SU1388916A1 - Device for measuring area of a figure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to television, in particular to television devices for measuring the geometrical parameters of images of objects, and can be used in the development of interactive measurement systems. those using television imaging techniques. The aim of the invention is to improve the measurement accuracy. The area of the figure is measured in the process of bypassing its contour, carried out by the operator with the help of a light marker on the screen of the display unit. The systematic error of measuring the area is eliminated, equal to ± 6.5 square discrete raster elements for each unit marker movement along the raster diagonals. This value is calculated with the appropriate sign, depending on the movement of the marker. The pulses corresponding to the diagonal movements of the marker are separated using two additional OR elements and, through the appropriate frequency divider and additional OR element, are fed to one of the counting inputs of the counter, 2 Il. i (n with

Description

with as cx

„

The invention relates to television, in particular to television devices for measuring the geometrical parameters of object images, and can be used in the development of interactive measurement systems using television and visual imaging methods.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the measurement accuracy.

Figure 1 shows the structural diagram of the device; Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the formation and movement of the marker.

The device contains a television t, the outputs of which are connected to the display unit 2, the generator 3 discrete raster and block 4 of the formation and movement of the marker, the first 5 and second 6 elements OR, connected to the outputs of the first to third and fourth to sixth block 4, respectively the first 7 and second 8 flip-flops connected to the outputs of the corresponding OR elements 5 and 6, the first 9 and second 10 elements AND, the first inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the corresponding triggers 7 and 8, the second to the output of the generator 3 connected also to second in ode unit 4, and the third, also connected to the second inputs 7 and 8, to the code of the third trigger 11, the first input of which is connected to the seventh output of unit 4, also connected to the second input of the display unit 2, and the second to the second output of sensor 1 , reversible counter 12, third 13 and fourth 14 elements OR, connected respectively to the first and fourth, third and sixth outputs of block 4, first 15 and second 16 frequency dividers, connected to outputs of the third 13 and fourth, respectively 14 elements OR, fifth and the sixth 18 elements OR exit which soedi-. There are no inputs with counting inputs of the counter 12, the first inputs are connected to the outputs of the first 9 and second 10 elements, respectively, and the second to the outputs of the first 15 and second 16 frequency dividers, respectively.

Block 4 of forming and moving the marker. Contains four counters 19, - 22, a push-button control - 23 controls, consisting of one movable 24 and eight fixed ones. 25 - 32 contacts and four elements OR 33 - 36.

15

20

ten

25

thirty

35

40

45

50

55

The device works as follows.

The video signal from the output of the television sensor 1 is fed to the input of the display unit 2, on the screen of which the operator is watching the measured image. Horizontal and frame sync pulses (FID and XSI) of sensor 1 start the 3 discrete raster generator, which generates raster sampling pulses during the forward running of the horizontal and vertical scanning: N pulses during each of the M lines. To monitor the contour of the measured fragment of the image, block 4 operates as follows.

The position of the marker on the screen of the display unit 2 is determined by the state of the counters 19 and 20, which have conversion factors equal to M and N, respectively. The code n (, N) at the time of the FID is rewritten into counter 22, and the code m (, M) at the time of XII is rewritten into counter 21. During the forward stroke of the sweeps, the raster sampling pulses from the generator 3 output to the reversible counting input of counter 22. Through n pulses. from the beginning of the discrete raster on the line at the reverse transfer output of counter 22, a pulse is generated that arrives at the reversible counting input of counter 21. The marker signal, which is removed from the reverse transfer output of counter 21, is formed during line m and raster with n number on the line . To move the marker, the operator closes the moving contact 24 with one of the contacts 25 - 32 corresponding to the selected direction. At the same time, the XI through the closed contacts and the corresponding OR elements (33 - 36) arrive at the corresponding counting (direct or reversible) inputs of counters 19 and 20, changing (increasing or decreasing) each time their state (pit codes) by one. Accordingly, it changes its position on the screen and the marker j is moving in the direction chosen by the operator. In addition to the video signal of the marker entering the display unit 2, the output signals of the unit 4 are pulses generated during each single movement of the marker. Each such output is marked in FIGS. 1 and 2 by vectors of the corresponding direction.

