33, forms the output signal

, . -, (gz)

which is fed to the fifth input of the display unit 29 and is induced on the in18

the dictator 111 q

as well as to the first input of the comparator 40, to the second input of which a signal q 40 is applied. sweat from the first output of the setter 36 of allowable expenses (FIG. 3). Under the condition

}

 q

Yop. GO

(24)

the output of the comparator 40 sets signal 1, which is fed to the sixth input of logic unit 30, which leads to the appearance of a signal at the ninth output of the latter and cpa-i bump the indicator-indicator 116 rinse with a decrease in density.

When an occurrence occurs on the idle well, the indicator 109 is turned on, the signal v is removed from the first output of the flow meter processing unit 16 by the control signal from the first output of the logic unit 30, and the calculated value q. compared with q. pr on the comparator 39 (Fig. 3). When satisfied

thirty

q; q

LOP.

(25)

five

0

five

0

five

alarm indicator 115 is activated. Close the preventer. Rinse with increasing density.

Analog signal q. according to (23) at the output of the liquid flow calculation unit 22 (FIG. 7) changes in magnitude at moments lagging from each other in time by an amount multiple of 4t, since the digital signal v - arriving at the first input (inf The input D) of the memory element 63 is set at the output of the latter, and hence at the input of the digital library 64 at the moment of arrival of a single pulse from the ninth output of the logic unit 30 through the third input of the block 22 to the second input (write enable input) from the memory element 63. The clock pulses arrive at the third input of block 22 when it occurs or appears on an idle well at time intervals ut. FIG. 14 shows the dependence of the magnitude of the signal at the output of block 22 upon the occurrence of a manifestation on an idle well, t whose intensity initially grows and then stabilizes at q np.

lk. at the time of the condition. (8), but also at the moments of transition from a section of pipes of one linear volume to a section of another linear volume.

When raising, for example, the pipes of the third section of the column, the code combination of signals from the outputs of the encoder 93, received at the first inputs of the memory elements 99 and 100, is recorded at the moment of transition to the third section, the signals are stored at the outputs of the memory elements 99 and 100

about

M. Last served on

the first inputs of comparators 97 and 98, on g of melting, similar to block 17,

At the time of the beginning of the cycle cnvcica i

the second inputs of which receive current signals from the first and second outputs of the encoder 93, respectively. While the pipes of the third section continue to rise. the combination of the signals at the outputs of the encoder 93 does not change, while the outputs of the comparators 97. and 98 there are single signals, and the outputs of the elements HE 107 and 108 are zero signals. At the time of termination 25 of lifting the pipes of the third section (1 "ol - 1.2-3) and the transition to raising the pipes of the second section, the signals at the first and second outputs of the encoder 93 are changed. e, ts to 1 and O, respectively (Y ZO. key 45 1, Y2 0). At the same time, at the inputs of the comparators 97 and 98, the condition of voltage uniformity is not fulfilled, the signals O are set at their outputs, and the outputs of the HE elements 107 and 108 are signals 1, which are fed to the first and second inputs of the element OR lUb, and the signal 1 is from the output of the latter to the third output of the control unit 28, a fourth input of the unit 27 for calculating the length of pipes (FIG. 3), to the second input (FIG. 5) of the OR element 58 and from its outlet to the first input of the element And 57, At the start the next candle's lift cycle, the signal 1 is fed to the second input of the And 57 element, which leads to the launch of novibratora 56 generates a reset signal; the output of the liquid volume calculation unit 25 is nullified; in the memory element 53, the memory of the start of the cnycica candle cycle from the first output of the logic block 30 enters a control signal to the second input of the block 16 and the third input

20

35

f is the multiplex 1B and 19, with the signal from the first output of block 16, proportional to the volume of pro 5 “, shock liquid v,; , displaced i-th candle, is fed to the output of multiplexer 18, dshhey - to the second output of demultiplexer 21 and to the first input of block 23

the volume of the liquid, and the signal from the first output of the setting device 35 tdd is the output of the multiplexer 19 and the first in and ko mapatopa 41,

After the descent of the i-th candle to the first input of the block 25 for calculating the complication index, a signal is received, then: the diagonal volume of the fluid displaced from the moment of the beginning of the reading

V

.i

Iv

i

Ji

(20)

40

where v. ; - volume of fluid displaced

candle, and the second input receives a signal proportional to the volume of metal lowered into the well pipe

45

V.

