SU1374026A1 - Heat tube - Google Patents

Abstract

Invention m. used to convert solar energy into heat and improves the reliability of the pipe when used as a heat flow of solar energy. The dosing condensate boron 3 and the steam-breeder (PP 4 communicates with the evaporator (I) 1. Condenser 5 with heat exchanger 6 is equipped with a drain tank 7 communicated with PP 4 and a condensate duct. and preventing the liquid film from stripping from the surface 2 by the flow of steam. With a sharp decrease in the intensity of solar radiation, the amount of the liquid evaporated in And 1 decreases, resulting in a decrease in the rate of vapor flow in PP 4. Heat pump The carrier through PP 4 merges into the I, filling its volume completely.With a sharp increase in the intensity of solar radiation, the heat pipe starts up normally and reliably, ensuring reliable operation of the photocelements 12. 1 hp, f-ly, 8 ill. about

Description

00

The invention relates to solar technology and can be used to convert solar energy into heat.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of operation when using solar energy as a heat flux.

Figure 1 shows a heat pipe, a general view; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1 (on an enlarged scale); on fig.Z - section BB in fig.L; Fig. 4 shows an evaporator and a baffle with openings, a longitudinal section; on fig.Z - section bb In figure 4; figure 6 - evaporator with a flat partition, a longitudinal section; figure 7 - section GG in figure 6; on fig.Z - node I in figure 1.

The heat pipe contains the evaporator 1 with the absorbing surface 2, communicated with the evaporator 1, the metering condensate line 3 and the steam line 4 and the condenser 5 with the heat exchanger 6. The condenser 5 is equipped with a drain tank 7 connected to the steam line 4 and the condensate line 3, and the evaporator 1 is a partition wall 8 s holes 9, placed along the absorbing surface 2. The partition 8 has a semi-cylindrical or flat shape (Fig.4-7). The metering condensate line 3 can be made, for example, in the form of a capillary or with a tip 10 of a predetermined cross section. Other known variants of the design of the metering condensate conduit 3 are also possible (clamping, placement of a capillary-porous insert, etc.). In this case, the condensate wire 3 is bent toward the absorbing surface 2 of the evaporator 1. The partition 8 has windows 11. The partition elements 8 are fastened to one another to give the latter sufficient rigidity. On the absorbing surface 2 of the evaporator 1 there are photo cells 12. In the non-working period, the volume of the evaporator 1 is completely filled with coolant J 3.

Heat pipe works as follows.

When solar energy is supplied to the photovoltaic cells, the latter transform it into electrical energy. The main part of the energy is transferred to the evaporator 1, which at the time of start-up of the pipe is completely filled with heat-transfer fluid 13. Heat-transfer fluid 13 evaporates in the evaporator 1, the steam through the steam-flow 4 enters the tank 7, and from it to the condenser 5. From the condenser 5, and also heat is transferred from the upper wall of the container 7 to the heated medium.

(water or air} pumped through the heat exchanger - 6, and the condensate flows and accumulates in the tank 7. Since the cross-sectional area f of the steam pipe 4 is matched

to the ratio

f 4

C Pack

2 ghr,

where G is the volumetric steam consumption; 20 TP steam density;

g is the acceleration of the force of gravity; h - the height of the liquid column in

condensate collector; liquid density, 25 then the steam flow in the steam line 4 prevents the coolant from returning through the steam line 4 to the evaporator 1. After some time, the main part of the coolant 13 concentrates in the tank 7. The minimum cross-sectional area of the steam line is determined by the absence of capillary locking by the steam line coolant upon termination of the transfer

heat

In the evaporator 1, there is only a heat transfer film flowing over the surface 2 of the evaporator 1. The heat transfer film is formed using the metering condensate line 3 with the tip 10 and under the action of the weight of the heat carrier column h and the heat carrier column in the metering condensate line 3 the calculated the amount of coolant is supplied to the evaporator 1, ensuring reliable cooling of the photocells 12. A liquid stream from the surface 2 is vaporized by a stream of steam that prevents the longitudinal partition 8 with windows 11. At the same time, individual steam The flows from the surface 2 pass through the windows 11, merge with the common vapor flow moving in the direction of the steam conductor 4, do not interact with the oppositely moving (descending) film of liquid.

In order to more reliably prevent the interaction of the upward flow of steam with the flowing film of liquid, the partition 8 has been proposed to be in the form of a perforated half cylinder with openings 9 or a perforated plate (Fig.4-7).

With a sharp decrease in the intensity of solar radiation in the daytime (defocusing, cloudiness, etc.), as well as in the evening, the amount of liquid evaporated in the evaporator 1 decreases, resulting in a decrease in the rate of flow of steam in the steam line 4. The coolant 13 is quickly drained through steam line 4 to the evaporator 1, completely filling its volume. With a sharp increase in the intensity of solar radiation (focusing, the disappearance of clouds, etc.) a normal and reliable start of the heat pipe is performed,

A-f (

Claims (2)

1. A heat pipe containing an evaporator with an absorbing surface, a metering condensation line and a steam line connected to it, and a condenser with a heat exchanger, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability when using solar energy as a heat flow, the condenser is equipped with a drain capacity in communication with the steam line and the condensate line, and the evaporator - with a wall with openings placed along the absorbing surface. 2. Pipe pop. 1, which differs from the fact that the partition has a semi-cylindrical shape. flL Fi.Z rL. , / / 2 X -eight / J -13 in-in / g / 6 FIG. Yr Fi & .v