SU1399673A1 - Method of evaluating toxicity of liquids - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to aqueous toxicology, and specifically to methods for determining the toxicity of liquids. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of determining the degree of toxicity of a liquid. The toxicity of the liquid is determined in the reaction chamber by a 5-50% change in the activity of photosynthesis and respiration of the test object — a synchronized culture of microalgae with respect to the control, which uses the amount of activity of photosynthesis and respiration of microconductors determined before the controlled liquid is introduced into the reaction the camera. Before entering the test object into the reaction chamber, corrections are made for measuring the activity of photosynthesis and respiration of the test object depending on the temperature of the controlled fluid. 1 hp f-ly, 1 ill., 2 tab. with (L WITH with so O5 00

Description

The invention relates to methods for the investigation of chemical properties of substances, and more specifically to the analysis of water by a biological indication method, and is intended to assess the toxicity of wastewater discharged into water bodies or used in the circulating water supply by chemical, food, pharmaceutical and other industries. industry, as well as surface runoff from urban areas and farmland to water bodies.

The purpose of the invention is to demonstrate the accuracy of determining the degree of toxicity of a liquid.

The method is carried out as follows.

Photosynthetic test object pre-cultured in a cultivator with obtaining synchronized culture of algae. Before entering the test object into the reaction chamber, the temperature of the controlled fluid is determined and, depending on the temperature, corrections are made for measuring the activity of photosynthesis and respiration. The concentration of dissolved oxygen in the controlled fluid C is measured, depending on which

PV

Ai

the threshold upper C and lower C values of the oxygen concentration in the reaction chamber are established by the ratio

 LS

Gj at C,

- -tek

G Y-pv cf

YY

at C + bc

 Heat

 DS,

tech b sgc

where c

R

 2H.t.

- mean value

 t-ek

 oxygen concentration, mg / l;

oxygen concentration in controlled fluid, mg / l}

a pre-selected value that determines the change in the concentration of dissolved oxygen, mg / l; threshold lower and upper values of the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the reaction chamber, mg / l. The biological test object is injected into the reaction chamber and, periodically lightning it with adjustable intensity and -pv

activity, control values of photosynthesis and zigzag activity are determined. Then enter the controlled

the liquid in the reaction chamber and, by opting the chamber in intermittent light, determine the activity of photosynthesis in the light period and the activity of respiration in the dark period. Toxicity is determined by a 5-50% change in the activity of photosynthesis and respiration of the test object with respect to the control, which is taken as the value of the activity of photosynthesis and respiration,

determined prior to the introduction of the controlled fluid into the reaction chamber. The drawing shows an algorithm for obtaining indicators of the activity of photosynthesis and respiration in assessing the toxicity of wastewater.

Example 1 In determining the toxicity of wastewater, for example, electroplating, a chemical plant to a sewage treatment plant, the water temperature was measured;

on the thermometer, is. In accordance with this temperature, corrections are established for measuring the activity of photosynthesis at 4.9 and respiration at 1.42%. Data on the values of amendments are chosen from Table. 1. Amperometric sensor measures the concentration of dissolved oxygen in controlled wastewater C, which for this example is 2.8 mg / l. In accordance with the measured oxygen concentration Cd, the threshold upper C д d and lower Cn values are established by first selecting the Cfen value. For most

pv

the C-he divisions are 2 mg / l. Then the data on the threshold values of C, and Cf, at the cost of dividing for C. 0.1 mg / l, and Cfg. 2 mg / l is taken from the table. 2. Therefore, C „

 2.8 + 2.0 4.8, and C „„ 2.8-2.0 0.8 mg / l. Then, a synchronized culture of algae is introduced into the reaction chamber of the bioelectrochemical sensor, and illuminating it with intermittent

light, control values of photosynthesis activity W and respiration WK, J are determined. For the used culture of photosynthetic algae W 6, and W, j 4 mg / l min, respectively. Sewage water is introduced into the reaction chamber and, periodically illuminating the test object, with light of a given intensity, for example, 60 minutes determine the dynamics of the activity of photosynthesis (curve 1) and respiration (curve 2).

Comparison of periodic measurements of the photosynthesis activity shows that its change (decrease) by 5% compared to control values occurs in 1.8 minutes and reaches a value of 5.7 mg / l.min, and a decrease by 50% occurs in 9, 2 min and reaches 3 mg / l.min. Respiratory activity is reduced by 50% compared to the control value in 51 minutes, reaching 2 mg / lx X min.

The obtained data reliably show the inhibitory effect of chemical compounds. In this example, the waste water is toxic.

