SU1359404A1 - Arrangement for controlling water duty of soil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: irrigated agriculture. The purpose of the invention is to automatically control the water regime of the soil by collecting excess moisture during the rainy period and returning it to the soil during the dry season. The device contains drainage pipes 1, laid in the channels 2. The pipes 1 are connected in parallel, and their common outlet 5 with a flexible hose 6 is connected to the bottom. part of the accumulator / N / 7. N 7 is made in the form of a conical capacity of variable form, mounted on springs 8 in a waterproof case 9 and provided with an evaporator 10. A waste pipe 11 is connected to the upper part H 7. In the overlap 12, there is a hole for free passage of the rod 13 of the evaporator 10 rigidly connected to H 7. The springs 8 are mounted on a platform, which changes its position relative to the bottom of the body 9 by means of adjusting bolts. Boda enters channel 2, passes through filter 3, penetrates pipe 1, and from there into H 7. H 7 under the influence of water on the springs 8 drops below, the water level becomes lower than the level of pipes 1 and a new portion of water flows into H 7. ; B dry period is the reverse process. 3 h; n. F-ly, 13 W1. (L / f at // JV, ul 1 III 1 2 f 3 IS W P V if, / K Y /. 1q..a J ..:.

Description

The invention relates to irrigated agriculture and can be used on open plots of land (for example, horticultural cooperatives-BOB), which do not require additional energy to control soil moisture.

The purpose of the invention is to automatically control the water regime of the soil by collecting excess moisture during the rainy period and returning it to the soil during the dry season.

Figure 1 shows the drainage-irrigation system, general view; figure 2 shows a storage unit (collecting and feeding capacity); fig.3 — springs (attachment unit); figure 4 - evaporator; figure 5-8 - adjusting

drainage-irrigation system operations- 20. pyramidal form of accumulator 7

we (on fig.Z - adjustment of the installation depth of drainage pipes; on figure 6 - adjustment of the inclination of the drain pipes; on figure 7 - adjustment of the water level in the accumulator with an empty evaporator; on figure 8 - adjustment of the water level in the accumulator with the filled water evaporator); Figures 9-12 show the layouts of the main elements of the device for controlling the soil water regime under various operating modes (Figure 9 shows the initial position of the drainage and irrigation system; figure 10 shows the drainage mode; figure 11 shows the irrigation mode; 12 shows the operation of the device during the period of rain until the soil is saturated with moisture); FIG. 13 is a diagram for combining the operation of a drainage and irrigation system with a water supply device from a supply line. .

A device for controlling the water regime of the soil contains drainage pipes 1 (Fig. 1), laid in channels 2 (for example, in the furrows between the ct dna of Fig. 2 shows a storage device 7 with a variable angle of taper. At the opposite two walls, there is an accumulator 7 on pins 19 turns

25, a movable partition 20 in contact with the air chamber 21. The position of the partition 20 is fixed by a locking device 22. Changing the position of the partition 20 changes

30 weight of water layer of a given thickness.

The springs 8 (FIG. 3) are mounted on the platform 23, which changes its position relative to the bottom of the housing 9 by means of an adjusting bolt

3 & l2A. The evaporator 10 is adapted to change its volume, i.e. with the possibility of changing the volume of water placed in it

40 for evaporation. Figure 4 shows an evaporator 10 in which a drain slit 25 is made in the wall of its body, and the volume of water 26 in the evaporator hangs from the position of the stopper 27

kami), filled with filter 3, for example, 45 attached to the wall through the i28 gasket with the help of a bolt 29.

with straw and covered above by soil 4.

