SU1391505A3 - Arrangement for automatic checking of fragile vessels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to non-destructive testing of products by an acousto-emission method and can be used in various technical fields for detecting cracks in brittle containers. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and quality of control. The containers 31, mounted and rotating with the help of the belts 15 on the conveyor 1, are supplied to the control zone, where they are successively loaded with the loading wheel 6. The acoustic emission signals occurring in the defective containers 31 are received by the receiving transducer through a jet of contact liquid and enter the the electronic part of the acoustic unit, in which the control signal is produced for the flaw meter 26, marking the defective capacitance 31.4 sludge. O) co. Ate about JV cm

Description

The invention relates to the non-destructive testing of products by an acousto-emissive method and can be used in various industries to detect cracks in fragile containers, for example bottles, cans, ampoules.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and quality of control.

Figure 1 schematically shows a device for the automatic control of fragile containers, front view; Fig 2 is the same, top view; FIG. 3 is the same side view; Fig. 4 is an electronic circuit of the acoustic unit of the automatic control device.

The device for automatic control of fragile containers contains a mechanism for maintaining and supplying containers to the control zone, made in the form of a conveyor belt I, a frame consisting of four vertical posts 2, upper crosses 3 and transverse beams 4, on which a conveyor 1 is installed, placed on the frame, the loading mechanism of each tank and the acoustic unit.

The loading mechanism comprises a lever 5 with a loading wheel 6 fixed on it, one end of which with the help of axis 7 is hinged on vertical supports 2, and the other end is connected with elastic-sliding supports 8 which are fixed on vertical supports 2, an electric drive consisting from the electric motor 9, the pulleys 10-13 and the belts 4, two closed elastic bands 15 mounted on the frame and driven by the pulley 13 so that during their rotation the monitored capacitances rotate around their own axis.

The acoustic unit of the monitoring device comprises an ultrasonic receiving signal receiving transducer 16, a nozzle 17 connected to it, rigidly mounted on a frame, for emitting immersion volume perpendicular to the direction of movement of the conveyor. 1, an immersion liquid storage tank 18 connected to the nozzle 1 via a conduit 19, as well as a chute 20 for collecting an immersion liquid.

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The receiving ultrasonic transducer 16 of the acoustic emission signals is connected to the electronic circuit 21 of the acoustic unit, consisting of a series-connected preamplifier 22, a processor 23, a timer 24, a control unit 25 and a defect tester 26, fragile capacitance recorders connected to the processor 23 In the form of an audible or visual warning unit 27 of a defect, a digital recording unit 28 and an oscilloscope 29, the position 30 denotes a screen (FIG. 3) to reflect the immersion liquid in the chute 20, and the position 31-controlled capacity. In addition, a bracket 32 is shown (FIG. 1) on which the chute 20 is fixed, a flexible drain pipe 33 connected via a pump 34 to a tank 1 8,

The transverse beams 4 are adjustable at height so that the conveyor 1 can be raised and lowered depending on the size of the containers 31 monitored. Lever 5 and wheel 6 can be made of synthetic plastic or other material that has the property to damp vibrations and vibrations. The loading wheel 6 is rotatable with respect to the lever 5 with, for example, nylon bearings. The elastic-sliding struts 8 can be made in the form of, for example, springs, pneumatic cylinders or hydraulic cylinders with the ability to control the applied load. The shape of the loading surface of the loading wheel 6 may be tapered, spherical. The nozzle 17 has such an opening that the flow of immersion liquid is laminar. The nozzle 17 is fixed on the frame with the possibility of adjusting its position relative to the monitored containers 31.

The device works as follows.

Fragile containers 31, for example bottles, are successively supplied to the control zone by means of a tape conveyor 1. At the same time, controlled containers 31 pass between two closed ethastic ribbons 15 installed so that they only touch containers 31. Elastic tapes 15 brought into the movement of the pulley 13 using an electric motor, 9, rotates in opposite directions so that in the process of their rotation and advance into the control zone, the monitored capacitances 31 rotate around their own axis.

In the control zone, in which the ultrasonic receiving transducer 16 and the nozzle 17 are installed, the monitored capacitances 31 are mechanically loaded with a rotating loading wheel 6 mounted on the lever 5 by successively lowering it onto the end (neck) of each fragile tank 31 passing under the wheel 6 The lifting and lowering of the lever 5 with the wheel rotating from the electric drive 6 is carried out by means of elastic-sliding struts 8. The axial load is removed and the tank 31 is simultaneously twisted due to its rotation around its own axes cause stress to occur in all parts of the capacitance being monitored. 31, In this case, the magnitude of the load is chosen in advance so that fragile containers 31 cannot be destroyed during their loading. In fragile containers 31 that have any defects (trellins, pores), as a result of loading, acoustic mission signals occur. The stream of immersion liquid, which flows laminarly from nozzle 17 and comes from tank 18 through conduit 19, is received by ultrasonic receiving transducer 16, converted into electrical signals and fed to electronic circuit 21 of acoustic unit.

In the electronic circuit 21, the electrical signals first arrive at the preamplifier 22, amplify - there and go to the processor 23. The function of the processor 23 is to generate such a signal that would correspond to the selected parameter of the acoustic emission signals. In this case, the output signal from

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processor 23 is the acoustic impulse speed. Next, the output signal is fed to the recording devices, namely, an acoustic or visual warning unit 27 of the defect, a digital recording unit 28 and an oscilloscope 29, which record signals exceeding a predetermined threshold value.

The discrimination threshold is set so that it is at the top of the crmeh signals (both electrical and mechanical) - but below the minimum value of the acoustic emission signal from the minimum defect at which the capacitance is considered defective. When signals that exceed the threshold value occur on the recording devices, a command is sent from the processor 23 to the control unit 25, which actuates the defectometer 26, which places a mark on the defective capacitance.

The control unit 25 is connected to the timer 24 of the conveyor, which responds to the time interval and the speed of the movement of the conveyor so that when triggered by a signal that a defect is present; Capacitance 31, fed from processor 23, timer 24 feeds an impulse to control unit 25 for control of defect-tester 26 in order to activate it when the conveyor passes through three

distance required to deliver the defective container to the location of the defect tester 26,

The control device can be combined with a lid attachment machine for fragile vessels such that the lidding head itself provides an applied compressive load to the vessel; no other load 5 is required to propagate any defects in this case.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for automatic control of fragile containers, containing a mechanism for maintaining and feeding containers into a control zone, made in the form of a belt conveyor, a frame and a loading mechanism for each container and an acoustic unit with a receiving ultrasonic transducer on the frame, designed to receive acoustic signals at the time of loading characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability and quality of control, it is equipped with a nozzle converter connected to the ultrapasByKOBbiM, rigidly fixed to the frame, immersion fluid jet emission perpendicular to the direction of movement of the conveyor belt and parallel to the conveyor belt, as a stress mechanism in the form of two vsholnen 7 ; j 15 1Z elastic folding racks, a lever with a loading wheel fixed on it, one end of which is hinged on the frame and the other end of the st. It is equipped with two straightening racks fixed on the frame of the electric drive, two closed elastic tapes connected to the electric drive and mounted on the frame with the possibility of turning controlled containers around their own axis. Phys .2 FIG.