SU1388556A2 - Control system for electromagnetic hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mining, construction, and other industries and is intended for electromagnetic impact machines. The purpose of the invention is to increase the impact energy by increasing the speed of the striker. For this, the system has sensors 4, 8, 1, 9, respectively, the lower, upper positions of the striker, the thrust 1 strike and the extreme upper position of the striker, two shaping amplifier (UV) 22 and 23. The outputs of sensors 1 and 8 are combined and connected to the UV input 22 and to the input of the switch unit 20. The output of sensor 9 is combined with the output of UV 23 and sensor 4 and connected to the input of UV 23, the output of which is combined with the output of sensor 1. Sensor 9 triggers the start of UV 23, from which the striker head moves. When it approaches the sensor 8, a negative impulse is applied to the block 20. The striker moves down and strikes the treated surface. At the moment of impact, sensor 1 also receives a negative impulse to block 20. Then the striker begins to rise and the cycle repeats. 8 ill., 1 tab. ; 00 00 ate eating O) ГЧ5 lyjue.Z

Description

This invention relates to high-power electromagnetic impact machines (hammers) used in mining, construction and other industries.

When a hammer is used to destroy the oversized rocks, the problem of energy control arises, depending on the size and strength of the oversize rock. When installing the hammer on the fixed screens of the crushing and reloading devices, a short-term increase in the impact energy is required for a one-time destruction of the falling pieces of hard-to-crush rock. Therefore, the development of hammers, providing a short-term increase in impact energy for a one-time destruction of falling pieces of hard-to-crush rock, is an urgent task.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the impact energy by increasing the speed of the striker.

FIG. 1 shows the constructive arrangement of the position sensors of the striker; in fig. 2 is a block diagram of a device for controlling with an electromagnetic hammer; Fig, 3 - diagrams of the device; 4 is a diagram of a switching unit 20; on . FIG. 5, - functional block diagram

18 and 19 management; in fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a single control unit; in fig. 7 and 8 - schematic diagrams of logic devices.

FIG. 1 shows a shock sensor 1, a guide pipe 2, a head 3, a lower position sensor 4, a hammer body 5, coils 6, 7 of electromagnets, an upper position sensor 8, an extreme upper position sensor 9 in FIG. 2 is a hammer control scheme which consists of two identical current control units, each of which contains a thyristor terminal 10, 11, the input of which includes a current transformer 12 and 13, the output of which is through rectifier 14, 1 tori 16, 17 of the current, the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of the control unit 18 and 19, and the switching unit 20 of the thyristor rectifiers, the output of which is connected to the second input of the unit 18,

19 control, and COOT are connected to the first and second inputs of the switching unit 20 of the thyristor rectifiers

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Actually, the Start and Stop buttons, the second terminals of which are connected to the negative power supply bus, the output of the amplifier 21, the input of which is connected to the downstream sensor 4 and the fourth input of the control unit 20, are connected to the third input 20, and to the third input of the control unit 20 the upper position sensor 8, the shock sensor 1 and the output of the third amplifier 22, the input of which is connected to the extreme upper position sensor 9 and the output of the second amplifier 23, whose input is connected to the impact sensor 1 are connected.

The switching unit (PSU) organizes the work cycle of the hammer in accordance with the timing diagrams presented in FIG. 3. In this case, the following operations are carried out: switching on the rectifier 11 for operation in the rectifying mode, and switching on it is possible by pressing the Start button or from a negative signal from the impact sensor 1; transfer of rectifier 11 to the invertory mode according to the signal of the amplifier —former 22 and reduction of the current in the winding 7 to zero; shutdown of rectifier 11 after the current in the winding 7 drops to zero; turning on the top of the 1U worlds for operation in a step-by-step mode, which is turned on from the positive signal of the sensor 4 of the lower position; transfer of the rectifier to the inventory mode by the signal of the amplifier-former 21 and reduction of the current in the winding 6 to zero; disconnecting rectifier 10 after the current in the winding 6 drops to zero; enable rectifier 10 for rectifier operation. In this case, the activation is made from the positive signal of the sensor 9 of the extreme upper position; transfer of rectifier 10 to the inverter mode by the signal of the amplifier-former 23 and reduction of the current in the winding 6 to zero.

FIG. 4 shows a circuit diagram of a power supply unit, which contains: devices 24-27 matching, delay lines 28 and 29, logical devices for turning on and off converters 30, 31 and 32, 33.

The matching devices 24-27 serve to isolate the signals from the sensors and driver amplifiers, as well as to match these signals to the input signals.

resistances of logical elements on which the switching unit is built.

Lines 28 and 29 of delays set the duration of the inverter mode of operation of converters 10 and 11 and ensure their disconnection after dropping to zero current in currents 6 and 7, respectively.

