SU1417854A1 - Method of uear-round keeping of bees in the mobile apiary and arragement effecting same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to beekeeping. The purpose of the invention is to increase the honey collection and reduce labor costs. Bees are placed in section 3 of the pavilion. Sections 3 are divided by grids 7.8 into cells 4 in which cassettes 5 with honeycomb frames are installed. The queue is placed autonomously in cells 4, restricting their movement with mesh inserts 9. Bees of all age groups have the opportunity to move freely in the pavilion, which ensures self-distribution of bodies over cells 4 and frees the beekeeper from additional work. For anti-varicose heat treatment of bees directly in the pavilion and winter heating of the bees in the pavilion, a ventilation is installed (L 00 el i4

Description

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 electric power box (f-rm Russian spec. 3. Sub 1, Eri BeFrTH.nsTTopoM, connected with temperature notation with best autotransit channels 15, amplified. 2 s, 2 z, pfl, 5 ill.

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The invention relates to beekeeping, in particular to the pavilion content of bees.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the honey collection and reduce labor costs during maintenance.

FIG. 1 shows a pavilion, side view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view; in fig. 3 is the same, rear view in FIG. 4 - pavilion section, general view; in fig. 5 is an electrical temperature control circuit.

In Pavilion 1 with a vestibule 2 sections 3 for bees are located along the side walls. The sections are divided into cells 4, in which the cassettes 5 are installed on ten Dadanov frames (not shown). In the cassettes 5 there are frame feeders 6. The cells are divided between each other by vertical 7 and 8 horizontal separating grids and are equipped with removable mesh inserts 9 and aperture 10. In the sections, pallets are installed in the lower part 11. In the front wall of each section there are openings 12 with flexible transitions 13 for easy passage of the bees. The sections are closed by the doors 14. In the lower part of the sections there are ventilation channels 15 with doors 16. The pavilion has ventilation channels 17 and 18 with valves 19. The channels communicate with the cavity of the pavilion, in which the electric air heaters 20 and the electric fan 21 are installed. the latter are an electric board 22 and a control panel 23. In the pavilion there is a luminaire 24, a window block 25, a bee remover 26, a window vent 27, a device 28, which protects against scattering of the bees. The pavilion has a rack 29, a honey extractor 30, a machine 31 for printing honeycombs, a capacity 32 for storing honey and water, a capacity 33 for storing cassettes with frames

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kami, container 34 for storing the tool.

The maintenance of bees in the pavilion is carried out as follows.

A device for automatically maintaining a given temperature during heat treatment of bees and in winter (Fig.5) includes an automatic starter Q, fuses P, an electric meter S, a magnetic starter of an electric fan K., a fan motor M, a magnetic starter of an electric air heater K, electric heaters with a capacity of 800 W, time relay switch K, control lamps H - Hj.- Nz, time switch SB, and SB; time relay PB and PB.J, thermostat UKT-4, contact thermometer TPK. The device is assembled from limestone {x elements and has no fundamental novelty.

The settlement of the pavilion was made after a cleansing flight of the bees to the ears in case of stable warm weather. Before placing the cassettes 5 with bees into the cells 4 of the pavilion 3 in vertical 7 and horizontal 8 lattices, removable mesh inserts 9 with 3x3 mm cells are installed to prevent the bees from escaping into adjacent cells, and the openings 12 are barked. Transfer frames from ul to cassette. The amount of feed stocks, the presence of brood and uterus are determined. The completed cassettes are transferred to the pavilion and installed in cells 4 with openings of cut-outs 12 (2, -4- and 6th from top to bottom). In the 1st, 3rd, and 5th cells, cassettes with land and honeycombs are installed. Each uterus works autonomously in two cells vertically separated from adjacent pairs by horizontal bars 8. In this way, they occupy all sections of the pavilion and transport it to new points. Bees in a new place make

circling and continuing to work for two to three days as in ul x.

The union of families in the community is as follows.

After 2-3 days removable mesh liners 9. Bees of all age groups have the opportunity to move through the slots of 4.4 mm in vertical 7 and 8 horizontal grids and be distributed proportionally with respect to the working mattes. Uterus work autonomously in two cells, and the bees are united in a community.

The device section allows you to regulate the number of queens working for the community, as well as populate the pavilion with bees of different genotypes. When the pavilion is populated by bees of the same genotype, all mesh inserts 9 are removed from the cells of the sections on the right or left side of the pavilion. If part of the sections are populated by bees of a different genotype, then the contribution 9 on the vertical: lattices 7, which divide adjacent sections 3, is left, and when combined, they are removed.

