SU1388283A1 - Food slicer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the food industry, namely to VidA devices for cutting products. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the loss of raw materials, improve the presentation of products and reduce the energy intensity of the process. A device for cutting foodstuffs, mainly meat, contains a receiving table 1, to the frame 2 of which two vertical guides 3 are attached. Guides 3 have longitudinal grooves 5 in which knife 4 is moved. To increase the efficiency of the device, knife 4 is equipped with two pairs of rollers 6 supported by the rolling surfaces on the guides 3. The knife drive is made in the form of two power cylinders 7, hingedly connected with the guides. The hydraulic cylinder rods are also pivotally connected to the knife at its ends. 1 hp f-ly, 2 ill. S

Description

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The invention relates to food packaging and can be used for cutting various food products, in particular, meat processing plants, retail outlets and the like.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the loss of raw materials, improve the presentation of the cut pieces, increase the quality of the cut, durability and durability of the knife, reducing the energy intensity of the process, as well as safety.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed device, a cross-section; in fig. 2 is a view A of FIG. one.

The device comprises a receiving table 1, to the frame 2 of which two vertical guides 3 in the form of rectangular plates, a guillotine type knife 4 and a knife drive are attached. In the grooves 5 made in the guides 3, the knife 4 is placed with the possibility of vertical movement, provided with two pairs of rotating rollers 6, each of which is seated on a separate axis and the rollers in it are placed on both planes of the knife 4 and thus on the opposite sides grooves 5 and are supported by their rolling surfaces on the outer 1 planes of the directions Jup1. 3, excluding the horizontal movements of the knife 4 relative to the latter, but freely tolerating its significant bias in the vertical plane.

The drive mechanism of the knife is made in the form of two articulated actuating hydraulic cylinders 7 of bilateral action, the rods 8 of which are connected to the knife 4 at its ends by means of ball joints 9. The receiving table 1 has a transverse groove 10, which serves to overlap the plane of the table with a knife when cutting a piece. The two vertical guides 3, together with the crossbar 11, the table 1 and the frame 2, form a single frame structure. The hydraulic cylinders are fixed on the frame through the brackets 12 and connected to the hydraulic drive station without mutual synchronization. For reversing the movement of the knife and stopping it in the upper initial position, the limit switches 13 and 14, respectively, are installed on the guide. To prevent access, the moving parts of the device are closed from the outside by protective covers 15. The bunker 16 serves to collect and remove the waste generated during cutting.

The device works as follows.

When the oil station is turned on, the pressure is supplied to the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 7, the rods 8 extend and raise the knife 4 to the upper limit position, which is fixed by the knife stopping when the limit switch 14 is triggered. The raw material, for example, is placed on the receiving table 1 and fed

on cutting. To make the working stroke, the pressure from the hydraulic system is fed into the throttled cavities of the cylinders 7, the forces of which are lowered and carry with them

knife 4, there is a cut. When entering the groove 10 and lowering the cutting edge of the knife 4 20-30 mm below the plane of the table, the cutting of the machine ends, and the limit switch 13 is activated, which switches the hydraulic actuator to lift and then when the switch 14 is operated to stop and keeping the knife 4 in the upper position, after which the cutting cycle is repeated.

The choice of a hydraulic drive is unequivocally justified by the fact that the use of a different type of drive does not allow for the rotational-oscillating nature of the movement of the knife due to its distortions in the cutting plane and to increase the efficiency of the device. Executive only

0 A hydrostatic principle of action can develop such a pressure and thus such an operating force, which is determined by the magnitude of the load applied to it, and not just by the parameters of the drive. Consider how this happens when the operation of hydraulic cylinders from the same oil station is not hydraulically synchronized, and there is also no possibility of their mechanical interlocking through the base system.

Q knife in guides. As a rule, the processed milled or other type of billet in one way or another is a heterogeneous mass. As a consequence, the load on the length of the cutting body is unevenly distributed, and

5, the pattern of distribution may in turn vary during the cutting process. This leads to the fact that in any part of the knife the cutting force may change, for example, it has increased. At the same time, the need for further movement

0 The shaft of the hydraulic cylinder closest to this zone, for example, the left one (Fig. 1), also increases the force FI. But at the same time pressure in the left hydraulic cylinder P | retains the same value and cannot increase by 5 so much so that the working force on the brush of the FI RiSiii cylinder (Sm is the area of the cavity cavity) is sufficient to overcome the required F, i.e. Fi FI. This is due to the fact that both hydraulic cylinders are powered from a single station of the hydraulic drive and the system pressure is always set to the minimum of the working pressures developed in the left P | and right P2 hydraulic cylinders, i.e. on the right, for which the payload F2 at the moment remains the same (R | “Rd). The lack of hydraulic and mechanical synchronization of executive hydraulic cylinders leads to a redistribution between them of the total flow of working fluid from the oil station.

