SU1393579A1 - Multiposition machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machine tools. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design of the machine by reducing the number of lines supplying coolant and compressed air. The invention allows to unload the docking zones of the replaceable units and the processing body. At the command of the software control system, the processing body with the tool spindle-to the power line (L co; o co 01 of Fig. 1

Description

The head 5 is also moved to the drive 6, in the change position of which the necessary replacement head 5 is installed, after which it moves to the treatment zone. The automatic tool changer device 14 delivers the necessary tool. After installing the cutting tool, if necessary, coolant can be supplied to the treatment zone through nozzles 37. For this, coolant is supplied to line 9, which, half of the half connectors 7, 12, enter the cavity of the distribution mechanism 21. In case of using the tool 15 for cleaning surfaces machined parts during

93579

its installation in the spindle housing 16 of the tool 15 enters the seat of the spindle, and the oriented semi-connector 20, acts on the spools 25, 26 of the distribution mechanism 21, thereby providing switching coolant and compressed air to the feed to the tool 15. For this, on the housing 16 are located nozzles connected by lines passing into body 16 through half connectors 20, as well as lines made in spools 25, 26 and extending to the protruding ends of spools 26, 25 with feed lines of the processing organ. 5 il.

one

FIELD: machine tool industry.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design of the machine by reducing the number of lines for supplying lubricant and cooling fluid (LCL) and compressed air.

Figure 1 shows a machine with a tool for cleaning surfaces in a non-working position, a general view; figure 2 - the same tool in the working position; FIG. 3 is a simplified scheme of cleaning the pneumatic and hydrocommutations of the machine; figure 4 - section aa in figure 1; figure 5 - section bb in figure 2.

The multi-operational machine comprises a longitudinal table 1 for placing products (not shown) to be processed, a portal 2 with a machining body made in the form of a transversely movable carriage 3 and a vertically movable slider 4. On the slider 4 there is a tool spindle 5 fixed, made removable. The drive 6 stores interchangeable spindle heads 5.

On the slider 4 in the docking area with the heads 5, the upper 7 and 8 half connectors are connected, connected to the supply lines 9 of the coolant and 10 of the compressed air (shown conventionally), respectively. Each replaceable head 5

five

five

includes a working spindle 11, kinematically connected with a slide (a kinematic chain is not disclosed), the lower half connectors 12 and 13 corresponding to the upper half connectors 7 and 8 are attached to the area of the docking of the head 5 with the slide.

The semi-plugs 12 and 13 are the starting points of the coolant and compressed air lines, respectively, of each replaceable machine head 5. The machine design provides for an automatic tool changer 14 (shown conventionally), including tools 15 (FIG. 2) for cleaning surfaces of machined products.

The tool contains (figure 1) case 16, made under the landing cone of spindle 11, mounted on the case nozzle 17 with lines 18 and 19 (figure 5) for supplying coolant and compressed air, respectively, to the cleaning zone (the design of the nozzle is shown conventionally) the respective semi-plugs are connected to the main lines, fixed on the body 16 of the cantilever and made in one piece in the form of semi-plugs 20. At each head 5 in the junction with semi-plugs 20 there is a distribution mechanism 21. representing a combination of two upper semi-plugs and

two distributors coolant flow and compressed air.

The mechanism 21 contains (figure 5) case 22, in which there are two stepped axial bores 23 and 24 for spools 25 and 26 of stepped shape with shanks, respectively, between the end of the lower step of each spool and the bottom of the corresponding hole there are compression springs 27 acting on the spools in the direction towards the half-plug 20 of the tool 15 during the docking of the latter with the head 5. The movement of the spools in the direction of the tool is limited by the stops 28 fixed on the needles of the tail, and in the direction from the tool - by the body branch spring 27 in the deformed before; this degree of compression condition.

In one of the extreme positions (Fig. 4), the lesser step of each spool and the greater step of the corresponding axial bore of the housing 22 form cavities communicating with the radial lines 29, 30 and 31, 32 formed in the housing. In the other extreme position of each valve, these cavities have a much smaller volume and communicate only with lines 30 and 32 (Fig. 5), while lines 29 and 31 communicate with radial openings 33 and 34, respectively, made in valves and connected to their axial lines 35 and 36, respectively, made coaxially with lines 19 and 18 of the tool half plug 20.

In a multioperational machine, all input and output elements of pneumatic and hydraulic systems of interchangeable heads have the same connection scheme. In the hydraulic coolant system, the lower semi-plug 12 is connected to the input line 31 of the distributor, and the output line 32 is connected to the coolant nozzles 37 to the treatment area. In the pneumatic system, the lower semi-connector 13 is connected to the input line 29, and the output line 30 - with a nozzle 38 (shown conventionally) for blowing the seat (cone) of the spindle 11.

Multioperational machine in automatic mode works as follows.

At the command of a software control system (not shown), processing 5 0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

The operator body moves to drive 6, in the change position of which the necessary replacement head is installed and semi-plugs 7, 12 and 8, 13 are joined, after which the processing body moves to the treatment zone. The automatic tool changer 14 delivers a tool necessary for the machining cycle, such as a milling cutter (not shown in graphic materials). Before installing the cutter in the cone of the spindle 11 through the pipe 10, the compressed air is supplied through the half-plug 8 to the starting point of the pneumatic line of the interchangeable head 5 - half connector 13. Pass the half-connector 13, the compressed air passes through the pipeline 29 line 29, then into the distributor cavity formed by the lower spool stage 26 and a larger step of the hole 24, made in the housing 22, the distribution mechanism 21 and further into the pipeline 30 (FIG. 4), connected by a pipeline with a nozzle 38, the outlet of which is located in the internal cavity and spindle seat (shown conventionally). Pulling out, the air entrains microparticles, the presence of which when installing tools would lead to their reorientation.

After installing the cutting tool, the compressed air supply line 10 can be shut off. After installing the cutting tool, if necessary, coolant can be supplied to the treatment area through nozzles 37. To do this, coolant 9 is supplied to the main line 9, which, after passing through the half-connectors 7 and 12 and the main line 21 (figure 4), falls into the distributor cavity formed by the lower stage spool 25 and a larger step of the hole 23, made in the housing 22 of the distribution mechanism 21, and further into the pipeline 32, connected by pipe to the nozzles 37.

In the case of using tools 15 for cleaning the surfaces of machined parts, the last automatic tool changer 14 is delivered in an oriented angular position to a position coaxial with the working spindle 11, and the axial movement of the device 14 (shown conventionally) is moved towards the head 5. During variable / G energy / 7o 6o

Fig.Z

Aa

put.

/ U 20

B-6 JJ3026 22

27

2c

Claims (1)

Formula of the invention A multi-operation machine containing a tool changer, an instrumental spindle head equipped with mechanisms for supplying a cutting fluid and compressed air to the treatment zone and for cleaning the spindle seat, including those located on both the tool head and the tools nozzles and lines of coolant and compressed air, with semi-couplers interacting in pairs, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design, the tool head is supplied with and distributors of coolant and compressed air, each of which is made of a spool type with a spring-loaded spool located in the cavity of the housing mounted on the head, with one end exiting the housing with the ability to move from the tool installed in the spindles, and the corresponding half-connector is placed on the specified end of the spool and connected by a section of the line with one of the spool zones, while with the spool, the sections of the corresponding supply lines and lines are connected, connected with the respective nozzles. Fig g Fi ?. 3 13 93 579 ε-ε FIG. 5