SU1391872A1 - Impact-action pneumatic machine - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to pneumatic percussion machines. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design and improve manufacturability and reliability in operation. The air distribution device valve is made in the form of a sleeve II installed with the possibility of axial over-. of the axial 14 and radial 15 calibrated clearances, the latter of which is connected with the cavity 8 of the shock stepped piston 3. This embodiment of the axial 14 and radial 15 calibrated clearances allows to compensate for inaccuracies in the manufacture and assembly of machine parts and skews during work. Changes in the machine parameters are not observed, since the area of the radial calibrated gap 15 remains unchanged. 1 il. cl

Description

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The invention relates to a machine

construction, in particular for pneumatic percussion machines (tamping machines, drill hammers, etc.), and Tszhet to find application in mining and construction.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design and improve the manufacturability of reliability in operation by using gaps between air distribution elements to compensate for manufacturing and assembly inaccuracies.

The drawing schematically shows a pneumatic impact machine, longitudinal section.

The percussion pneumatic machine comprises a housing 1 with a cavity 2, in which a shock stepped piston 3 is placed with the possibility of displacement. The cavity 2 is connected with the atmosphere by exhaust ports 4 and 5.

Impact stepped piston 3 consists of stem 6, with its lower part slidably compacted in sleeve 7 of housing 1. In the upper part of stem 6 a cavity 8 is formed, which through pipe: 9 is permanently connected to a source of compressed air, tube 9 slides sealed sleeve 10.

The stem b is fitted with a sleeve I1, supported by its lower end on its shoulder 12, the displacement of the sleeve 11 up is limited by the flange 13 of the sleeve 10. The sleeve 1 1 is installed between the flanges 12 and 13 with an axially calibrated clearance 14, which defines the stroke of the sleeve 11 as a valve. The purpose of this gap 14 is to alternate the flow of compressed air into the upper or lower parts of cavity 2. Between the sleeve 1 and the rod 6, a radial calibrated gap 15 is formed, which is connected with the cavity 8 by the holes 16 and is intended to control the amount of compressed air.

The machine works as follows. When the machine is turned on, the compressed air enters the cavity 8, and from-through holes 16, gaps 15 and 14 into the upper part of cavity 2. Under the pressure from above, the stepped piston 3 begins to move downwards.

After the holes 5 of Gil ZOY 11 are closed, in the lower part of cavity 2, the compression of the

918722

air and increase its pressure. After the sleeve 11 passes 4 from the upper part of the cavity 2, the exhaust air begins to exhaust and its pressure drops to atmospheric pressure.

Under the effect of increased pressure from below, the sleeve 11 moves to its upper extreme position in Q, while the upper part of cavity 2 is isolated from the source of compressed air. Axial calibrated gap 14 is formed between the end of the sleeve 11 and the collet 12, through which compressed air begins to flow into the lower part of the cavity 2.

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At about this time, the shock stepped piston 3 hits, and under the action of pressure from below begins to move upwards.

After the openings 4 have been blocked by the sleeve 11 in the upper part of the cavity 2, the air cut off in it 5 is compressed, and after the openings 5 are opened, an exhaust occurs from its lower part. Under the action of the pressure applied from above, the sleeve 11 moves to its lower position and opens up access to the upper part of the cavity 2 to the compressed air. The shock stepped piston 3 is braked and starts

move down t

In the following, the process described is repeated.

The presence of gaps 14 and 15 makes it possible to compensate for inaccuracies in the manufacture and assembly of machine elements and distortions during operation. The changes of the parameters, the machines are practically not observed, since the area of the gap 15 remains unchanged.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The pneumatic percussion machine contains a housing with a cavity and a shock stepped piston placed in it, having a cavity for constant communication with a source of compressed air, and a valve air distribution device, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design and improve manufacturability and performance E to work, the valve of the air-distributing device is made in the form 313918724 liners installed with the possibility of radial calibrated gaps, axially moving and forming the last of which is connected with the cavity by a shock stepped piston of an axial and impact stepped piston.