SU1384764A1 - Apparatus for sinking mine shafts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mining and construction equipment, and b. it was used in mining shaft shafts, shafts and large-diameter wells in the mining and coal industry, as well as in erection of pile supports of bridges, buildings, and other structures, mainly in sub-surface rocks.

Description

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1 The invention of the invention is an increase in speed}) of the penetration of large-diameter shaft shafts. The drilling unit of the device consists of a stationary cylindrical body 6, drives 3 with drive shafts 4 and gouges 5. The latter are stirred, diametrically relative to each other and kinematically connected with those installed in case 6 with mutual overlap in terms of rock-breaking, they are tools (AT) 8. In the upper part of the housing 6 rotary expanders (.KR) 10 and 17 with cutting elements (RE) and additional drives 12 and 18 with drive shafts 13 and 19 are rotatably mounted in opposite directions against each other. chisels 15 and 21. The latter are kinematically connected with КР 10 and 17. At КР 10, the ER are marked on the outer side surface, and on КР 17 - on the inner side surface.

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The invention relates to mining and construction equipment and can be used when sinking shaft shafts, holes and large diameter wells in the mining and coal fields, as well as when conducting exploration holes and building wells for erecting bridge piers, buildings and other structures. mainly in hard rock.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of penetration of large diameter shaft shafts.

FIG. I shows a device for driving shafts, general view; in fig. 2 is a view along arrow A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is an expansion diagram for the annular gap; in fig. 4 shows a section BB in FIG. one; in fig. 5 - vernal dilator, scan; in fig. 6 - internal expander, scan.

The device for excavating the shaft consists of a frame 1, at which, at a height sufficient to accommodate the core 2 inside the frame, the main drives 3 of the drill body are diametrically opposed to the drive shafts 4 and fixed to the ends of the shafts 4 by bits 5.

On the drive shafts 4 there is a cylindrical housing 6 inside of which there is a gearbox with output shafts 7 for rock cutting tools 8, which overlap each other in plan. Above the cylindrical body b, on the bearing supports 9, an annular extender 10 is mounted with cutting eleface surfaces located on its outer side stoorone. With shafts 4, 13 and 19, the core receiver interacts with its clips. At the same time re m. B. made in the form of disk cones, the axis of rotation of which is inclined in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the CU Yu and 17. When cutting the bottom along the annular slit of PRE 8, made downwards to the sides of the bits 15 and 21 and offset in height relative to each other, protrusions are formed. To cleave these protrusions, actuators 12 and 18 are put into operation. Through the shafts 13 and 19, drilling fluid is supplied, which washes all protrusions and carries the drill bit to the bits 5. By the shafts 4

drilling mud together with the sludge is pumped out of the barrel. The helix-mounted OM gradually widens the annular gap, knocking down the projections. 1 hp ff, 6 ill.

11, an additional drive 12, a drive shaft 13, a gear 14 and a chisel 15. Above the annular expander 10 on the bearing supports 16 an annular expander 17 is mounted with an additional drive 18, a drive shaft 19, a reducer 20 and a chisel 21. The annular expander 17 is also equipped with cutting tools elements 22 located on its inner side. Cutting elements on

Both annular expanders are installed along a helical line. In the annular opening of the frame 1, the core receiver 23 passes freely, having drive and actuating mechanisms (not shown). Rock destructive elements 8 mounted on the housing 6 and

 mounted with a ledge down on either side of

additional bits 15 and 21.

 Core receiver 23 in its upper part

. equipped with power cylinders 24,

stocks which have the ability to interact with the core tangentially. To keep it from turning around the longitudinal axis, the core receiver 23 is provided with collars 25, which cooperate with drive shafts 4, 13 and 19.

5 Main 3 and additional 12 and 18 drives are mounted on frame 1. The drive shafts 4, 13 and 19 are made up of composite parts of individual links. The cutting elements 11 and 22 of the annular expanders are made in the form of circular cones of the axis of rotation, which

They are directed in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the annular expander on which they are installed. On frame 1, feeders 26 and guides are fixed to 27, and openings 28 are made in ring expanders.

The device for driving the shafts works as follows.

In the initial position above the estuary, frame 1 is mounted with the main and additional drives, feeders 26, guided (qimi 27.

The main drives 3 are turned on, which drive the shafts 4 and the output shafts 7 of the gearbox located in the housing 6. From the output shafts 7, the rotation is transmitted to the rock bending tools 8. The feeder 26 feeds to the face of the housing 6, creates sufficient and adjustable axial the effort for the effective operation of all rock cutting tools and bits, drilling out the bottom hole along the annular gap. Since the rock-breaking tools 8 are displaced in height relative to each other, a stepped bottom is formed at the annular gap. Each of the rock cutting tools 8 rotates the opposite side relative to a standing rock cutting tool. The cylindrical body of the drill body does not rotate relative to its longitudinal axis and stabilizes due to rotation of the rock-cutting tools 8 in opposite directions. After forming an annular gap, the length of the drive shaft link is equal to the length of the guide 27 of the feeder 26, the drives are disconnected from the drive shafts and lifted 27 to the starting position. Then insert new links into all drive shafts and continue drilling.

To break the protrusions on the wall of the trunk and core 2, additional drives 12 and 18 are connected to the drive shafts 13 and 19 kinematically through gears 14 and 20 associated with extender rings. The shafts 13 and 19 also feed the drilling fluid, which washes all the steps of the stepped annular bottom and brings the drilling fines down to the chisels of the 5 main drive shafts 4. By the drive shafts 4, the drilling fluid together with the drill hole is pumped out of the barrel.

The ring beaters 10 and 17 rotate in opposite directions, which contributes to a more uniform operation of the device. The cutting elements II and 22 of the annular expanders, arranged along a helical line, gradually widen the annular gap, knocking down rocky protrusions. To this end, the overhang of the cutting elements is gradually increased towards the top of the expander. Worn out cutting elements are replaced through openings 28. Formed during rock-cutting with a protrusion

on the core and the wall of the trunk, the destroyed Node falls into the annular slot, gets to the bottom, and from there is carried by the mud to the surface. A core 2 is gradually formed above the annular expander 17. As soon as the height of the projection above the annular core expanders is sufficient, without stopping the core drilling, the individual receiver 23 is lowered by means of an individual drive mechanism

include its actuator, which receives energy via a cable from the surface. By means of an actuator, the core is separated from the rock mass, for example, by cutting. After a frequent

With a partial core trimming, it is finally separated from the rock mass by cutting.

The separation of the core is made by twisting it around the longitudinal axis. The cylinders 24 are included in the work. After the separation of the core 2 0 from the rock mass, the actuator is not retracted to its initial position, the core is raised to the surface. In the process of lifting, the core is assorted in the core receiver.

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Claims (2)

1. A device for excavating shafts, including a drill body consisting of a fixed cylindrical body, drives with drive shafts and bits, located diametrically relative to each other and kinematically connected with rock-breaking tools, and core receiver, characterized in that in order to increase the penetration rate 5 large-diameter shafts, it is equipped with two annular expanders with cutting elements and additional drives with drive shafts and chisels kinematically connected with an extender ring, while rock-cutting tools are installed in the housing with mutual overlap in plan and ledge down to both sides of the additional bits, ring expanders are placed one below the other at the top 5 of the housing can be rotated in opposite directions, with the cutting elements being placed along a helix and on one extender and an outer side surface, and on the other on an inner side surface. 0 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting elements are made in the form of disk cones, the axis of rotation of which is installed with a slope in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the expansion bodies. 13 Fig / Stand on the wall of the trunk 3 FIG. -Yu