RU2067044C1 - Impact-action pneumatic machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry; construction. SUBSTANCE: impact-action pneumatic machine has hollow housing with end face wall, striker and spool arranged in housing for axial travel. Stepped rod with air feed channels is installed in end face wall of housing. Spool is installed on rod smaller step with radial clearance. Stepped rod can be installed for axial displacement. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to construction, mining and other industries that use pneumatic impact machines.

A known machine comprising a housing with a cavity, a shock piston placed therein and a valve air distribution device in the form of a sleeve forming axial and radial calibrated gaps with a shock piston [1]
The disadvantages of the machine are the complexity of the design, unreliability in operation, limited use, lack of starting device.

Closest to the invention in terms of technical nature and the technical result achieved is a pneumatic impact machine, comprising a housing with an end wall, air supply channels arranged along its axis and an exhaust hole located in a hollow housing with the possibility of axial movement of the hammer and spool [2]
The disadvantages of this design are the limited use in operation, the absence of a starting device.

 The technical result of the invention is the simplification of the design, as well as the possibility of increasing reliability and expanding functionality.

 The technical result is achieved by the fact that the pneumatic impact machine, comprising a hollow body with an end wall, air supply channels and an exhaust hole placed along its axis, placed in the hollow body with the possibility of axial movement of the hammer and spool, it is equipped with a stepped rod with air supply channels installed in the end wall of the housing, and the spool is installed on a small step of the rod with a radial clearance. The stepped rod can also be installed in the end wall of the housing with the possibility of axial movement.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 schematically shows a pneumatic impact machine, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 2 part of the car with an air supply step rod.

 The pneumatic impact machine includes a housing 1 (Fig. 1) with a cavity 2, an air supply channel 3 and an exhaust outlet 4, while the cavity 2 is in communication with the atmosphere. In the housing 1 in the cavity 2, the working tool 5, the hammer 6, the stepped shaft 7 with the air supply channel 8, rigidly connected to the end wall of the housing 1 are placed with the possibility of axial movement; and FIG. 2 mounted with the possibility of axial movement and fixing and is drawn into the upper extreme position by the spring 9 through the sleeve 10. The end wall of the housing 1 and the stepped rod 7 form an annular groove 11 connected to the air supply channel 8 of the rod 7, into which the spool is installed in the form of a distribution sleeve 12 with axial 13 and radial 14 calibrated gaps. The movement of the spool 12 is limited by the shoulder 15, down the shoulder 16 of the groove 11.

 The machine operates as follows.

 In the initial position, the spring 9 raises the sleeve 10 and the stepped rod 7 to the upper extreme position, the axial calibrated gap 13 is blocked by the spool 12, the compressed air does not enter the cavity 2 of the machine, the machine does not work.

 When the sleeve 10 is pressed, the stepped rod 7 opens the calibrated axial clearance 13 and the compressed air enters through the channel 8, radial 14, the axial 13 calibrated clearances, channel 3 into the lower part of the cavity 2, under the action of pressure from below, the hammer 6 begins to move upward.

 After the opening of the hole 4 with the hammer 6 in the upper part of the cavity 2, the compression of the air cut off in it begins and its pressure increases. After the drummer passes 6 holes 4 from the lower part of the cavity 2, the exhaust of exhaust air starts and the pressure in it drops to atmospheric.

 Under the action of increased pressure from below, the spool 12 moves to the upper extreme position, while the lower part of the cavity 2 is isolated from the source of compressed air. An axial calibrated gap 13 is formed between the end face of the sleeve 10 and the shoulder 16, along which compressed air begins to flow into the upper part of the cavity 2. The hammer 6 is braked and starts to move down.

 After the opening of the opening 4 by the hammer 6 in the lower part of the cavity 2, the compression of the air cut off in it begins, and after opening the opening 4, exhaust is produced from its upper part. Under the action of increased pressure from above, the spool 12 moves to its lower position and allows compressed air to enter the lower part of the cavity 2. At this time, the hammer 6 makes a blow to the working tool 5 (if the hammer is made in one piece with the tool, then the object is hit) and under the influence of pressure from below it starts to move up. As soon as pressing the sleeve 10 under the action of the spring 9 stops, the rod 7 moves to its upper extreme position, the spool 12 abuts against the shoulder 15, the axial clearance 13 is closed and the machine stops working. Without a starter, the process described is repeated.

Claims (2)

 1. A pneumatic impact machine, comprising a hollow body with an end wall, air supply channels and an exhaust hole placed along its axis, axially displaced hammer and spool in the hollow body, characterized in that it is provided with a stepped rod with air supply channels installed in the end wall of the housing, and the spool is installed on a small step of the rod with a radial clearance.  2. Machine p. 1, characterized in that the stepped rod is installed in the end wall of the housing with the possibility of axial movement.

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