SU1425475A1 - Device for measuring heat quantity - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to thermal measurements and relates to devices for measuring the amount of heat carried by superheated steam in heat and power plants. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of measurement of co. the quality of warmth. The device contains primary transducers of 1, 3, 5, 7 pressure, steam temperature, pressure difference and temperature of cold water, respectively. The primary transducers are included respectively in the circuit 2, 4, 6, 8 transducers of primary quantities into electrical signals. The device also includes an integrator 9, the first analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 10, the second ADC 11, keys 12 and 13. Block 14 synchronizes the operation of the ADC. The number of pulses accumulated by counter 15 is proportional to the amount of heat transferred by superheated steam. 1 hp f-ly, 3 ill. o (l

Description

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The invention relates to the field of thermal measurements, namely to devices for measuring the amount of heat carried by superheated steam in heat and power plants, heat meters.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of measurements of the amount of heat transferred by superheated steam by taking into account the temperature of the source water, which serves to obtain superheated steam.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the device; in fig. 2 - functional block diagram of the synchronization of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC); in fig. 3 - timing diagrams explaining the operation of the ADC and the ADC operation synchronization unit.

The device contains a primary measuring transducer 1 pressure, included in the circuit of the pressure transducer 2 into an electrical signal, the primary transducer 3 temperature, taking into account the characteristics of the transducers 2 and 4 Up Kp (P + A) and (T + B), is determined by

TP + B

where K |, Kp, Ktp., A, B are constant coefficients.

The signal with the duration iz is fed to the first input of the ADC operation synchronization block 14, the second input of which receives the signal TA | С | third cycle autocorrection zero from the second output of the second ADC 11. Block 14 divides the frequency of the signal tz after the inverter 19 by the divider 22 (Fig. 3 g), using the logic switch AND IS NOT 25 and the inverter 21 selects the time pulse signals iz2 (Fig. 3 d ) and synchronizes the beginnings of the first cycles of the second pair conversion cycles included in the conversion scheme of the 2nd ADC 11 (Fig. 3e) with the start of the second cycles of the conversion cycles of the first ADC 10 (Fig. 3, c) using AND-NOT elements 24, 26 and 27 of the inverter 20 and the splitter 23 of the reference frequency fo pulses into two (Fig. 2)

Resistors 16-18 serve to create the 25 required voltage levels at the 1.4 and 2 nd inputs of the sync block 14.

The signal closes the second key 13 for a duration, and the voltage UAp from the output of the differential pressure converter 6 to the electrical signal is supplied to the analogue 4 of the steam temperature to the electric signal, the primary differential pressure measuring transducer 5 included in the differential pressure converter 6 circuit to the electric signal primary source water temperature measuring transducer 7, included in the source water temperature to electric signal converter circuit 8, integrator 9 with zero input state, first 10 and second II integral ADCs of double integration, first first input (Uexa) of the second ADC 11.

12 and 13 second keys, block 14 synchronization of the ADC, the counter. 15 pulses.

Block 14 synchronization of the ADC (Fig. 2) contains resistors 16-18, inverters 19-21, dividers 22 and 23 of the frequency of the pulses into two, the logical elements AND NOT 24-27.

The device works as follows.

The conversion cycles (Fig. 3) of TC2 of the first ADC 10 and TC1 of the second ADC 11, consisting of three cycles, have a constant duration, and the condition

TS 2Tts2.

In the first step of converting the first ADC 10 during the time T2 (Fig. 3a), the voltage Up from the output of the pressure converter 2 to the electrical signal is fed to the analog first input UBX; ADC 10. The voltage Urri from the output of the converter 4 for steam temperature to an electrical signal enters the second conversion step to the second input Uo ,, of the first ADC 10. The integrator ADC 10 is charged and discharged (Fig. 3b). The duration of the pulse signal at the first output of the first ADC 10

35

40

The voltage UTXB from the output of the converter 8 of the source water temperature into an electrical signal is fed to the input of the integrator 9 with the installation input to the zero state, and in the second conversion cycle t | the second ADC 11 voltage from the output of the integrator 9, linearly increasing (in absolute value, Fig. 3 e) is fed to the second input of the Uona ADC I. Pulse width

v

2T2- ts

UAP UTXB

where T2 is a constant integrated integrator 45 of the ADC 11,

and taking into account the characteristics of the 6 and 8 transducers and the spacecraft id A / - and UTXB Ктхв (Тхв -f - | - В) is defined by

50

  Wt2TT Kz- /

DR (R 4-A) (Tn + B} (Thb + C)

55

where K2, Kz, CAR. Cthw, B - constant coefficients, which are the device settings. By the signal ti, the key 12 is opened and the counting pulses from the second output of primary2 T2 begin to arrive at the pulse counter 15.

and

etc

and taking into account the characteristics of converters 2 and 4 Up Kp (P + A) and (T + B), is determined by the expression

TP + B

where K |, Kp, Ktp., A, B are constant coefficients.

