SU1384932A1 - Device for checking angular deformations of rotating object shafts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to measuring angular deformations of the shafts of rotating objects and can be used to control the accuracy of alignment, balancing and final adjustment of the mating elements of bearing assemblies and mechanisms in the collection. The purpose of the invention is to expand the functionality of the device for the study of temporal and phase non-uniformity of deformations.

Description

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shafts with operative display of control results on an electron-beam indicator 30. This is achieved by introducing into the device a stabilized electromechanical drive 1, a torsion shaft with a sine-cosine potentiometric transducer 9 connected through matching amplifiers 39 and 40 with deflection plates 33 and 34, signal conversion from magnetic heads 14 and 15, reading tags evenly printed on the rings, by a circuit containing two pulse amplifiers 22 and 23, recording-replay switches 18-21, t igger 24, as well as key element 25, power supply 26, charge current regulator 27 and capacitive storage 28, connected to the input of the final amplifier 29, the output of which is connected to the additional electrode 31 of the radial deflection, beam, and displayed on the display 30 polar diagrams values of temporal or phase non-uniformity of shaft deformations depending on the position of the backlight mode switch 37, switching the direct and inverse outputs of the inverting amplifier 36, the input of which through the differentiating unit 35 is connected to terminal amplifier 29, and a signal to the resistive-capacitive divider 38 and the modulator 32. Tags are previously recorded with the same heads 14 and 15 using a pulse generator 16 of a stabilized frequency. The device makes it possible to increase the accuracy of controlling the non-uniformity of angular deformations and the defects of the centering of balancing and fitting the moving elements of the rotating object causing them. 3 il.

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The invention relates to a measurement technique and can be used to control the accuracy of alignment, balancing and final adjustment of the interface between the elements of sub-shaft assemblies of shafts of rotating objects.

The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality of the device for studying the temporal and phase non-uniformity of shaft deformations with the operative display of control results, which is achieved by introducing a frequency-stabilized electromechanical drive connected to it and the object under study to torsion-shaft couplings with a sinus potentiometer - a tactile transducer of the angle of rotation of the shaft, connected through a matching amplifiers with an electron-beam indicator, having up to additional electrode of radial deflection of the beam, conversion of signals from two magnetic heads installed against diamagnetic disks with rings of magnetizable material fixed at the ends of the torsion shaft, a circuit containing two pulse amplifiers connected to magnetic heads and trigger inputs via recording-replay switches, key an element connected to a stabilized power supply unit, a charge current regulator, a capacitive drive connected to a key element and terminated m amplifier, the output of which is connected to the electrode of the radial deflection of the beam and the input of the differentiating unit with the inverting

the amplifier has a three-position backlight mode switch, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the inverting amplifier, and the output through a resistive-capacitive divider with a luminance modulator, and the polar diagrams displaying the temporal or phase non-uniformity of the shaft deformations on the electron-beam indicator depending on the position of the backlight mode switch.

FIG. 1 shows the kinematic diagram of the device; in fig. 2 is a block diagram of the electronic part of the device; in fig. 3 is a typical object diagram with a pronounced non-uniformity of shaft deformations obtained on the screen of the electron-beam indicator when the backlight mode switch is in the position when the luminous emission of the beam is allowed on the forward and reverse course.

A device for monitoring the angular deformations of the shafts of rotating objects contains a frequency-stabilized electromechanical drive 1 with a power source 2, a torsion shaft 3 with thickened ends 4 and 5, designed to be installed between the shaft of the electromechanical drive 1 and the shaft of the object 6, two couplings 7 and 8, mounted on the thickened ends 4 and 5 of the torsion shaft 3 and connected, respectively, to the shafts of the drive 1 and the object 6, the sine-cosine potentiometric transducer 9 of the angle of rotation la set

on a thickened base 4 of the torsion shaft 3, two diamagnetic disks 10 and 11 with rings 12 and 13 fixed from the periphery of a magnetizing material, two magnetic heads 14 and 15, fixedly mounted against the rings 12 and 13, a pulse generator 16 of a stabilized frequency, generator 17 eg erase lines, four three-position replay switches 18-21, the moving contacts of which are mechanically interconnected, two pulse amplifiers 22 and 23, the inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively to one of the moving terminals The contacts of one of the write-play switches 18-21, trigger 24, key element 25, the input of which is connected to the output of trigger 24, stabilized power supply 26, charge current regulator 27 connected by input with stabilized power supply 26, capacitive storage 28,

