SU1380879A1 - Apparatus for simulating power loads on spindle assembly of machine tool - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to a machine tool industry and can be used, in particular, to test the spindle assemblies of metal cuts of machine tools for reliability and durability by simulating the component cutting forces R.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of cutting force modeling by ensuring stability of the installed loads and compensation for manufacturing inaccuracies.

Figure 1 presents the device, obptsgy view; in FIG. 2, node I in FIG. G, 15 On fng. S is a device, top view in FIG. 4, a device cxcbia before loads are applied, V11D from above; FIG. 5 is the same, after the load J has been applied; FIG. 6 is the same, front view; in fig. 7 - ycTpoi ic j BO with parallel placement of the axes) olik, psht front; in FIG. 8 - that., e, top view, on 1}) ig.9 - the scheme yc cpoi icTBa, shown in 4 ig.7, in FIG. 10 - the same, to chri: 1o; ke needles,,.;. I, above; nl (lb.and - the same,; gss.G1S t is an attachment ok,

Us G1 operties (includes shaft 1, one, ohm meter, 1 2 and 3 joining-lieiniHii k. 1, and mandrel A, za-P and the hielle tested in lg:, K;} with: 1ti} cho; shaft end

.rx: -:: idvg. The gear mufgu 6 s-mi C i-opN o: ini.Ft.i mechanism 7, which can be performed by any kind of extrusion, for example, in the form of an electric-powder brake. Coupling 6 consists of two coupling halves 8 and 9 interconnected by a clip 10. Due to the gear connection

with the yoke, the coupling compensates for the axial, radial, and angular displacements of the coupled ew shafts. G-y / ft and other types may be used. Between Hpatz

2 and a coupling 6 on the shaft 1 are installed a rolling support 11 with a cylindrical body 12, designed to receive and transfer axial and radial loads to the spindle. A double radial thrust bearing can be used as a support 11. Body 12 supports fixed

from twisting the stopper 13.

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A longitudinal table 16 is shown, carrying a rotary plate 17 for contacting the body 12 of the support 11. The plate 17 is mounted on the bracket 18 of the table 16 by means of hinged axes 19. The location of the latter, and hence the plane of rotation of the plate, is determined by the direction of the radial load axis 19 must coincide with the direction of the load, or be perpendicular to it. The mechanism 15 is, by itself, movable from a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) transverse table 20, carrying a contact stop 21.

Rollers 22 are mounted in housing 12 on the side facing the contact plate 17 of mechanism 14. The latter are mounted on axles 23 by means of hinge bearings 24. Axes 23 are located in a plane perpendicular to the spindle axis, lie on one geometrical axis, perpendicular The axes of the mechanism 14 are either spaced apart on the diameter of the body coinciding with the axis of the mechanism 15. In this case, they are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axes of the mechanism 15. The axes 23 are placed in the body 12 in such a way that there is a gap I provide free rotation of the roller on the axis. Instruments indicating axial, radial loads and torque, for example strain gauges, FIG. not shown.

Depending on the type (milling, boring, drilling, etc.) and the cutting mode, determine the necessary numerical values of the component cutting forces that are used to set the corresponding spindle loads (the number and nature of the components vary by type node).

The operation of the device is shown by the example of loading the test unit with three components, P,, P, for example, as is the case when simulating face milling on a test bench.

When the drive of the tested spindle unit 5 is turned on, the rotation of the spindle through the mandrel 4, the shaft 1, the clutch. The device also includes a mechanism that 6 is transmitted to the brake 7, which

14 to create an axial load and a mechanism 15 for creating a radial load. Mechanism 14 is movable from hydrocylindrum (not

produces loading of the spindle with a torque transmitted along the same chain in the reverse order to the spindle. The magnitude of this moment in0

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A longitudinal table 16 is shown, carrying a rotary plate 17 for contact with the body 12 of the support 11. The plate 17 is mounted on the bracket 18 of the table 16 by means of hinged axes 19. The location of the latter, and hence the plane of rotation of the plate, is determined by the direction of the radial load axis 19 must coincide with the direction of the load, or be perpendicular to it. The mechanism 15 is, of itself, movable from a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) transverse table 20 carrying a contact stop 21.

Rollers 22 are mounted in the housing 12 on the side facing the contact plate 17 of the mechanism 14. The latter are mounted on axles 23 by means of hinge bearings 24. The axes 23 are located in a plane perpendicular to the spindle axis, lie on one geometrical axis, perpendicular to the axis mechanism 14, or spaced apart on the diameter of the housing coinciding with the axis of the mechanism 15. In this case, they are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis of the mechanism 15. The axes 23 are placed in the housing 12 in such a way that there is a gap in the housing and forming the roller, providing free rotation of the roller on the axis. Instruments indicating axial, radial loads and torque, for example strain gauges, FIG. not shown.

