SU1418064A1 - Apparatus for measuring deviations of vertical press slide movements - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to forging and pressing machinery, in particular, to the construction of devices for measuring the deflection of the movement of the half-sheave of vertical pressing equipment. The aim of the invention is to improve the measurement accuracy by performing, as appropriate, the blocks for loading the slider, registering elastic oscillations of the installation parts, monitoring the position of the slider and measuring its stroke. When the press crawl goes down, the upper plate 1 rigidly connected with it is in contact with the spherical surface of the punch. The latter performs a technological operation, self-adjusting, in the matrix relative to the top plate 1. When the slider is skewed and, accordingly, the top plate 1, the columns 6 act on the ball direction 7, and the latter on the sleeve 11, shifting it in the horizontal plane and turning slider skew angle. The sleeve 11 in turn acts on the measuring pins 14, and the latter - on the recording elements 12. 6 IP. , f i (L 4ib 00 O O) 4

Description

 one

The invention relates to a forging press building, in particular, to the construction of devices for measuring the deviation of the movement of a slider of a vertical pressing installation.

The purpose of the invention is improving accuracy.

FIG. 1 shows the device, a general view; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; Fig. 3 shows a block for controlling the position of the slider at the time of adjustment before the start of measurement; Fig. 4

bb incision on fit 2; on fsg 5 - view B in fig „2; FIG. 6 is a diagram for measuring the movement deviation of a slide;

Pressing unit in which the device is used for measuring

five

using the nut 17. In the process of setting up the control unit for the position of the slider, the fixing half rings 18 "are installed on the hub 1

The registration unit for elastic oscillations of the press unit parts is made (FIG. 4) in B1, a bracket 19, a sensor mounted in it in the form of an elastic strip 20, and also a rod 22 mounted on the bracket 19 and spring-loaded 21 relative to it with non-magnetic 23 and magnetic 24 washers.

The loading unit (Fig. 1 is embodied in the form of a washer 5 connected by a punch 5 with a rod 26, spring-loaded springs 27 relatively inlet

the deviation of the movement of the slide, which includes a puller 28 in this block.

It is stamped with the upper and lower 2 plates. The lower plate 2 is mounted on the table (not shown), and the upper plate .1 is connected to the slider 4 by means of a shank 3 by a punch 5.

The device contains blocks of loading, registration of elastic oscillations of the installation details, control of the position of the slider 4, as well as support under

The support for the loading unit is made (Fig. 2) in the form of cylindrical plates 29 and 30 mounted one on another with facing each other. The stamp also contains spherical surfaces containing

each of the plates 29 and 30.

In the bottom plate 2, a window 31 is made with a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the plates 29 and 30 and the total we 30 of the greatest displacement of the Luanson 5 relative to the longitudinal axis of the installation.

loading block

The control unit for the position of the slider 4 is made (FIG. 3) in the form of a column 6 with ball bearings 7 mounted on the top plate 1 mounted on the bottom plate 2 of the housing 8 with a stepped central hole placed in a larger opening of the ring stage; 9 with a spherical concave surface mounted between the ring 9 and the housing 8 of the bearing 0 mounted on the ring 9 and in the small opening of the stage of the housing 8 with the sphere covering (guides 7 bushings 1 and 1 with a spherical convex surface in the form of the said surface of the ring 9, recording elements 12, and also located in the housing 8 along it, and spring-loaded springs 13 measuring pins I 4 with a rear-perpendicular arrangement in each pair,

At the end of the sleeve 1i, an elastic element 15 is installed, intended to see the contact of the sleeve 1 1 with the bit 16 when the slide is reversed.

The force of the spring P and, consequently, the position of the PP ifft 4 ret is aligned with

five

0

,

each of the plates 29 and 30.

In the bottom plate 2, a window 31 is made with a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the plates 29 and 30 and the total wave size of the maximum Luanson 5 relative to the longitudinal axis of the installation.

The plates 29 and 30 are mounted on a table in the window 31 of the bottom plate 2.

On the plate 29 is installed matrix 32 with a failure hole 33.

The stroke measurement unit of the slide A contains (FIG. 5 a rack 34 attached by screws 35 to the bottom plate 2, base 36, connected with screws 37 to the top plate 1, and elastic plate 38, the latter being a beam of equal resistance 5 which are attached to the strain gauges (not shown.) One end of the elastic plate 38 is in contact with the bevel on the rack 34, and the other end is attached with the help of the bar 39 and screws 40 to the base 36. The force of the elastic plate 38 to the bevel on the rack 34 is adjusted by the displacement of the base 36 or the installation of gaskets (not shown) between the strap 39 and the base 36.

The device works as follows.

Before the beginning of the measurement between the cover 16 and the sleeve 11., Take the semi-ring 18,

0

which contribute to the installation of the sleeve 11 in the middle initial position. This position is the initial one when registering its horizontal –and angular displacements. Next, the half rings 18 are removed and the press slider 4 is turned on for a working stroke.