Logic devices on, 30, 31 and off 32 and 33, generate signals to enable and disable thyristor converters.

A schematic diagram of the switching device is shown in FIG. 7, it is built on four AND-NOT 34-37 gates, to the input of the first of which a differentiating chain 38, 39, 40 is connected.

A schematic diagram of the logic disconnect device is shown in FIG. 8. It is built on the four NAND gate 41-44 gates.

Each of the control blocks 18 (19) contains a transistor switch 45 (46) and six control channels 47 (48), 49 (50), 51 (52) -, 53 (54), 35 (56), 57 (58 ).

Transistor switch 45 (46) is used to form a common control signal for six channels. The logic of the operation of the key, the mode of the converter and the magnitude of the control voltage are explained in the table.

100 from (-5) to rectified

Each key 45 (46) contains four transistors, seven separation diodes, resistors.

The control signals from the output of the key 45, 46 through the contacts of the relay 59 enter the control channels. A schematic diagram of a single control channel is shown in FIG. 6, the channel contains three transistors 60-62. Transistor 60 assembled sawtooth generator

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voltage synchronized with the network by applying a voltage of a synchronizing transformer to the base of the transistor. The transistor 61 fulfills the function of the zero-body. The transistor 62 is a pulse shaper amplifier. A control signal common to all six channels 47 (48) - 57 (58) is supplied to the emitter of transistor 61. When the supply voltage is applied, the capacitor 63 is charged through potentiometer 64 to the control voltage and. When the potentials of the base n of the emitter are equal, the transistor 61 opens, opens also the transistor 62, which forms a negative voltage pulse. Under the action of this voltage, a current flows through the light emitter diode 65, the optothyristor is opened, and then the power thyristor of the converter.

When power is applied to block 20 (Fig. 4), the outputs of devices 24 and 27 for matching this block are set to 1, and to the outputs of devices 25, 26 for matching O. From the outputs of devices 24 and 27 1 they are fed to the inputs of delay lines 28 and 29, respectively the charge begins of the capacitors 63 (Fig. 6) of these delay lines. During the charging time at output 28 and 29 will be 1, which is fed to the second inputs of logic devices 30, 31 on and off 32, 33, thereby providing the following signals to the inputs of transistor switches 45, 46: 5. 1, and at the end the pause created by 28 will again be:, g - O, yi- 1.

A positive impulse from 31 arrives at the third input of block 20 and also as a positive impulse from 23, for the pause time created by line 28, sends the following signals to the key 45 input: of, 31, - O, (b - 1, then again of ,, / i, - Oh, y, - 1.

Thus, after applying voltage at the input of the transistor to the keys 45 and 46, there will be signals (о (,, (, d, ц О у, У 1 1)) providing at the output of the keys the control voltage corresponding to the disconnected state of both converters. The control system is prepared for operation.

The control system for an electromagnetic hammer works as follows.

When the start button is pressed, a negative voltage pulse is applied to the input of the matching device 25, providing at its output 1, which passes to the first input of the device 31 (Fig. 4). Since O is supplied to the second input of the device 31 from the delay line 28, 1 appears at its output, which goes to the first input of the shutdown device 33 and switches it to the O state. The following signals are sent to the input of the switch 46: "2 y - oh, ofjIl4tl

I.

When the Start button is pressed, the coil 59 of the relay (Fig. 4) is powered, which connects the output of keys 45 and 46 to the inputs of control channels 47 (48), 49 (50), 51 (52), 53 (54), 55 ( 56), 57 (58), respectively (Fig. 5). about /, ji, of,

C g O g 1. which corresponds to the inclusion of converters in the inventory operation mode, however, control signals do not arrive at the control channels, since the contacts of the relay 59 connecting these circuits are open. But the termination of the charge of the capacitors 63 at the output of the lines 28 and 29 appears O, coming to the second inputs of logic devices on, 30, 31 and off 32, 33, thereby providing the following signals at the input of the keys 45, 46: oi, / 5, , o (j, / 3

7-1, Ug-1.

At the same time, when power is supplied, pulses are formed on the x-amplifier amplifier 21, 22 and 23 with the following sequence: the first — from 23, the second — from 22, the third — from 21. Moreover, the pauses, formed with the help of amplifiers-formers 21-23, more pauses created by delay lines 28, 2-9.