Drainage pipes I (only one pipe is shown in FIG. 1) are connected in parallel, and their common outlet 5 with flexible hose 6 is connected to the bottom of accumulator 7, mounted on springs 8 in waterproof case 9 and equipped with an evaporator

10. To the upper part of the accumulator 7 sub-55 water in the accumulator 7. Adjustment

Discharge tube 11 is connected. A cover 12 is installed above the case 9 to prevent precipitation from entering the accumulator 7. The opening 12 is provided in overlap 12 for free passage of the rod 13 of the evaporator 10 rigidly connected to the accumulator 7. The drainage pipes .1 and the case 9 are provided with test platforms 14 -17.

In order that the water level 18 when it enters the accumulator 7 from the drainage pipes 1 remains at a given level relative to the surface of the soil 4, it is necessary to observe the equilibrium condition between the elasticity of the springs and the weight of the accumulator 7. But the elasticity of the springs 8 as they compress increases and therefore it is necessary that the weight of the accumulator 7 increases in accordance with this elasticity. This equilibrium provides a conical

Figure 2 shows the drive 7 with a variable angle of taper. At the two opposite walls of the accumulator 7, the pins 19 rotates

movable partition 20 in contact with the air chamber 21. The position of the partition 20 is fixed by a locking device 22. Changing the position of the partition 20 changes

weight of water layer of a given thickness.

The springs 8 (FIG. 3) are mounted on the platform 23, which changes its position relative to the bottom of the housing 9 by means of adjusting bolts

2A, the evaporator 10 is adapted to change its volume, i.e. with the possibility of changing the volume of water placed in it

for evaporation. Fig. 4 shows an evaporator 10 in which a drain slit 25 is made in the wall of its body, and the volume of water 26 in the evaporator depends on the position of the restrictor 27,

45 attached to the wall through the i28 gasket with a bolt 29.

In order to properly operate the device for controlling the water regime of the soil, the depth of the drainage pipes 1 and the water-proof housing is immersed in the soil. SA 9, as well as the adjustment of the level of the laying of drainage pipes 1 and

produced using platforms 14-17 and an appropriate tool for determining relative levels, for example with the help of two gauges31

glass tubes 30 connected by a flexible hose 31 (FIG. 5).

Fig, 5 shows the relative position of the control sites 15 and

17 by adjusting the depth of placement of the drainage pipe 1 relative to the housing 9. The adjustment is carried out as follows. Pin 32 of one of the measuring tubes 30 is inserted

into the ground before contact with the platform 17, and the pin of the second measuring tube, before contact with the platform 15 and according to the water level in the measuring tubes 30, the accuracy of matching the levels of the platforms 15 and 17 is judged.

Similarly, the adjustment of the drainage pipe laying levels, the water levels 18 and the sites 16 (Figures 6 and 7) is carried out.

Drainage pipes 1 should be laid with a slope of about (1-3, depending on the length and diameter of the pipe (Fig.6).

When adjusting the levels, it is necessary that the water level 18 in the accumulator 7 always remains constant, regardless of the amount of water in the accumulator (Figs. 7 and 8). Then two water levels are adjusted.

18in the accumulator 7, adjustment with an empty evaporator 10 and adjustment with an evaporator filled with water.

Adjustment with an empty evaporator is performed as follows. Any amount of water 18 is poured into the accumulator 7. With the help of adjusting bolts 24, the water level 18 in the accumulator 7 is set at one mark with the level of the control platform 16, and any amount of water is poured into the accumulator 7 (Fig.7 and 8). At the same time, the water level 18 in the accumulator should remain at the same elevation. In the case of the departure of the water level 18 from the predetermined mark, the adjustment npo-t is worn out by changing the shape of the accumulator 7 with the help of movable walls 20 (Fig. 2 and -8).

Adjustment with a full evaporator is made by selecting the volume of the evaporator 10 by means of the slider movement of the stopper 27 (Fig. 8). The volume of water 26 in the evaporator 10 must be such that the weight of water 26 creates such additional pressure on the springs 8, at which the accumulator 7 drops to the value at which the level

594044

water in it will be 5-10 mm below the drainage pipe 1.

Water Control Device

j-soil mode works as follows.