The signal with the duration iz is fed to the first input of the ADC operation synchronization block 14, the second input of which receives the signal TA | С | third cycle autocorrection zero from the second output of the second ADC 11. Block 14 divides the frequency of the signal tz after the inverter 19 by the divider 22 (Fig. 3 g), using the logic switch AND IS NOT 25 and the inverter 21 selects the time pulse signals iz2 (Fig. 3 d ) and synchronizes the beginning of the first cycles of conversion cycles of the second ADC 11 (Fig. 3 d) with the start of the second cycles of conversion cycles of the first ADC 10 (Fig. 3, c) using the elements AND-NOT 24, 26 and 27 of the inverter 20 and the divider 23 of the reference pulse frequency fo two (Fig. 2)

35

40

The voltage UTXB from the output of the converter 8 of the source water temperature into an electrical signal is fed to the input of the integrator 9 with the installation input to the zero state, and in the second conversion cycle t | the second ADC 11 voltage from the output of the integrator 9, linearly increasing (in absolute value, Fig. 3 e) is fed to the second input of the Uona ADC I. Pulse width

v

2T2- ts

UAP UTXB

where T2 is a constant integrated integrator 45 of the ADC 11,

and taking into account the characteristics of the 6 and 8 transducers and the spacecraft id A / - and UTXB Ктхв (Тхв -f - | - В) is defined by

50

  Wt2TT Kz- /

DR (R 4-A) (Tn + B} (Thb + C)

55

where K2, Kz, CAR. Cthw, B - constant coefficients, which are the device settings. The key 12 opens the signal ti and the counter 15 pulses begin to receive counting pulses from the second output of the first ADC 10. The number of counting pulses N over time ti is proportional to the amount of heat Q transferred by superheated steam in the heat and power plants, taking into account the temperature Thv of the source water

PK - .. / AP (P + A) Q - K V / T „+ B (Tx,

(Tn + B) {TxB-f B)

which is connected to the first input of the first analog-to-digital converter and to the output of a differential pressure converter circuit to an electrical signal, the circuit outputs of the pressure transducer and steam-to-electrical temperature circuit are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the second analog-digital npeq6pa3o-inverter circuit The zodia in the electrical signal is connected to the input of the integrator, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first analog-digital converter, the first output of which is connected nen fourth chho- house sync block, the control WMOs

where K4 is a constant coefficient.

The device makes it possible to increase the accuracy of measuring the amount of heat transferred by superheated steam by taking into account the amount of heat introduced by the source of water supply 5 to the first key and the installation input to it, which increases the accuracy of determining the integrator zero state.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a synchronization unit is inserted in it, comprising first, second and third resistors, first, second and third inverters, 20 first and second frequency dividers, emulsi into two, first, second. the third and fourth logical elements are NOT, the first input of the synchronization unit is connected to the input of the first inverter and the first pressure and steam temperature connected by 25 with the water of the first resistor; the second output is connected to the power bus, respectively second pressure and temperature pair of steam into electrical signals, an integrator with an installation input in the zero state, a first analog-to-digital converter, a first class switch, a pulse counter, characterized in that, with the aim of increasing the accuracy of measurements of the colony energy of the heat-generating installations.

Invention Formula

1. Device for measuring the amount of heat transferred by superheated steam, containing primary measuring transducers installed in the pipeline

the input of the block is connected to the input of the second inverter and the first output of the second resistor, the second output of which is connected to the common bus, the third input of the block is connected to the input of the second pulse frequency divider into two, the fourth input of the block is connected to the first input of the first AND-NAND element and the first output The third resistor, the second output of which is connected to the power bus, the second input of the first elevator of the unit is connected to the input of the second inverter and the first output of the second resistor, the second output of which is connected to the common bus, the third input of the connection block the input of the second pulse frequency divider into two, the fourth input of the block is connected to the first input of the first NAND element and the first output of the third resistor, the second output of which is connected to the power bus, the second input of the first element of heat transferred by superheated steam, is additionally entered The primary differential pressure transducer included in the differential pressure transducer circuit in the electrical system is NOT connected to the output of the second signal, the primary measuring inverter, the input of the first section tel frequency converter the water temperature in the water supply source included in the water temperature to electrical signal converter circuit, the second analog-digital converter, the second key, the synchronization unit, the first input of which is connected to the first output of the second analog-digital converter, the second output of which is connected with the first input of the first pulse on two connected to the output of the first inverter and the first input of the second element AND-NOT, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first frequency divider imp lsov into two, and an output coupled to an input of the third inverter whose output is connected to the second output of the synchronizing unit and the first input of the third AND-NO element, a second input coupled to

cha and with the third input of the synchronous block .g output of the first NAND element, output tre,.,,. . ..11ТТ. . ...

the first output of which is connected to the third input of the first analog-digital converter, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the synchronization unit, the second output of which is connected to the control input of the second key, the input

The second element AND-NOT is connected to the first input of the fourth element AND-NOT, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second pulse frequency divider by two, the output of the fourth element AND-NOT is connected to the first output of the synchronization unit.

