SU1369A1 - Timed electrical switch - Google Patents

Description

The present invention is a switch acting so that the circuit closed by it remains closed after the moment of closure for only a certain period of time. Such instruments, based on the principle of the hourglass, are already known, but have not become popular due to the complexity of the design. The proposed switch is aimed at the simplicity of the device; it is also built on the principle of an hourglass (the term “sand” should be understood here, in the most general sense, as the role that sand plays in an hourglass can be performed by any loose or liquid conducting body in the proposed device).

The principle of the time delay switch device is as follows:

The liquid (or loose) conductor is poured (or poured) from one of the vessels constituting the hourglass into the other and closes the electrical circuit due to the fact that it simultaneously touches two electrodes sunk into the hourglass (or otherwise ). Electrodes

so located that the circuit is closed only during the transfusion, when the transfusion ends, the circuit is again open. Thus, the closing period of the circuit is determined by the time that the conductor spends moving from one vessel to another.

In the drawing of FIG. - 1 represents one of the possible structures of the closure, and FIG. 2-4-modified.

FIG. 1 shows an hourglass consisting of two vessels (for example, glass) 1 and 2, connected by a neck 3. In one way or another, for example, using the ring B, the vessels are connected to axis 7 so that by means of the handle 8 you can rotate the “hourglass entirely around the axis. FIG. Figure 1 shows the moment when turning the handle 8. The vessel 1 is moved from the lower position to the upper position. Conducting liquid (for example, mercury) in an hourglass begins to flow from vessel 1 into vessel 2. As mercury flows into the neck 5, it forms a contact between wires 4 and o, sunk into the neck. Electrodes 4 and o are introduced into the device

circuit or directly, or, as shown in FIG. 1, through a switch, 9, arranged, for example, on the similarity of an ordinary switch. The purpose of this additional switch is to only close the current when the hourglass is in a vertical position.

In order to close the current using the described device, it is necessary to turn the handle 8 so that the vessel in which mercury is present is at the top. The current will be closed until the total mercury transfer to the lower vessel. Then the circuit is disconnected and remains off until the hourglass is rotated 180 ° again.

Electrodes should not necessarily be in the neck. Must be located. place them in such a way that mercury makes contact between them only when it is poured from the upper to the lower vessel. (See, for example, in Fig. 3 the location of the electrodes 4 and 5, taken out of the neck 3 into the vessels J and 2 and connected in pairs together). You can also make a special expansion of the neck 10 (Fig. 2).

If air is not exhausted from the hourglass, then measures must be taken to ensure that the gas in them is. introduced, for example, to reduce sparking, did not interfere with the flow of mercury. For this purpose, special AND tubes can serve (Fig. 1). It is also possible to arrange a neck of a special shape (Fig. 4), while mercury cannot occupy the entire cross section of the neck, since it does not wet the glass and, therefore, gas passages remain in corners 12 and 12.

In all the described structures, the time during which the switch closes the circuit is determined by the time that the moving conductive body, located in the hourglass, spends on moving from one vessel to another. This time depends, firstly, on the amount of liquid (or bulk), secondly, on the diameter of the opening connecting both vessels.

and the length of the neck 3 (i.e., from the friction experienced by the fluid when moving from one vessel to another), and thirdly, from the height of the liquid column (or loose body) in the upper vessel (i.e., from the force that causes fluid in motion) and, in the fourth, from the pressure of the gas in both vessels and the speed of its equalization (i.e., from the cross section of the equalizing pipes for an hourglass filled with gas).

To make the closure period large enough, without increasing the volume of the switch, you can use narrow equalizing pipes or a narrow neck 5, bending it (to make the path of the liquid as long as possible), and the height of the liquid column in the upper vessel as small as possible. The latter can be done, for example, by positioning the “hourglass not vertically, but obliquely. It is also possible for the same switch to change the closing period in various ways by orienting the switch relative to the vertical. Outside the switch it is convenient to make marks, the benefit of which is to position the switch so that different closing periods are obtained.

SUBJECT OF THE PATENT.

1.Electrical switch with a time delay, such as an hourglass, characterized by the cumulative use of: a) the switch 9 included in the switch case, turning on the switch to the circuit only when the bulb 1–-2 and b are vertical; 3 bulb 1-2 and connected to the movable contacts of the switch 9 (figure 1).

2. The change of switch described in paragraph 1, characterized in that the cheek 3 is provided with a special extension U (Fig. 2).

3. Variation of the switch described in paragraph 1. characterized in that the conductors 4,. taken out of the neck 5 in the expansion I and 2 flasks (Fig. 3).

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