Sequentially turning the torsion shaft 3 at equal angular intervals (in particular, using a dividing head, not shown) from the output of a pulse generator 16 operating in the external manual start mode, a single end amplifier 29 is fed, the input of which is co-current in parallel with both magnetic

unified with the outputs of the key element 25 and the charge current regulator 27 and the capacitive storage 28, the electron-beam indicator 30 with the additional electrode 31 of the radial deflection of the beam, the modulator 32 luminance and the plates 33 and 34 of the horizontal and vertical deflection of the beam, differentiating unit 35, input which is connected to the output of the final amplifier 29 and an additional electro25

heads 14 and 15 at each fixed, angular position of the diamagnetic disks 10 and 11, planted respectively on thickened ends 4 and 5 of the torsion shaft 3. Then rotating object 6 to be examined, which can be tested as different centering units (radial and thrust under - friction pliers, rolling) and electromechanical converter units

Home 31 radial deflection, inverted other passive rotating objects.

a switching amplifier 36 with direct and inverse outputs, a backlight mode switch 37 on three positions, the inputs of which are connected to the direct and inverse outputs of an inverting amplifier 36, and the output using coupling 8 is connected to the torsion shaft 3 connected through a coupling 7 shaft stabilized electromechanical drive 1.

Switches 18-21 are rendered inline with block 38 and modulator 32, a bright-fifth position and a toggle switch include electroty, and matching amplifiers 39 and 40, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of a sine-cosine potentiometric converter 9 and the outputs respectively with plates 33 and 34 horizontal and vertical deflection of the beam of the beam indicator 30.

The fixed contacts of the first position of the recording and playback switches 18 and 19 connected to the inputs of the pulse amplifiers 22 and 23, as well as the fixed contacts of the second and third positions of the recording and playback switches 20 and 21 connected to the outputs of the switching amplifiers 22 and 2.3, are respectively connected to magnetic heads 14 and 15. The fixed contacts of the second position of the switches 18 and 19 of the recording and playback are connected to the pulse generator 16 of a stabilized frequency, and the fixed contacts of the third position of the same switch The mechanical drive 1, whose rotation through the torsion shaft 3 is transmitted to the test object 6.

When a torsion shaft loaded with a controlled object 6 rotates, the torsional deformations occurring in it 40 reflect the law of change of the braking moment acting on the side of the rotating object 6. The uneven distribution during the period of rotation of the braking moment acting on the side of the object being investigated 6 on the torsion shaft 3, due to the inaccuracy of the execution and centering of the movable part of the object, also having the usual imbalance and unevenness of the moment of the joint friction, with mating disturbance between mutually contacting elements and nodes of a rotating object.

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In accordance with changes in angular deformations of the torsion shaft 3 in the process

Chapters 18 and 19 are connected to the generator 1755 of its dynamic loading by rotating erasing voltages. Fixed contacts with object 6 will be mutually displaced

You are the first position of the switches 20 and 21 on the phase of the diamagnetic disks 10 and 11 with the recording-playback connected by rings 12 and 13 fastened to them.

the outputs of the pulse amplifiers 22 and 23, are connected to the installation inputs of the trigger 24.

The device for controlling the angular deformations of the shafts of rotating objects operates as follows.

Before connecting to the device (Fig. 1} of the shaft of the rotating object to be controlled, b, when the torsion shaft 3 is not loaded, rings 12 0 and 13 of the diamagnetic disks 10 and 11 are applied simultaneously to the magnetic heads 14 and 15, for which the switches 18-21 (Fig. 2) are set to the second position.

Sequentially turning the torsion shaft 3 at equal angular intervals (in particular, with the help of a dividing head, not shown) from the output of the pulse generator 16, operating in the external manual start mode, individual im 5

0 current pulses in parallel to both magnetic

25

heads 14 and 15 at each fixed, angular position of the diamagnetic disks 10 and 11, planted respectively on thickened ends 4 and 5 of the torsion shaft 3. Then rotating object 6 to be examined, which can be tested as different centering units (radial and thrust under - friction pliers, rolling) and electromechanical converter units

 o other passive rotating objects.

 other passive rotating objects.

by means of the coupling 8 is connected to the torsion shaft 3, connected through the coupling 7 with the shaft of the stabilized electromechanical drive 1.