Using the elements OR 5 and 6, the pulses are separated according to the movement of the marker up and down the raster. Suppose there was a single movement of the marker in the axial direction up the raster (1). A pulse passing through the element OR 5 switches the trigger 7 to the state 1, which opens element 9 on the first input. On the other input element 9 also opens the gate signal of the trigger 11, which generates a pulse from the marker to the end of the line where the marker is The same pulse with the falling edge switches the trigger 8 to the state O. Thus, at the output of element 9, a packet of sampling raster pulses is received, which are fed through element OR 17 to the forward counting input of counter 12. The number of pulses in the packet is Nn. Similarly, with a single movement of the marker in the axial direction down the raster (O triggers a chain of elements 6,8,10 and 18 and a pack of N-n pulses passes to the reversible counting input of the counter 12,

Suppose now that the movement of the marker occurs in an upward direction to the right along the raster (/). Then, in addition to the N – n pulses, the counting input of the counter 12 is received directly from the corresponding output of block 4 through the element OR 13, the divisor 15 of the frequency by 2 and the element OR -17. Taking into account the division factor of the divider 15 frequency, equal to 2, the number of such pulses is equal to one to two movements of the marker. The total number of counting pulses received at the forward counting input of the counter 12 for type K displacements is

/

(N-n;) + ent (K / 2), (1)

where ent (K / 2) is an integer not exceeding K / 2,

In the case of the marker moving upwards to the left along the raster (), in addition to Nn pulses, the direct counting input of the counter 12 is sent, its reversing counting input receives pulses from the corresponding output of block 2 through the OR 14 element, the frequency divider 16 by 2 and element OR 18. Over K displacements type X

the counter 12 accumulates the result

(N-n. -Ent (K / 2). (2)

Thus, in the infusions (1)

..-TO

and (2) (N-UI) is the measurement result of a known device,

and ent (K / 2) is the computation correction introduced by the proposed device with diagonal movements of the marker.

Similarly carried out

area and diagonal movement of the marker downward. As a result, the area value is recorded in the counter 12,

Claims (1)

Invention Formula five Device for measuring the area of a figure containing a display unit, a marker forming and moving unit, a reversible counter, a discrete raster generator, a television sensor, the first, second and third outputs of which are connected respectively to the first input of the display unit, to the input of the discrete raster generator and to the first input the block of formation and movement of the marker, the second input of which is connected to the output of the discrete raster generator, the first and second elements OR, the inputs of which are respectively connected from the first to the third th and fourth to sixth outputs of the block forming and moving the marker, the first and second triggers, the trigger inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the first and second elements OR, the third three-i-ger, the first and second elements AND, the first inputs of which are respectively connected to outputs of the same trigger, and the second and third inputs are connected respectively to the output of the discrete raster generator, with the combined inputs of the first and second triggers, and to the output of the third trigger, the trigger input of which is connected to The seventh output of the block forming and moving the marker and to the second input of the display unit, and the reset input of the third trigger is connected to the output of the television sensor five 0 five 0 five ka different in that, in order to improve the accuracy of the device, it contains the first and second 513889 frequency dividers and the third to sixth OR elements, the inputs of the third and Fourth elements OR are connected respectively to the first and fourth, third and sixth inputs of the block forming and moving the marker, and the outputs of the third and fourth elements OR are respectively connected to the inputs of the first and second dividers Q 166 frequencies whose outputs are connected respectively to the first inputs of the OR and sixth OR elements, the second inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the first and second AND elements, and the outputs of the fifth and sixth OR elements are respectively connected to the forward and reverse inputs of the reversible counter. fie n5.6. /5./4 (fJt / e, 2