SU1407414A1 - Method of cultivating slopes for forest plantations - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to rural and forestry and can be used to create forest plantations in conditions of moisture deficiency on the slopes of hills. The purpose of the invention is to increase the survival rate and safety of forest stands. In late autumn, horizontally, from top to bottom, flat terraces with a reverse slant of the canvas are cut into a steep helix before the start of snowfall. Then, using, for example, craft-making machines, the terrace fabric is formed in the form of a wave-like surface, which is an alternation of microweights 1 and microdetachments 2 with simultaneous cutting in the places of microdepressures from the bulk part along the edge of the terrace of the roller 3. At the same time, the depth of microdecreases is the height of the aboveground part of the sun. A layer of sludge collected from the sedimentation tanks of the urban cleaning system is applied on the surface of the microsurgeon. In spring, the seats are formed in micro-depressions, in which a layer of fine earth 4 is preliminarily introduced no more than 1/4 of their depth, and the seedlings are planted. 3 hp ff, 2 ill., 1 tab. (L

Description

A- A

four

7 2

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FIG. Z

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods for developing slopes, and can be used to create plantations in conditions of moisture deficiency on the slopes of hills, hills, hills, mostly sloping rocks.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the survival and preservation of forest stands.

FIG. J schematically shows a terrace, a general view; FIG. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. 1 “

The canvas of the terrace consists of a wavy surface consisting of microglobes 1, microcriticals 2, roller 3, a layer of fine earth 4, seating 5 with plants 6 planted with f-6 and silt sediments KQB 7,

The method is carried out as follows.

In late autumn, before the start of snowfall, horizontally from top to bottom on the surface of the slope in the form of a stepped helix using a P-T-0.3 micro-terracer cut flat micro-terraces 0.3–0.4 m wide with a reverse inclination of the web. Then, with the help of the moon-forming agent, the terrace fabric is formed in the form of a wave-like surface, representing the alternation of microstortions 1 and micro-depressions 2 with simultaneous cutting in the places of micro-depressions 3, the height of which is equal to the height of micro-elevations, Distance between adjacent micro-depressions 2 corresponds to the distance between the seats 5, on the surface of micro-elevations 1 put silts 7, selected, for example, from the septic tanks of the urban cleaning system,

During the winter period, the snow from microelevations 1 and the flat interregrading sections of the slope is blown away by the wind and accumulates in the microdeletions 2, limited by the roller 3 from the bulk part, which provides for the accumulation of moisture during snowing,

In the spring, in micro-depressions, the depth of which corresponds to the height of the above-ground part of the planted seedlings 2, a layer of fine earth 4 is deposited by sifting it from the upper floor (their inter-racial areas of the slope are no more than 1/4 its depth. Then the micro-depressions form the seats 5 and water planting plant seedlings 6,

After snowing, during the entire growing season, the water flows into micro-depressions, washing out nutrients from sludge deposited on the microelevations, and accumulates directly in the root zone of the soil, which provides favorable conditions for the growth and development of plants. Along with this, the litter accumulates in the micro-depressions, which contributes to an intensive soil-forming process.

The rollers performed provide protection of plants against the explosive effect of the wind, serve as an obstacle ensuring the safety of litter, which, together with anti-erosion and moisture-accumulating functions, creates favorable conditions for increasing the survival rate, preservation and improvement of plant growth conditions,

In winter, a snow survey was carried out at the site, which showed that the accumulation of snow in micro-depressions amounted to 400% of snow reserves on the flat surface of the same exposure dump and the slope floor.

Analysis of the selected soil samples after snow completion did not show that in the micro-depreciation of wavy terraces the soil penetration depth is 150–210% more than on the control flat surface of the terraces. Moisture reserves are correspondingly more on average by 45%,

In the area laid by the proposed method, acacia forest cultures were created with white annuals of average height of the aerial part 19 cm. After one month after planting, the survival rate of the seedlings was determined, amounting to 83%. In September, the safety of crops was determined, amounting to 79%,

At the same time, white acacia plantations from the same planting material on microterraces with a flat horizontal surface were laid in the control area, where the survival rate and the safety of the seedlings were 71 and 68%, respectively. The difference in survival rate and safety in the areas is due to different amounts of moisture, nutrients and microclimate

At the beginning of the growing season, when the moisture reserves in the soil on the flat terrace were 100%, the moisture reserves in the micropoints, A- 140 7, were 149% lower. In the growing season, the difference was already 56%. This difference is due to the lower evaporation of moisture from the soil surface in micro-depressions protected from the wind as compared to a flat surface.

The dependence of survival rate and the safety of plants from moisture reserves, JQ nutrient content and microclimate are presented in the table.

. The implementation of the proposed method allows to significantly improve the 15 microclimate and hydrological regime of plants, provide plants with nutrients, speed up the process of soil formation, which ensures an increase in the survival rate of plantations by 20

10-12%, increasing the safety of plantations by more than 10%. In addition, the snow accumulated in the micro-depressions protects the plants from the effects of negative temperatures, which also increases the safety of the plantations. The cultures grown by the proposed method are two to three years earlier closed in rows and between rows, the transition to the stage of active medium-improving effect.

In micro-depressions, a more powerful root system of trees is formed, causing more intensive stimulation of the soil-forming process. .

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Claims (4)

1. A method of developing slopes for forest plantations, including cutting horizontally excavation terraces from top to bottom in the form of a stepped helix, preparing terraces for planting forest plantations, and their last landing, in order to increase survival and preservation of the forest stands in the forest stands, the canvas of the terrace along the entire length is made undulating with the formation of alternating microcavities and micro-depressions; at the same time along the bulk edge of the terrace in the places of micro-depressions the roller is carried out, and waist nasaysdeny carried out in microdepressions in which previously inoculated melkozem, wherein the depth of the microdepressions performed equal height aerial parts seedling. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to gradually provide nutrients to the seedlings, sludge is deposited on the surface of the microweights of the terrace fabric. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fine earth is introduced into the micro-depressions by not more than 1 / A of its depth, 4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the formation of alternating micro-elevations and micro-lows is carried out in late autumn before the onset of snowfall. / // 7 / // /// / ////// /// /// /////// /// // // / / /// /// ///////