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A positive impulse from / IJ goes to the third input of the switching unit 20, passes to the matching device 24, providing at its output O, which is fed to the input of the delay line 28, at its output during the delay time specified by this line will be 1 At the entrance of the key 45 will be: l ,, -y, - / b, - 1,

and at the end of the pause created by 2S, it will again be: o (,, / i, - uV; T l - A negative impulse from 22 goes to the fourth input of the 2U unit, passes to 27, providing O at its output, which is fed to the input -. The SRI 29 of the delay at its output for the time specified by this line will be 1. At the input of the key 46, bu-0 (2, -O. From the output of the key 46, the control signal is received through channels 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57 in a clockwise rectifier 11. In the winding 7, the current rises to the value determined by the setpoint of the current regulator 17. The striker is pulled into the winding 7 during the time specified by amplifier 22 which starts when the Start button is pressed and delivers a negative impulse to the fourth input of block 20. This impulse passes to the interface 4, providing at its output O, which is fed to the input of delay line 29, and at its output will be 1 At the input of the key 46 will be:, .jij- / ь - 1. The key 46 will generate a control signal that ensures the transfer of the thyristor rectifier 11 to the inverter mode, the current in the winding 7 drops to zero and at the end of the pause, counted by the delay line 29 , at its output, O appears, and at the input of the key Cha 46 will be: D / 2,, - 1, the spinning rectifier 11 is turned off. Unit 3 continues to move upward due to the accumulated kinetic energy and when the striker leaves the sensor 4 zone, a positive impulse is induced in it (sensor), which flows to the fourth input of unit 20. This impulse passes at 26, providing at its output O, which is supplied to the first input of the device 30. Since O is connected to the second input of the device 30, delay line 28 is transmitted, 1 appears at the output of the device 30 and goes to the input state of the key 32 46 the following signals arrive: / i ,, y, - o dt , - 1. The key 45 supplies the control signal to the channels 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57, which provides the rectifying mode of the thyristor, rectifier 11. In the winding 6, the current rises to the value determined by the setting of the current regulator 16, firing pin 3 on

It retracts into the winding 6. The same positive pulse from sensor 4 is fed to the input of the amplifier-mapper 41, the output of which is connected to the third input of the block 20 and the amplifier-former 21 generates a positive pulse to the interface 24, providing at its output Oh, which is fed to the input of the delay line 28, and at its output will be 1. At the input of the key 45 will be o / ,, i-ft, - 1. The key 4 forms a control signal that ensures the transfer of the thyristor rectifier 10 to the inventory mode, the current in the winding b drops to zero and in the tub pause counted from the delay line 28, at its output on is O, and the key 45 will output a: / ,,

/ 1, - T1, - 1, the thyristor rectifier 10 is turned off. The head 3, due to the accumulated kinetic energy, continues to move upwards and reaches sensor 9 of the uppermost position, in which a positive pulse is applied, which is fed to the fourth input of unit 20. This pulse passes the interface 26, providing at its output O, which served on the first entry. Since, at the second input of the device 30, the delay line 28 is supplied O, then the output of the device 30 appears 1, which goes to the first input of the device 32 and transfers it to the state O. The following signals arrive at the input of the key 45: / 3 ,, -у, - О, oi - 1. The key 45 supplies to the channels 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57 a control signal providing a rectifying mode of operation of the thyristor top 10, In the winding 6 the current rises up to the value determined by control setpoint 16 and the hammer 3 begins to move down. But the signal of the amplifier 23, which is started up by the extreme upper position sensor 9, the rectifier 10 is switched to the inverter mode, the current in the winding 6 drops to zero and at the end

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the pause period of the delay line 28, the thyristor rectifier 10 is turned off. The wagon 3 continues to move down and when the upper end of the striker approaches the upper position sensor 8, a negative and a pull is induced in it (sensor), which is fed to the third input of the block 20 and

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includes rectifier m11tel 41 in rectifier mode. Head 3 accelerates downwards and when approaching the lower position sensor 4, negative impulse j enters the fourth input of block 20 and transfers the rectifier 11 to the inverter mode, the current in the winding 6 drops to zero and, at the end of the pause, counted by the line 29, the rectifier 11 is turned off, and the striker moves down and strikes the treated surface. At the moment of impact, a negative impulse from the impact sensor 1 is sent to the third input of the unit 20, which converts the thyristor driver 11 into the rectifying mode. The hammer will begin to rise and the hammer cycle will repeat.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Electromagnetic hammer control system autom. St. No. 1216342, characterized in that, in order to increase the impact energy by increasing the speed of the striker, sensors of the striker's upper position, hammer strikes and the striker's extreme upper position and two shaping amplifiers are introduced into it, while the outputs of the striker sensors and the striker's upper position are combined and connected to the input of the second amplifier-maker and to the third input of the switching unit, and the output of the extreme upper position sensor is combined with the outputs of the second amplifier-maker and the lower position sensor of the striker and connected to the input -formirovatel third amplifier whose output is combined with the release pin of the hammer sensor. Fig.Z duel // " uf.S ZV 38 W.-CHE 20. FIG. 6 57F- 7 58