Varroa ticks are treated directly in section 3 of the pavilion in the morning before the beginning of summer or in the evening. A temperature of 47 + 2T is set in the area of the ventilation duct. All passenger cuts 12 are closed. Open the valves 19 in the ventilation boxes 17 and 18 and turn on the electric heater 20 and the fan 21. The set temperature is maintained by the UKT-4 thermostat for 12 minutes and monitored by the time relay PB. After 12 minutes, the heating stops, the fan continues to run, and the time switch for the RT is turned off.

 When the temperature rises, the bees become active and the mites fall into the trays 11, which have been previously greased with grease, tar, and tractor oil. Then the cutouts 1 are opened and the pallets 11 are cleaned. The heat treatment of the bees can be repeated after 5 days.

When preparing bees for honey collection after heat treatment in measles

Dore pavilion maintain the temperature in the range of 14-16 ° C. With the creation of additional heat and stimulating supplements, the activity of the work of bees and queens increases and increases

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5 cells

The amount of brood is measured. Before the honey harvest, uterus, two frames with brood and two with feed, 1 kg of bees are taken from the middle (3,4) cells 4 to form a bag. Packages are used to expand your own apiary or are sold to other hosts. The frames with sealed brood are taken from the upper and lower cells 4 and placed in the middle cells, and the frames with open brood from the middle cells are replaced in the empty spaces to the queens. Each uterus with this arrangement has 30 frames, including 20 for brood.

Such a permutation of the framework provided. The necessary work front for the remaining uterus. After the brood leaves the framework in medium-sized cells, 4 bees prepare honeycombs under the drift of honey. The swarm instinct is reduced under such conditions. In the presence of non-inhabited, 4 the frames with defective cells are replaced, the frames are removed with sealed perga, the layers are removed.

For pumping honey, commercial honey is taken mainly from the middle cells, in which there is no brood, since the uterus does not have access to them, and from the upper and lower cells - selectively to extend the front of the uterus. At the time of opening the door 14 to

5, the perimeter of the cell is easily smoked to prevent bees from exiting. Window 27 in the window and the door of the pavilion open. Then push the cassette 5 along the guides from the cell

0 and installed in a device that prevents the bees from scattering, which is tightly connected to the open lower cell. Frames alternately line the cassettes and bees along the slopes of the

5 roystva slips into the bottom cell.

Frames with honey set in empty cassettes. All operations for the maintenance of the Q living bees are carried out with red

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light Bees flying out of the window out of the corridor through the device to carry out the bees. Honey is pumped out on the honey extractor, locked with locks to the floor with a manual or electric drive. Pumped frame returned to the cassette, which is installed in the cell. Meta from the honey extractor 30 as it gets

on the hose into the honey tank located under the pavilion,

Under field conditions, the electric drive of the honey extractor is provided from a mobile power plant of the AB-4 type. The electric fan 21 is powered and the field lighting is supplied from a wind power station with a generator and a battery.

. In the autumn preparation of the bees after the end of the honey collection of fetal queens without bees, they are placed in the middle cells. They take a frame with outgoing brood from the upper or lower cell, place it in the frame insulator and release the uterus into it. The frame from the J middle cell is removed and transferred to the place of the frame with the brood seed. After three days, the isolator was removed from the cassette, and the frame with the uterus and young bees was placed in the cassette. Bees take the uterus and continue to work on increasing the brood in the winter. Increasing the number of queens by 30% makes it possible to increase the required number of bees for wintering. When inspecting the cells, substandard cells are taken away, feed stocks are determined, excess honey is pumped out. Two or three small-sized frames are placed in the middle part of the cassette. Instead of rejected frames, feeders are installed with a syrup of 4-5 kg per uterus. These operations are carried out from August 20 to September 5.

For wintering of bees, the pavilion will be installed for winter storage of bees in a sheltered center line from north to south. Electricity 380 V is supplied to the pavilion from the mains. In October, the bees are heat treated according to the indicated scheme.

The wintering of bees takes place in natural conditions. When the temperature decreases to 2 ° C in the corridor, the temperature sensor switches on the circuit of one electric heater, which maintains the set temperature in the corridor O ±. The valves 19 on the ventilation boxes 17 and. 18 is squashed for the winter, the summer cuts 12 are reduced to the required size according to the weather. In March, when the bees are in clubs, the pallets 11 are cleaned of the accumulated trash and debris.