Depending on the type (milling, boring, drilling, etc.) and the cutting mode, determine the necessary numerical values of the component cutting forces that are used to set the corresponding spindle loads (the number and nature of the components vary by type node).

The operation of the device is shown on the process of loading the test unit with three components, P, P, for example, as is the case when simulating face milling on a test bench.

When the drive of the tested spindle unit 5 is turned on, the rotation of the spindle through the mandrel 4, the shaft 1, the clutch 6 is transmitted to the brake 7, which

produces loading of the spindle with a torque transmitted along the same chain in the reverse order to the spindle. The magnitude of this moment is indicated by a strain gauge mounted on the brake.

The required axial load is created by moving the longitudinal table 16 and through the bracket 18, the plate 17, the rollers 22, the housing 12, the support 11, the shaft 1, the mandrel 4 is applied to the spindle of the node 5. The axes of the spindle, shaft 1 and the brake are on one - my 0-0. Then, by moving the transverse table 20 through the contact stop 21 to the support 11, a radial load is applied, under the action of which the shaft. is deformed, i.e. its axis deviates from a certain angle relative to the initial position 0-0 ,. At the same angle, the axis of the housing 12 moves. In this case, the plane of its end face facing the plate 17 of the mechanism 14 is deflected at the same angle relative to the plate.

At the indicated displacement of the body 12 relative to the plate 17, the rollers 22, rotating on axes 23, roll over the plate 17 until their geometric axis is moved by an amount a dependent on the radial load. The plate 17, under the action of an axial load, is pressed against the generator surface of the rollers. The axial force from the plate 17 to the support 11 is transmitted through the rollers 22 and their axes 23, fixed in the housing 12.

Rolling the rollers 22 allows the body 12 to move freely when displaced with the shaft 1 relative to the plate 17. The resistance to movement of the body 12 relative to the plate 17 (contact friction force) is insignificant and may not be taken into account.

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When axes 23 are parallel to each other, and the axis of rotation of the plate 17 is perpendicular to the radial load, the housing 12 is displaced and deflected from the plate 17 by a certain angle followed by the rotation of the latter by the same angle by the axial load, which presses the plate to form the surface m rollers 22.

The operation of the coupling 6 and the removal of the loads from the spindle at the end of the prescribed period is carried out in a known manner. In this case, the housing 12 with the shaft 1, when the radial load is removed, returns to its original position due to the elastic deformation of the shaft. . The elimination of stresses arising from loads due to technological inaccuracies in the contact area, deviation of axes 23 from the common geometrical axis (), or parallelism of the contact surface of the plate 17 and forming surfaces of the rollers 22 is provided by mounting the rollers 22 on the hinge bearings 24 and making the plate 17 rotary around the axes 19, the location of which coincides with the direction of the radial load, or perpendicular to it. This makes it possible to avoid additional specific pressures, the occurrence of which is caused by the specified manufacturing errors, since the rollers mounted on the hinge bearings take the rolling position, i.e. eliminate the likelihood of point contacts. The pressure of the plate 17 on the support 11 is evenly distributed over the forming rollers. This is facilitated by the rotation of the plate 17, i.e. contact retention by generatrix.

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Claims (5)

1. DEVICE FOR SIMULATING POWER LOADS ON THE SPINDLE ASSEMBLY OF THE MACHINE, comprising a shaft connected to the shaft through a movable coupling a brake mechanism for loading the spindle with torque, mechanisms for creating axial and radial loads, designed to absorb the indicated loads of the support unit, characterized in that , in order to improve the accuracy of modeling the cutting force, the support unit for the perception of axial and radial loads is made in the form of a double-row angular contact bearing located in the housing and is equipped with mounted on the housing from the axial load application side of the rolling elements, made self-aligning and designed to interact with the plate connected to the axial load mechanism, mounted with the possibility of rotation, and the rolling elements are placed so that the axis of rotation are located in a plane perpendicular spindle axis. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the rolling elements are arranged so that their rotation axes lie on a geometric axis perpendicular to the axis of the radial load mechanism, and the plate is mounted to rotate about an axis coinciding with the axis radial load mechanism. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rolling elements are arranged so that the axis of their rotation are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis of the radial load mechanism, while the plate is mounted to rotate about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the radial load mechanism. 4, The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with bearings pivotally mounted on the housing, on which rolling elements, which are rollers, are mounted. 5. The device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is equipped with axles fixed to the axial load mechanism for mounting the plate. S and. „„ 1380879