SU1392390A1 - Mercury-electrolyte mechanical vibration converter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a measurement technique and is aimed at simplifying the design of a mercury electrolytic converter of mechanical vibrations while ensuring high sensitivity and widening the dynamic range for adjusting its resonant frequency. The transducer contains a capillary tube 2, installed with the axis of the poles of the permanent magnet 1 and filled with alternating 3,4,5 drops of mercury and 6,7,8 drops of electrolyte. From one of the open ends of the tube 2

Description

a drop 11 of ferromagnetic fluid is placed, whose position at the end of the tube depends on the intensity of the magnetic field created by the permanent magnet. The position of this drop depends on the change in the degree of compression of gas volumes 12 at the ends of the pipes; That leads to the measurement of the resonant frequency and sensitivity i of the transducer. Under the action of an external vibration effect, directed along the axis of the capillary tube 2, a drop of mercury and electrolyte occurs, causing a change in the interface area between them, and consequently, the change in the charge density of the electrical double layer at these boundaries. As a result, the electrical signal that appears on the current-collecting electrodes 9 and 10 placed in the extreme drops of mercury has The amplitude is proportional to the range of oscillatory movement of the droplets, and hence the amplitude of the controlled mechanical oscillations, and the frequency of this signal is equal to the frequency of these oscillations. sh

The invention relates to a measurement technique and is intended for measuring mechanical vibrations and vibrations, in particular in seismic measurements.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the design of the converter in providing high sensitivity and expanding the dynamic range of controlling its resonant frequencies by using in it a ferromagnetic fluid placed in a non-uniform magnetic field.

The drawing schematically shows the structure of a mercury electrolytic-mechanical converter of mechanical oscillations.

The device contains a bipolar permanent magnet 1 and a capillary tube 2, spaced between its opposite poles, which are installed along the tube axis. The capillary tube 2 is filled with alternating drops of 3,4 and 5 mercury and drops 6, 7. and 8 electrolyte B drop x 3 and 5 mercury is located a pair of electrodes 9 and 10, the findings of which are connected to the input of the amplifier-conversion unit (not shown). The means of adjusting the resonant frequency of the converter is made in the form of a drop of 11 ferromagnetic fluid placed on the side of one of the open ends of the capillary tube 2 and used to adjust its resonant frequency and to adjust the sensitivity of the characteristic of the mechanical oscillations of this converter. To do this, change the distance between the poles of the permanent magnet 1, the magnetic field of which interacts with the droplet 11 ferromagnetic fluid, and the open ends of the tube 2. Under the action of the inhomogeneous magnetic field of 10 l of this magnet, the droplet 11 moves along the axis of the capillary tube 2 the magnitude depending on the strength of the magnetic field, which leads to compressed gas volumes 12 from the side of the open ends of the tube 2.

Mercury-electrolytic converter of mechanical vibrations works as follows.

External vibration effect

20 directed along the axis of the capillary tube 2, causes reciprocating movement, drops of 3.4 and 5 mercury and drops of 6.7 and 8 electrolyte. This movement is due to the gradient

25 is proportional to the magnitude of the oscillatory acceleration and the density of the drops of mercury and electrolyte. Since mercury and electrolyte droplets have different hydrodynamic characteristics, their combined movement 3 of the capillary tube 2 leads to deformation and change in the area of the interface between non-alternating phases, as a result of which the charge density changes

25 double electric layer at the boundaries of their section. As a result, a variable electric signal appears on the electrodes 9 and 10 of the converter, the amplitude of which is proportional to the amplitude of mechanical oscillations, and the frequency is equal to the frequency of these oscillations. When the magnetic field strength varies, for example, by changing the distance between the capillary tube and the poles of the permanent magnet, this drop moves along the capillary tube, which in turn leads to an increase in the relative displacement of the inertial mass of the transducer (immiscible drops of electrolyte mercury) tube walls, this leads to an increase in the amplitude of the output signal of the transducer and, therefore, the sensitivity of the transducer to mechanical vibrations.

Due to the compression of gas volumes 12 at the ends of the capillary tube 2

there is a change in the resonant frequency of a drop of ferromagnetic fluid.

transducer, the adjustment range of which is significantly expanded compared with the known device, due to the ease of adjustment

the magnetic field strength of a permanent magnet within wide limits.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A mercury electrolytic converter of mechanical vibrations containing a permanent magnet, a capillary tube placed between its opposite poles and filled in its central part with alternating drops of mercury and electrolyte, a pair of collector electrodes located in mercury drops, and means of adjusting the resonant frequency of the converter , characterized in that, in order to simplify the design while ensuring high sensitivity and expanding the dynamic range of adjusting its resonant frequency, the means of adjusting the resonant frequency is made in placed in a capillary tube from one of its open ends, and the poles of the permanent magnet are installed along the tube axis,