When the press slider 4 moves down, the upper plate 1 rigidly connected with it contacts the spherical surface of the punch 5. The latter, guided by the puller 28, compresses the springs 27 and cuts the workpiece. At the same time, the punch 5 and the die 32, connected with the plate 29, self-align, turning at a certain angle relative to the upper plate 1 and the plate 30, have practically no effect on the errors of movement of the slide. The skew of the slider 4, due to the geometrical errors of manufacturing and assembling the press, increased gaps due to wear and thermal deformation of the slider guides, as well as the elastic deformation of the installation parts under load, is completely transmitted to the upper plate 1, in which the columns 6 are fixed. Coming down, they act through ball bearings 7 on sleeve 11, fixed in the longitudinal direction, displacing it in a horizontal plane and turning at an angle equal to the skew angle of the slide 4.

These horizontal and angular displacements of the sleeve 11, which correspond to the positional errors of the slider in its idle and working stroke, cause the measuring pins 14 to move. The latter deform the recording elements 12, on which are load cells (not shown). The conversion of electrical signals from strain gauges and their recording is performed using any standard strain gauge equipment.

The slider position control unit measures and records the displacements of the latter in the horizontal plane, as well as its skew angle according to the difference of readings of the measuring pins vertically spaced 1 from each other 14. A pin 17 is used to ensure the contact of the pins 14 with the side surface of the sleeve 11, providing an adjustable pressing of the pin to the sleeve 11 even at a high frequency of elastic oscillations of the slide at the moment

sudden application or release of load. The high accuracy of measurement also contributes to the lack of longitudinal movement of the sleeve 11 relative to the measuring pins 14 and

location of the latter in mutually perpendicular directions. Installation on the bottom plate 2 of two measuring blocks for controlling the position of the slide with pins 14, placed

opposite to each other, it makes it possible to register linear and angular displacements and oscillations of the installation slider both in statics and in dynamics. For example, if in one

from the control blocks, the pins 14 even with significantly compressed springs 13 do not have time to press against the side surface of the sleeve 11, which is quickly moving away from them, oscillating with a high frequency together with the slider, the oppositely located pins in another block register the displacement in their direction.

The overlap of two oscillograms, obtained by means of two oppositely installed recording elements 12, on each other, allows to obtain all the parameters of the oscillatory process of the slide in this plane.

The distance 1 between the measuring pins 14 is determined as follows.

During the course of the slide 4 downwards (fig. B), the angle of its skew in the guides

equals

2Z

L

2Z

H costf

where Z is the value of one sided 45 zoor in guides;

L is the length of the bearing part of the guides;

H - the height of the ram. The angle c can be measured with the help of two measuring pins 14, located vertically one above the other in the position control unit

slider

555

tgtf

Lg:;. Th;

G-

where D (is the displacement of the upper measuring pin when the slider is skewed;

five

uj - movement of the lower measuring pin when the slider is skewed;

The difference between the displacements of the upper and lower pins, which characterizes the skew angle of the slide. Equated to the right, the parts of these two equations, we obtain an expression for determining the distance 1 between two measuring pins 14, installed vertically one above the other.

S 1 - H.cosCf.

From this outflow, it follows that with a decrease in the angle (skew of the slider and increase in its height H, at a certain difference S between displacements of two measuring pins 1A, which you can measure with the aid of the available recording elements (sensors, indicators, etc.) between the measuring pins increases, therefore, to improve the accuracy of measuring the skew angle of the slider, the distance 1 between the pins 14 (fig) located in the control block of the slider’s position vertically one above the other should be maximally possible

Considering that

Sln (f

2Z

-R2Z

and in view of the smallness of the angle of inclination of the slider to the guides, the tangent and sine of the angle of inclination are approximately equal, the ratio between the distance and the height of the slider H has the form

1 G n

Since the value of 5 depends on the accuracy of the registered and tariro devices, determined in the first approximation at the cost of dividing the available measuring means, and the maximum total gap 2Z in the guides is according to the standards of accuracy: for domestic press installations when checking for deviation from the perpendicular course slider to the surface of the table, the highest value of the above ratio is

i 1 O

H77

n - - // n

6A6

where o max 0.0 mm is the price of dividing the dial indicator according to

GOST;

, 01 mm - the magnitude of the total gap between the slider and guides

single cranks

open presses with an effort of less than 0.16 MN according to GOST,

and the least is

one

n

where 5, 0.001 mm is the price of dividing multiturn

dial gauge according to GOST;

| p - 0.0025,

 pl with

, 4 mm - the value of the total gap between the slider and the guides of two-crank closed presses with an effort of more than 16 MN according to GOST.

The same maximum value of the total clearance between the slider and the guides has four-crank closed sheet stamping presses with a stroke of more than 0.71 m according to GOST.

Thus, the ratio of the distance and 1 between the measuring pins 14 in the proposed device to the height of the slider H of the sheet-stamping crank presses is in the range –i 0.0025 - 1.0. P

The displacement L of the upper measuring pin 14 when the slider 4 is skewed in the guides is determined from the following equation:

tgtj)

U,

-G

BUT,

2Z

where h is the distance between the lower plane of the slider and the longitudinal axis

upper measuring pin, from where

ZOJ).