0

which is connected to the first input of the first analog-to-digital converter and to the output of a differential pressure converter circuit to an electrical signal, the circuit outputs of the pressure transducer and steam-to-electrical temperature circuit are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the second analog-digital npeq6pa3o-inverter circuit The zodia in the electrical signal is connected to the input of the integrator, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first analog-digital converter, the first output of which is connected nen fourth chho- house sync block, the control vho5 to the first switch and input for setting to zero the integrator state.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a synchronization unit is inserted in it, comprising the first, second and third resistors, the first, second and third inverters, the first and second frequency dividers of emulsions into two, first, second, third and the fourth NAND logic elements, wherein the first input of the synchronization unit is connected to the input of the first inverter and the first output of the first resistor; the second output of which is connected to the power bus, the second

the input of the block is connected to the input of the second inverter and the first output of the second resistor, the second output of which is connected to the common bus, the third input of the block is connected to the input of the second pulse frequency divider into two, the fourth input of the block is connected to the first input of the first AND-NAND element and the first output The third resistor, the second output of which is connected to the power bus, the second input of the first element AND-NOT is connected to the output of the second inverter, the input of the first frequency divider

ment is NOT connected to the output of the second inverter, the input of the first frequency divider

two pulses are connected to the output of the first inverter and the first input of the second NAND element, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first pulse frequency divider by two, and the output is connected to the input of the third inverter whose output is connected to the second output of the synchronization unit and the first input of the third element NAND, the second input of which is connected to

the output of the first element AND-NOT, the output of the alarm output of the first element AND-NOT, the output of the three .. 11TT. . ...

The second element AND-NOT is connected to the first input of the fourth element AND-NOT, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second pulse frequency divider by two, the output of the fourth element AND-NOT is connected to the first output of the synchronization unit.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. A device for measuring the amount of heat transferred by superheated steam, comprising primary pressure and steam temperature transducers installed in the pipeline, included respectively in the circuits of pressure and steam temperature transducers into electrical signals, an integrator with the unit input to zero, the first analog-to-digital converter , the first key, a pulse counter, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of measuring the amount of heat carried by superheated steam, The primary differential pressure transducer included in the differential pressure to electric signal converter circuit, the primary water temperature transducer in the water supply source, included in the water temperature to electric signal converter circuit, the second analog-to-digital converter, the second key, synchronization unit, the first the input of which is connected to the first output of the second analog-to-digital converter, the second output of which is connected to the first input of the first and with the third input of the synchronization unit, the first output of which is connected to the third input of the first analog-to-digital converter, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the synchronization unit, the second output of which is connected to the control input of the second key, the input of which is connected to the first input of the first analog -digital converter and with the output of the differential pressure to electric signal converter circuit, the outputs of the pressure and steam temperature to electric signal converter circuits are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the second analog-to-digital converter, the output of the circuit of the water temperature to electric signal converter is connected to an integrator input, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first analog-to-digital converter, the first output of which is connected to the fourth input of the synchronization unit, controlling the input of the first key and the input of the installation to the zero state of the integrator. 2. The device according to π. 1, characterized in that a synchronization unit is introduced into it, comprising first, second and third resistors, first, second and third inverters, first and second pulse frequency dividers by two, first, second, third and fourth logical elements AND-NOT, when an atom, the first input of the synchronization unit is connected to the input of the first inverter and the first output of the first resistor,?, the second output of which is connected to the power bus, the second input of the unit is connected to the input of the second inverter and the first output of the second resistor, the second output of which is connected to the common bus , the third input of the block is connected to the input of the second pulse frequency divider by two, the fourth input of the block is connected to the first input of the first AND-NOT element and to the first output of the third resistor, the second output of which is connected to the power bus, the second input of the first AND-NOT element is connected to the output of the second inverter, the input of the first pulse frequency divider into two is connected to the output of the first inverter and the first input of the second AND-NOT element, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first pulse frequency divider to two, and the output is connected to the input the second inverter, the output of which is connected to the second output of the synchronization unit and the first input of the third AND-NOT element, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first AND-NOT element, the output of the third AND-NOT element is connected to the first input of the fourth AND-NOT element, the second input which is connected to the output of the second pulse frequency divider by two, the output of the fourth element is NOT connected to the first output of the synchronization unit. Figure 2