Switches 18-21 transferred to position and toggle switch include elekt40 SP

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In accordance with changes in angular deformations of the torsion shaft 3 in the process

it is dynamically loaded by rotating. When applying to the first input of the trigger 24 a short pulse from the outputs of the pulse amplifier 22 connected via a switch 18 to the magnetic head 14 operating in read mode, from the output of the trigger 24 to the input of the controlled key element 25 a blocking voltage is applied, which closes this key element 25 and creates a condition for a smooth linear potential increase on this diamagnetic disk 11 will lag in phase from the diamagnetic disk 10 by dynamically changing angle, while the rotational speed of the diamagnetic disk 10 at any phase deviation x diamagnetic disc 11 will remain constant, uniquely determines Referring constant angular velocity rotation of the drive 1 stabilized.

Common-mode equal interval tags,

pre-deposited on the rings 12 of the hopper 28 due to the charge current passed through and 13 of the non-magnetic material of the driving through the charge stabilizer 27 with the torsion shaft 3 unloaded, into the flow associated with the stabilized block of dynamic loading of this shaft unit 26, the device being investigated by the rotating object 6. The linear potential build-up on it will be mutually displaced in phase on the remote accumulator 28, personal angles will be continued, corresponding to an instant knowledge of the arrival of another trigger 24 times. In addition, the braking force acting in different phases of rotation from the object under study 6 to the torsion shaft 3.

The tags read by the magnetic head 14 from the ring 12 create in the winding of the head 14 20 a periodic sequence of pulsed EMF with a strictly constant pulse repetition interval, defined as

a pulse from the output of amplifier 23 connected through a switch 19 with a magnetic head 15 operating in the mode of reading tags from ring 13.

With the arrival of a short pulse to the other input of trigger 24, from the output of this trigger, the potential arrives at the input of the controllable key element 25, which opens the key element 25 and interrupts the process of voltage growth at accumulator 28, bringing its potential to zero.

uniformly spaced reference marks on the ring 12, and stabilized angular velocity of rotation of the electromechanical actuator 1.

As a result of reading with the magnetic head 15 check marks from a moving ring with an uneven speed of rotation

With the arrival of a short pulse to the other input of trigger 24, from the output of this trigger, the potential arrives at the input of the controllable key element 25, which opens the key element 25 and interrupts the process of voltage growth at accumulator 28, bringing its potential to zero.

The zero potential at the output of accumulator 28 will remain until the nearest pulse arrives from the magnetic head 14 through the pulse amplifier 22 to the first input.

13 in the winding of the head 15 is excited by the trigger 24, when the key element 25 is a sequence of pulses spaced apart at different time intervals relative to each other and 14 pulse signals lagging behind the correspondingly shaped head 14 by periods corresponding to the braking torque applied to object 6 on the torsion shaft 3 at different angular positions of its driven thick end 4.

Formed by magnetic heads 14

35

A new potential build-up on accumulator 28 will begin and begin due to the action of charge current regulator 27.

Thus, during the time interval between the adjacent consecutive pulses coming from the heads 14 and 15 through the pulse amplifiers 22 and 23 to the installation inputs of the trigger 24, as the test object 6 rotates on the accumulator 28, a linearly increasing signal is generated, the amplitude value of which builds 15 EMF after passing 40 g respectively, in proportion to the magnitude of the shift through the pulse amplifiers 22 and 23 of the pre-phases between the boundary sections of the torsion shaft 3, in the plane of which the diamagnetic disks 10 and 11 are located, t and to

They are divided into two sequences of short-duration pulse signals, which separately arrive respectively at the installation inputs of the trigger 24, one of the outputs of which is connected to the input of the controlled key element 25.

Capacitive drive 28 connected via charge current regulator 27 to stabilized power supply unit 26

the actual value of the braking moment created by the rotating object under study 6 for an electromechanical drive I.

When reading in the course of measurements with the head 14 check marks

When the control of the e-50 of the ring 12 is open, and the head of the 15 does not have a mark from the key ring 25, the first input of the trigger 24 will have virtually no potential due to short-term, strictly intermittently bypasses - low impulses act on accumulator 28, while a short-key element 25 will be applied to the other ohm transfer resistance of the open input of trigger 24; fully neutral-time non-periodic impulses that mix the effect on accumulator 28 relative to on time ary timeslots respect to the charging-low power circuit soder- respect to the corresponding pulses zhaschey stabilizer 27 charging current. arriving at the first input of the trigger 24.