D1

Similarly, an expression is obtained for calculating the displacement of the lower measuring pin 14:

small movements, etc., have high sensitivity.

Thus, the process of deformation g (separation) of the workpiece is recorded completely with a recorder or oscilloscope recording the magnitude of the vertical elastic oscillations of the slide with sharp application and removal of the load. 10 The amount of overshoot of the slider after cleaving the material in the case of execution of the punching operation is also recorded.

The rod 22 of the registration block of the elastic can be found the required. Total - is oscillations of the slide has a reliable. 2 (H 4 2h + 21) L ,, -

In the case of the known ratio of displacements of the lower and upper measuring chafts

AL H U H + 2h

1 between them at given values of H and h for a specific pressing installation:

H +

2h, Lg .- (

- ABOUT.

Substituting in dependence - tgCf

Lg,

expression for determining the displacement U, the upper measuring pin 14, we obtain the equation for calculating the smallest slope angle C | a slider to the guides, which allows to measure the proposed devices

& iL-Z (H 2h) Cf arctgJ--

The blocks for controlling the position of the slide allow the horizontal and angular displacements of the press slide to be fixed at idle (no load unit) and at the working stroke under load both in statics and in dynamics.

When the slide is down, when the punch reaches the workpiece 1-2 mm, the top plate 1 contacts the magnetic washer 24 of the elastic wave recorder

Further movement of the upper plate 1 occurs in conjunction with the rod 22, the bevel of which deforms the elastic bar 20 associated with the recording elements. Due to the small stroke of the spring-loaded stem 22, which is equal to

S t + (2-4)

mm

where t is the thickness of the workpiece placed on the matrix 32 of the loading block,

recording elements (strain gages, inductive contactless dataplaning in the vertical plane and controls only the vertical displacements of the slide A. During the working stroke of the slide, the stem 22 is connected

the upper plate 1 and the slider 4 by means of a magnetic washer 24, which makes it possible to fix their micro displacement (within the elastic deformation) both up and down.

The non-magnetic washer 23 is designed to prevent the magnetic field of the washer 24 from affecting the accuracy of the readings of the recording elements of the elastic vibration detection unit.

The stroke measuring unit of the slider 4 operates with the up and down stroke. In this case, the elastic plate 38, made in the form of a beam of equal resistance with the load cells pasted on it, contacts the bevel of the stand 34 and is deformed, thereby fixing the amount of movement of the slide along the entire range of its movement. This makes it possible to relate the transverse oscillations of the slider, registered by the slider position control unit and vertical oscillations under load-unloading, recorded by the elastic oscillation detection unit 7, with the slider stroke at any time.

Measurement of all listed parameters characterizing the accuracy of the installation can be performed with

using the proposed device both for idle movements of the slide when removing the loading unit, and under load. In the latter case, the longitudinal axis of the loading unit may coincide with the axis of the slider (central load) or move relative to the axis of the slider (eccentric load) within the recommended limits. In this case, the loading unit is not.

9 U

has contact with the bottom plate 2 and does not affect the accuracy of the measuring and recording devices attached to it.

 After raising the slider 4 to the extreme upper position, the punch 5 moves upwards with springs 27, and the measuring pins 34 are pressed against the sleeves 1, which have been set to their original average position, with the help of springs 13. With the upward stroke, plate 1 is denied the magnetic washer 24 and the rod 22 remains in the upper position due to the przpkin 21.

Calibration of all the described recording elements is carried out using dial gauges mounted in adjustable holders on the table or using any other known devices.

The technical and economic effect of the implementation of the invention in comparison with the basic object is provided by an increase in the measurement accuracy.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for measuring the deviation of the slider of a vertical pressing unit, includes a die with two plates, the bottom of which is mounted on the table, and the upper is connected via a shank to the slider, and also a punch containing loading blocks, registering elastic oscillations of the parts of the control of the slider position, and Also supported under the loading unit, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy, the control unit of the slider position is made in the form of a column mounted in the top plate 806410 ball guides mounted on the bottom plate of the housing with a stepped central hole placed in a larger hole of a ring with a spherical concave surface mounted between the ring and the bearing housing, mounted on the ring and in a small hole of the stage of the body with the coverage of the ball guide bushings with a spherical a tight surface according to the shape of the surface of the ring, the recording elements, and 5 placed in the housing along it and spring-loaded relative to the housing pairs of measuring pins with a mutually perpendicular arrangement in each pair and their possible interaction with the sleeve and recording elements, the elastic recording unit, oscillations made in the form of a bracket mounted in it a sensor in the form of an elastic the strips, - as well as the stem installed in the bracket and spring-loaded relative to it with successively non-magnetic and magnetic washers placed on it, the support under the loading unit is made in ide 0 two cylindrical plates mounted one on another with spherical surfaces facing each other in each of the plates, a window with a diameter in the bottom plate, 35 equal to the outer diameter of the said plates and the total value of the greatest displacement of the punch relative to the longitudinal axis of the installation, wherein the plates are mounted in the said The window and the pins are installed to interact with the sleeve and the corresponding register elements. N . View 8 FIG. five FIG. 6