  VO.P i LkoA.v

 one

V.OA,

(21

50

where Lnoi.k- is the length of the run-down column at the moment of the beginning of the k-k interval of the length d1; the current column length after the descent of the i-th candle. According to the input signals, the block 26 generates a signal t at the output. The values of t, - and sddd are indicated by the display unit 129; When condition (6) is fulfilled, the seventh output of the logic block 30 is given a signal to the second input of the indication block 29 and the signal

A new value of i was found, which led at the first moment of time to zeroing the output of subtraction element 54 and the arrival of the signal IT О from the second output of block 27 to the second input (fig. 3) of block 24 for calculating the volume of pipes, the latter will reset the output of block 24, Except of this, the reset signal will arrive (fig. 3) on the fifth

input of control unit 28, which means to the second inputs (write enable inputs) of memory elements 99 to 100 (Fig. 10), in which a new combination of output signals of the encoder 93 is stored, having established until the next change in the volume of pipes.

In the process of lowering the drill string, the amount of liquid in the chute is measured by the flow meter 6, the signal from which through the public key 43 is fed to the first input of the flow meter signal processing unit 16 At the start of the cnvcica cycle, the i

five

ABOUT . key 45

the start of the candle cnycica cycle from the first output of the logical block 30 receives a control signal to the second input of the block 16 and the third inputs

0

five

f is an п 1 и and 19 п, while the signal from the first output of block 16, proportional to the volume of pro 5 ″, is shock fluid v,; , displaced by the i-th candle, is fed to the output of multiplexer 18, dshhey - to the second output of demultiplexer 21 and to the first input of block 23

the volume of the liquid, and the signal from the first output of the setting device 35 tdd is output to the output of the multiplexer 19 and the first inputs to the mapatopa 41,

After the i-th candle is lowered to the first input of the indicator calculation unit 25 - complications, a signal comes in, prod: dianal to the volume displaced from the moment of the beginning of the reading of the liquid

Iv

i

Ji

(20)

ZO. key 45

40

where v. ; - volume of fluid displaced

candle, and the second input receives a signal proportional to the volume of metal lowered into the well pipe

ZO. key 45

45

V.

  VO.P i LkoA.v

 key 45

se1

where Lnoi.k- is the length of the run-down column at the moment of the beginning of the k-k interval of the length d1; the current column length after the descent of the i-th candle. According to the input signals, the block 26 generates a signal t at the output. The values of t, - and sddd are indicated by the display unit 129; When condition (6) is fulfilled, the seventh output of the logic block 30 is given a signal to the second input of the display unit 29 and slave. For the entire time of performing the STR, information about the current length of the drill string in meters is output from the third output of the tube length calculation unit 27 (Fig. 5) to the ninth input of the display unit 29 (Fig. 3) is displayed numerically on the indicator 114

In the proposed device, the inertia of the electropump 4 in the valley of the washing liquid is eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of maintaining the equilibrium state of the well-reservoir system during the SPO and increasing the accuracy of detecting deviations from the equilibrium state, i.e. The reliability of the device predicting the situation in the well is increasing. not: the latter is very important for wells carried out in complex geological and technical conditions characterized by the presence of high-permeability, low-strength formations and formations with AVPD.

Claims (6)

1. A device for monitoring the level of drilling fluid in the well and detecting emergency situations according to the author. St. No. 1328499, characterized in that, in order to control accuracy by maintaining an equilibrium state of the borehole-formation system during tripping and accuracy of detecting deviations from the equilibrium state, it is equipped with a topping-up capacity, a suction line, a discharge line, the first and second control valve, the lower part of the filling tank is connected by a suction pipe to the first inlet of the electric pump of the share circuit, the second inlet of which is connected to the output of the signal Ator state burovk pump output is connected Th five 0 five 0 five 0 five 0 cutting the discharge pipe to the first inputs of the first and second valves, the second inputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second outputs of the control element}, whose input is connected to the output of the signal processing unit, while the output of the first valve is connected to the pipeline, topping-up, the output of the second the valve is connected through the pipeline to the top of the top-up tank; the ten output of the logic unit is connected to the third inputs of the flow rate calculation unit and the length calculation unit, the third output of which is Dinen with the ninth input of the display unit. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the logical block, the eleventh element OR is entered, the first input of the eleventh element OR is connected to the first output of the block, the second input is connected to the second output of the block, and the output is the tenth output of the block. 3. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe length calculation unit is provided with a fifth input, the second input of the And element being the fifth input of the block. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the block of indication is equipped with an indicator 1 "one, and the input of the indicator is the ninth input of the block. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid flow calculation unit is provided with a third input, the second input of the memory element being the third input of the unit. 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the unit for calculating the fluid volume is provided with a delay element, the input of the delay element being the third input of the block and the output connected to the second input of the memory element. FIG. one F "/8.4 Phage. five D / g. 7 Fig.c P one . Ik .fO 4-® z ..J ifj t F