Accuracy of determining the degree of toxicity is achieved by continuous monitoring of changes in the functional parameters (photosynthesis and respiration) of the test object in the presence of

controlled fluid compared 25 photosynthesis and respiration.

activity; photosynthesis and respiration for a given temperature are A, 69-, and 1.3%, respectively. The concentration of dissolved oxygen, C ,, in the waste water, which is 8.4 mg / l, is measured, and the threshold values for the upper Cn and the lower C are set in accordance with C

oxygen in the reaction chamber: C. 8.4 + 2.0 10.4, and 8.4 - - 2.0 6.4 mg / l. Then a synchronized culture is introduced into the reaction chamber and, by illuminating it with intermittent light, the control values of photosynthesis and respiration activity are determined. For this culture, the control value of photosynthesis activity was 6.8 mg / l min, and respiration activity W 3.2 mg / l min. The controlled wastewater of the electroplating shop is introduced into the reaction chamber and, by irradiating it with intermittent light, the activity dynamics is determined for 60 min.

with control.

EXAMPLE 2. The temperature of a model solution containing 1.0 mg / l propanide and 0.1 mg / l saturn, 18 C. In accordance with this temperature, corrections are made for measurements of the activity of photosynthesis 5,14 and respiration 1 , 54%. The concentration of oxygen in the model solution C is measured, which is 8.7 mg / l, i.e. lower than the concentration of all. Then set the appropriate thresholds.

A comparison with the control values shows that for 56 minutes the photosynthetic activity continued to remain at the level of the control value, i.e. 6.8 mg / l min. In the first 22 minutes, the respiration activity was stimulated by 2-6%, then within 10-12 minutes it reached the control value and did not change its value until the end of the experiment. It has been reliably established that the wastewater of the electroplating plant, which has passed the local sewage treatment plant, is not toxic. In addition, it can be considered that this synchronized culture of the discharge of wastewater with oxygen is

C values

pv

 8.7 + 2 10.7,

aspn 8, 7 mg / l. After

Lines are introduced into the reaction chamber and, illuminating it with intermittent light, determine the control values of W, and W, {. For this culture, they were 4.6 and 2.4 mg / l min., Respectively. The model solution is introduced into the reaction chamber and, periodically illuminating the test object, determine the dynamics of photosynthesis activity and respiration for 30 minutes. A comparison of the degree of inhibition indicates that photosynthesis activity is reduced by 50% in 10.8 minutes, and respiration in 22.5 minutes. Obviously, the model solution is toxic.

Example 3. The wastewater of the electroplating plant, past local treatment facilities, have a temperature of 14 ° C. Measurement Corrections

thirty

40

40

35

It is about 80%, which must be considered when monitoring the quality of water in water bodies.

When determining the toxicity of liquids, periodically it is necessary to carry out calibration measurements corresponding to the action of the standard toxicant, for example, toxicity at drugs, d for copper. This makes it possible to increase the accuracy and reliability of the results obtained.

Thus, the use of the invention in the national economy fno3BO-l increases the accuracy of determining the degree of toxicity of wastewater while simultaneously reducing the analysis time significantly (by 10-15 rae).

The application of the proposed method to determine the toxicity of liquids

0

five

allows you to significantly simplify and cheapen the cost of mass analysis, increase labor productivity, improve the working conditions of staff.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula 1, A method for determining the toxicity of liquids, which involves the preliminary cultivation of a photosynthetic test object, the introduction of a test object into the reaction chamber, the displacement of a controlled liquid into the chamber, the illumination of the chamber with intermittent light, test and respiration of the test object and the determination of the toxicity of the fluid by changing the functional parameters (diet and photosynthesis) of the test object in the presence of a controlled fluid in comparison with the control, characterized in that the accuracy of determining the degree of toxicity of a liquid; a synchronized culture of algae is used as a test object; before introducing the test object into the reaction chamber, measure the temperature of controlled ™; liquid, depending on the temperature; photosynthesis activity and respiration of the test object, measure the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the controlled fluid, depending on the threshold from which the threshold values of the oxygen concentration in the reaction chamber are established, and the current The relative density is determined by the change by | 5-50% of the photosynthesis activity and by the breaths of the test object with respect to the con trol; Trol, which uses the amount of photosynthesis and respiration activity determined prior to the introduction of the controlled fluid into the reaction chamber. . 2. Sample POP.1, characterized in that the threshold values of the concentration of dissolved oxygen are set by the ratio  C. when C yC  Tech Stack With C; k LSgek SSR Stack Ser CT, g 10 15 20 25 30 g, up to. 45 99673 Where С Сте .0Г г - пх C ne + C pi 2 average oxygen concentration, mg / l; oxygen concentration in controlled liquid, mg / l; a pre-selected value that determines the change in the concentration of dissolved oxygen, mg / l; threshold lower and upper values of the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the reaction chamber, mg / l. j Table 1 71399673 Continued table. one C | s. “s., with „with" Cih. CM with Ci. CM CH p., with s „ with" 8 Continuation of table 1 t "b l and n 2 With mg (l npepb ujcmoe lighting SO t, f1ULH.