In the initial position of the device, the drive 7 is empty, there is no water in the evaporator 10, while the drive 7

1Q together with the evaporator 10 under the action of the springs 8 is in its extreme upper position (Fig. 9).

The mode of collection of excess moisture from the soil (Fig. 10). ; When it rains, the open evaporator 10 is filled with water 26, as a result of which the accumulator 7 is lowered. If the soil gets wet with moisture, then the excess water enters channel 2 (FIG. 1), passes through

2Q filter 3 and through the pores penetrates into

the drain pipe 1, and from there to the accumulator 7. When water enters the accumulator 7, the latter increases its weight and on the springs 8 descends

25 below, while the water level in the tank becomes lower than the level of the drainage pipes and a new portion of water enters the tank. Thus, the accumulator 7 can be completely filled. If the water in the accumulator 7 enters more than the calculated one, then the surplus will be diverted through pipe 11 to another reserve tank (not shown in figure 1) or to be discharged into natural reservoirs (rivers, lakes). Soil irrigation regime (Fig. 11). During the dry period, water 26 from the evaporator 10 volatilizes, the weight of accumulator 7 decreases, water rises

40 upwards and the water level 18 in the accumulator will be above the bottom of the drainage pipe 1. As a result, the water from accumulator 7 will go to the drainage pipes 1, of which

45 of the Filter 3 will fall into the channel 2, and from there it will be absorbed by the string into the sub-root region of the plants (Fig. 1). As the plants absorb moisture from the soil, new portions of water from the storage unit 7 are fed by gravity from the soil into the drainage pipes 1.

- If it rains during the irrigation period, the evaporator 10 is filled with water 26, as a result of which the accumulator 7 is lowered by springs C, the level of water 18 in it is lowered, the water supply to the drainage pipes 1 is reduced, and then completely stopped.

Water Control Device

 soil regime in the dry period

35

It is used as an irrigation system, water supply to which will be produced from supply line 33 (Fig. 13) using an automatic batching device, for example, using a device containing a rocker 34, at the ends of which an evaporator 35 and control weight 36 are placed, One of the arms of the rocker arm is kinematically connected to the locking member 37 and the retainer 38, functionally connected to the base 39 of the rocker arm 34, and the outlet pipe 40 is hydraulically connected to the evaporator 35 by means of a tube 41. The water in the accumulator 7 operates on the basis of the imbalance of the rocker arm 34 from the evaporation of water from the evaporator 35 with the valve closed 37 closed and filled with water with the valve 37 open.

Claims (4)

Claim 1. A device for controlling the water regime of the soil, including a reservoir installed on the supply pipe, equipped with an evaporator and connected to a network of underground pipes five Forged tubes, characterized in that, in order to automatically regulate the water permalgamation of the soil by collecting excess moisture during the rainy season and returning it to the soil during the dry period, the drive is placed in a waterproof closed case and ycTaHOBnek in it on the springs, while the drive is provided with a drain trubkoy, and evaporator set-. inserted on a rod rigidly connected to a drive. 2. The device according to claim 1, about tl, which is so that, in order to increase the reliability of operation, the drive is made in the form of a conical capacity of a variable form. 3. The device according to claim 1, about the t of which is, in order to control the amount of water supplied to the perforated tubes from the reservoir for wetting the soil, the springs are mounted on a platform equipped with a device for changing its height relative to the bottom enclosures. 4. Device POP.1, which is tlicit by the fact that the evaporator is adapted to change 0 volume. 0 qjus-Z L / FIG. 3 ten Gz . L with about “A  27 I .23 "/ thirty | / vv / y. 14 J / rs / 32 fff ff f f ffr f / xxy I I X77 A / gsue 7 jff .3 fie.yu ; / fS  6f: with one/ ////// {/ x CpuslZ Editor A.Revin Compiled by O. Krylova Tehred I. Veres Proofreader V. But ha Order 6123/31 Circulation 607 Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4