When applying to the first input of the trigger 24 a short pulse from the outputs of the pulse amplifier 22 connected via a switch 18 to a magnetic head 14 operating in read mode, a blocking voltage is applied from the output of the trigger 24 to the input of the controlled key element 25, which closes this key element 25 and creates a condition for a smooth linear potential increase at accumulator 28 due to the charge current passing through the charge current stabilizer 27 associated with the stabilized power supply unit 26 CTBA, Ramp potential on the capacitive storage device 28 will continue until the arrival at the other input of the flip-flop 24 multiplicities

0

five

a pulse from the output of amplifier 23 connected through a switch 19 with a magnetic head 15 operating in the mode of reading tags from ring 13.

With the arrival of a short pulse to the other input of trigger 24, from the output of this trigger, the potential arrives at the input of the controllable key element 25, which opens the key element 25 and interrupts the process of voltage growth at accumulator 28, bringing its potential to zero.

The zero potential at the output of accumulator 28 will remain until the nearest pulse arrives from the magnetic head 14 through the pulse amplifier 22 to the first input.

 trigger 24 when the key element is 25 over 5

A new potential build-up on accumulator 28 will begin and begin due to the action of charge current regulator 27.

Thus, during the time interval between the adjacent successive pulses coming from the heads 14 and 15 through the pulse amplifiers 22 and 23 to the installation inputs of the trigger 24, as the test object 6 rotates on the accumulator 28, a linearly increasing signal is generated, the amplitude value of which is strictly proportional to as the magnitude of the phase shift between the boundary sections of the torsion shaft 3, in which plane the diamagnetic disks 10 and 11 are located, and

45

the actual value of the braking moment created by the rotating object under study 6 for an electromechanical drive I.

As a result, a sequence of linear sawtooth pulses is formed on the capacitive accumulator 28, starting at strictly equal time intervals having equal steepness but differing in both amplitude values and durations. This sequence of pulses from accumulator 28 through terminal amplifier 29 is supplied to an additional electrode 31 of the radial deflection of the beam of the electron-beam indicator 30, as well as to the differentiating unit 35, from the output of which the converted polarized pulses are fed through the inverting amplifier 36 and the backlight mode switch 37 to the module The torus 32 of the brightness of the electron-beam indicator 30.

From the outputs of the sine-cosine potentiometric transducer 9 of the angular position, orthogonal harmonic signals are supplied to the inputs of the two matching amplifiers 39 and 40, which, after phase splitting, arrive at the balanced outputs of the amplifiers 39 and 40, respectively, on pairs of deflecting plates 33 and 34 of the electron beam indicator 30.

The influence from the balanced outputs of the matching amplifiers 39 and 40 on the deflecting plates 33 and 34 of the electron-beam indicator 30 of two orthogonal harmonic signals causing the circular component of the beam movement of the indicator is strictly in-phase with rotation of the driven end 4 of the torsion shaft 3, combined with simultaneous action on the additional electrode 31 of the electron-beam indicator 30 of a set of saw-tooth pulses, characterized by strictly fixed equal interval time spacing of their beginning and The apparent steepness of the amplitude with proportionally varying with the deviation of the shaft twist angle amplitude values and the duration of these pulses, provide for the display of the electron beam indicator 30 polar diagrams, a partial view of one of which, for the case of controlling a rotating object with a pronounced deviation of the braking torque shown in FIG. 3

The envelope G of the toothed rosette of the curve D composed starting at equal angular intervals a with the linearly increasing pulses R, Rz, -, Rn, the heights and durations of which are proportional to the values of the twist angle of the torsion shaft 3 in different phases of its rotation, reflects the pattern of uneven distribution in time and in the phases of rotation (for each revolution) of the braking moment acting from the side of the rotating object 6 under investigation (Fig. 1) on the stabilized electromechanical drive 1 of the control device va.

At the same time, the envelope G, passing through the vertices of the gear socket D formed by the device, promptly reproduces the dependence of the instantaneous value of the decelerating moment (friction torque) of the monitored node as a function of two arguments — temporal

 of the parameter (t) and phase position (a) of the rotating object under study: M,

f (a. 0To the circumstance that the movable (rotor.) part of the sine-cosine converter 9 is fixed on the same thickened

The 5 (slave) termination 4 of the torsion shaft 3, as the diamagnetic disk 10 with the ring 12, causes a stable fixation of the initial angular reference points of all polar diagrams that graphically reproduce the electron beam indicator 30 on the screen.

0 the nature of the deviation in time and in the phase of rotation of the decelerating moment applied from the side of the rotating object through the torsion shaft 3 to the stabilized electromechanical water 5.