At the same time, the flow to the left hydraulic cylinder Qi decreases, and the first Q2 increases (). As a result, the rod of the left hydraulic cylinder slows down its movement, and the right one accelerates, which causes an angular rotation (skew) of the knife in the cutting plane in the corresponding direction (clockwise, Fig. 1). Upon further immersion of the accelerated (right) part of the knife into the workpiece being cut, the load de-energized on the rod of the right hydraulic cylinder continuously increases, so that p2, and this leads to a slowdown in the movement of the latter and ultimately an increase in pressure in the hydraulic actuator The force on the rod of the left hydraulic cylinder, in turn, will exceed the cut resistance in this area Fi and the knife will similarly receive a reversal in the opposite direction (counterclockwise, Fig. 1). Thus, the cutting process using a hydraulic actuator is characterized by a simultaneous combination of translational motion with continuously and smoothly occurring turning oscillations of the cutting organ, adapted

on unevenly occurring

cutting load. Such a movement of the working body cannot be realized on the basis of the use of, for example, a pneumatic actuator. The fact is that a pneumatic or other type of drive at all stages of cutting develops a constant force, the maximum necessary for cutting this product, and the movement of the knife in the cutting plane will only be translational in a position determined by the equilibrium which results in some way. distributed load and maximum working force of pneumatic cylinders. In addition, the cutting process in this case is also accompanied by the dynamic nature of the interaction of the knife with the workpiece.

The possibility of kinematic knife reversal is provided by floating it in the plane of the cut. For this, the knife is mounted in the vertical grooves of the guides and provided with two pairs of rollers in contact with rolling surfaces on both sides of the vertical grooves, and the hydraulic cylinders are hingedly connected with the guides, the rods of which are also hingedly attached to the end sections of the knife (Fig. 1 and 2). Thus, in the proposed design, the hydraulically-operated knife system forms a flat ball joint, in which the possibility of horizontal displacement of the knife and mechanical blocking of the extension of the hydraulic cylinder rods is excluded, but movement in the vertical direction with the maximum possible skews defined by the gaps between the rollers is allowed and outer planes of the guides (Fig. 1), which

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provide them within 15-20 °, established on the basis of experimental data. However, the oscillatory i-blades of the knife directly arise, not at the expense of any external kinematic excitement, but as a result of an internal interaction, driven by a hydraulic drive of the cutting body with a milling billet in accordance with the mechanism and laws established above. This type of cut makes it possible to significantly increase its efficiency by reducing the energy intensity of the process and the loss of meat, as well as improving the quality of the cut and improving the presentation of the cut meat. At the same time, the complete absence of any dynamic manifestations and the smooth nature of the static interaction of the knife with the workpiece increase the durability and durability of the knife, as well as the safety of work. In the proposed solution, due to the floating position of the knife, the possibility of its jamming in the guides under uneven loading is completely eliminated, and thus the reliability of the mechanism is increased. When cutting a homogeneous mass, which practically does not occur, the knife skews are not eliminated and the nature of its movement in the plane of the cut remains the same. In this case, the knife skews are also caused by the unevenness of its loading, which in this case is due to the arbitrary geometrical shape of the workpiece, its extra-central location on the receiving table, etc.

From the analysis of the mechanism of interaction between the knife and the workpiece being cut, it has been established that using only one (in the sense of a single) supply station and supplying the hydraulic drive without reciprocal synchronization is essential for achieving the necessary law of motion of the tool. Hydraulic synchronization is not achieved due to power from a single station of the hydraulic drive (necessary condition) and the absence of synchronizing devices in the form of flow dividers, throttles with a regulator, etc. (sufficient condition), and a mechanical interlock is excluded, as shown above, by a non-rigid (floating) fit of the knife in the guides and by its hinged joint with the hydraulic cylinder rods. In view of the simplicity and obviousness, the supply circuit in FIG. 1, 2 is not shown, but only a brief text description is given. When using a pneumatic actuator in such a system, synchronization in principle is also not ensured; however, this, as shown above, does not make it possible to obtain a rotational-oscillating character of the movement of the knife and therefore does not play a significant role.

Making a transverse groove in the receiving table for the knife to overlap the plane of the table allows the latter to maintain the cut part and in the aggregate increases the cutting efficiency at its last stage.

Claims (2)

1. A device for cutting foodstuffs, comprising a receiving table, vertical guides, mounted with the possibility of vertical movement of the knife and knife drive, characterized in that, in order to reduce the loss of raw materials, to improve the presentation of the cut products, improving the quality of the cut, durability and durability of the device, reducing the energy intensity of the process, as well as safety of work, the guides are made with grooves, and the knife is installed in the latter and provided with two pairs of rollers in contact with rolling surfaces with guides on either side of the slots, and the knife drive is made in the form of hinged hydraulic cylinders, the rods of which are also pivotally connected to the ends of the knife, with the hydraulic cylinders communicating hydraulically among themselves. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that a transverse groove for the knife is made in the receiving table.