For spring processing of bees with the onset of spring thaws of sleep around the pavilion, clean the bulldozer

stack straw, wicker mats out

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brushwood, roofing felt and other materials in the area of the bee flyby. On a sunny, warm day, cutouts open and fly around. After the first cleaning flight in the corridor of the pavilion, the temperature is increased to 14-18 ° C for 3-5 days, in order to activate the work of the bees and queens. The mites remaining from the autumn treatment come to the surface of the bees. On the morning of a good summer day, heat treatment is performed according to the indicated scheme. After heat treatment for 12-15 minutes, the openings of the openings 12 open and the bees fly out.

For intensive broaching of the brood before the onset of stable warm weather, the temperature in the corridor of the pavilion is maintained at around 12t2 C.

Air ducts 17 and 18 are closed with valves for this. and warm air is supplied to the corridor zone. The increase in temperature through the doors of the cells provides an accelerated development of the bees. In the spring, they give stimulating feeding after cleaning the cells from dead bees. Then a cycle of operations

the maintenance of the bees is repeated.

The operation of the device for automatic. curing, the temperature during heat treatment is carried out as follows.

When the switch Q is turned on in the network, the voltage is applied through the counter 5 to the open contacts K and K and the control lamp of the network H, lights up. After turning on the switch

SB voltage is supplied to the coil of the relay K, SB and to the coil K through the thermostat UKT-4 with the closed time relay RV, ZN electric heaters And the electric fan are turned on

work Control lamps Hj. and H illuminate. After switching on, the terminal switches the switch SBj and the voltage is applied to one of the switches.

clock cycles relay.

K, and close contact

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The counting of the heat treatment time starts from the moment the set temperature in the ventilation duct is reached 47 ± 2 ° C. A mercury column closes the contacts of the TPK thermometer, the thermostat thyristor UKT-4 disconnects the relay K from the AC circuit and electric heaters

cooled. The voltage is applied to the coil of the time relay PB. At the same time, the fan continues supplying air to the ventilation duct through the electric heaters EZ. After a processing time of 12 minutes has passed, the PB will break the temperature-maintaining circuit and apply voltage to the micromotor of the time relay PBj, which determines the fan operation time. The voltage is applied to the coil of the relay K, which disconnects the electric fan and all controls.

During operation of the device for automatically maintaining temperature in the winter, the TPC contact thermometer is installed in the corridor zone at ± 2 ° C. One electric heating element is connected to the UKT-4x thermostat, and two are disconnected. The electric motor of the fan is turned off, the valves 19 in the ventilation boxes 17 and 18 are closed. Include switch Q, switches B and Bj, When the temperature reaches. in the cab below, the UKT-4 thermostat applies voltage to the relay coil K 5 and turns on the electric heating element ZN. When the temperature rises above, the electric heating device ZN disconnects from the TPC contact thermometer.

Claims (4)

1. A method of year-round maintenance of bees in a mobile pavilion, including placing bees with uterus f of adjacent sections, carrying out honey collection, replanting additional queens in the section after the end of honey collection, followed by their removal and heat treatment bees, which is similar to the fact that, in order to increase honey collection and reduce labor costs, queens are kept autonomously in sections, and all bees are subject to free movement to adjacent sections, while additional queens are removed , and heat treatment is subjected to all bees and queens directly in the pavilion. 2. A device for year-round keeping of bees in a mobile pavilion, including a pavilion mounted on the chassis with tap-holes on its side walls and adjacent sections along its side walls, which contain mobile cassettes with pallets, characterized in that, in order to increase the honey collection and reduce labor costs, the pavilion sections are separated by vertical and horizontal separating grids with mesh & ha on. cells for autonomous maintenance of queen bees; in this case, the pavilion is equipped with an electric heater installed in it and located 1.b under the sections by ventilation ducts connected to electric heaters by means of air ducts. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that safety arcuate elastic plates are fixed on the inner side of the notches. 4. The device according to claim 2, about tl and - the fact that the bottom of the bottom cell is made in the form of a mesh diaphragm. 23 31 TVI I g IrlTlrf yes- 5QTT / 5V Jj j2 1 r 21 20 18 Yu hertz 12 .. | J5, year Xlf FIG. 2 Fig.Z ten