Depending on the position of the backlight mode switch 37, coupling the differentiating unit 35 via the inverting amplifier 36 to the modulator 32 of the brightness of the electron beam indicator 30,

0, the linearly rising, having equal steepness, parts (leading edges of impulses) of the gear socket D, the radially falling parts of the teeth of this socket, can be separately underlined on the indicator diagram reproduced by the device (Fig. 3)

5e, a uniform luminescence of all elements of the serrated curve can also be ensured, the external envelope (G) of which reproduces the pattern of distribution of the braking moment (friction moment) of the object 6 under study during its rotation period.

In accordance with this, for each test case, the most optimal conditions for visual-graphic reproduction and photoreduction of indicator diagrams are provided, reflecting the quality of manufacture, degree of accuracy of alignment, balancing and surface treatment of the mating elements of the rotating mechanisms and assemblies.

The idle mode of the device operation, when the drive rotates the unloaded torsion shaft 3, is used for presetting the control system, in addition to aligning the pie chart by aligning its center with the center of the invoice radial-circular transparent scrambled device, the appropriate setting of the transmission coefficients for the voltage of the matching amplifiers 39 and 40 is made to adjust the shape of the initial (installation) diagram and to write it into the circumference of the corresponding radius on the invoice radial-circular transparent scale of the electron-beam indicator 30 (not shown).

The resolution and discreteness of reproduction by the indicator diagrams of FIG. The 3 regularities of the deviation of the value of the moment of friction for the period of rotation for the objects of different types studied can vary within wide limits by varying the angular distance between the control marks applied to both rings 12 and 13.

The device allows to increase the accuracy of alignment, balancing and final adjustment of the moving elements of rotating objects, which made it possible to significantly increase the operating life and efficiency of these objects with a significant reduction in their accidents (by 30- 35%).

Enhanced functional and operational-technical capabilities of a graphic investigation by the device of the distribution characteristics of the rotational and temporal torque of active and retarding torque of passive rotating objects can be useful at engine-building enterprises, in production associations for the production of special types of bearings, electromechanical converters. installations and other rotating objects.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for controlling angular deformations of shafts of rotating objects containing two diamagnetic disks with rings of magnetizing material fixed on the periphery to be mounted on a shaft, two magnetic heads fixedly mounted against the rings, a stabilized power supply unit, a trigger, a differentiating unit, an inverting amplifier with a straight line and inverse outputs, the input of which is connected to the output of the differentiating unit, an electron-beam indicator with a luminance modulator and horizontal plates and vertical beam deflection and two matching amplifier, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the plates of the horizontal and vertical deflection of the beam, characterized in that, in order to expand the functionality of the device for investigation of the temporal phase unevenness and deformations of the shaft with operational otobra0 five 0 five 0 five 0 five 0 By monitoring the results, it is equipped with a frequency-stabilized electromechanical drive with a power source, a torsion shaft with thickened ends, designed to be installed between the shaft of the electromechanical drive and the shaft of the rotating object under study, with two couplings mounted on the thickened ends of the torsion shaft and connected respectively, with the shafts of the drive and the object sine-cosine potentiometric transducer of the angle of rotation of the shaft mounted on a thickened eye Starting a torsion shaft facing the drive and connected by its outputs respectively to the inputs of the matching amplifiers, two pulse amplifiers with three-position playback recording switches at the input and output of each amplifier, a stabilized frequency pulse generator, an erase voltage generator, a key element whose input connected to the trigger output, a charging current regulator connected by its input with a stabilized power supply unit, a capacitive drive, whose input is There is a dinene with the outputs of the key element and a charging current regulator, a terminal amplifier whose input is connected to the output of the key element, and the output to the input of a differentiating unit, a backlight mode switch whose inputs are connected to the outputs of an inverting amplifier, and a resistive-capacitive divider whose inputs connected to the power supply unit and the general output of the backlight mode switch, respectively, and the output to the luminance modulator of the electron-beam indicator; the electron-beam indicator has an additional the radial beam deflection electrode connected to the output of the final amplifier, the moving contacts of all four recording-playback switches are mechanically interconnected, the fixed contacts of the first position of the switches at the inputs of the pulse amplifiers are connected respectively to the magnetic heads, and the switches at the outputs of the pulse amplifiers - to the trigger inputs , the fixed contacts of the second and third positions of each switch at the input of a pulse amplifier are connected respectively to a pulse m wiping generator and alternator voltage, the same contacts of each switch at the output of the pulse amplifier are interconnected and connected to the corresponding magnetic head and diamagnetic wheels are mounted on the thickened base x torsion shaft. )