SU1353589A1 - Method and apparatus for magnetically controlled electric arc welding - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used in electric arc welding both with short-circuit arc and without it. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the weld, reducing the consumption of metal and electricity. For this, an arc gap and a drop of molten metal are affected by a traveling pulsating transverse field created by a high-frequency multiphase inductor excited from a special source. In an operation without a short circuit, a drop of a certain mass is formed at the end of the electrode and, based on the readout of electricity for its formation, the welding circuit includes a high-frequency power source. Interaction of the high-frequency go field with the current induced in the droplet, separation and transfer of the droplet into the weld pool takes place. In the short circuit mode, the welding control circuit includes a high-frequency source and the traveling field created by it, will act on the metal drop and accelerate Its transition to the weld pool and the neck of the droplet, which saves metal and electricity, is used in the first course. The device for implementing the method comprises a welding current source, two amplitude selectors, a multiplier, an integrator, a key, a high-frequency multi-phase source and an inductor. A device for implementing this method in welding mode with a short-circuit arc gap contains a source of welding current, a quick selector, a key, a multi-phase high-frequency source and an inductor, 2 s, and 1 hp. f-ly, 2 ill. th U cd from 00

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in gas shielded arc welding.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the weld by reducing the spatter of the electrode metal and improving the transfer conditions of the molten metal.

FIG. I is a diagram of the device for implementing the method of electric arc welding without short circuits of the arc gap; Figure 2 is the same, but when welding with arc short-circuits.

To implement the fusion welding method, it is necessary to have a welding power source, a welding torch, a welded product, a high-frequency multi-phase power source made in the form of a multi-stable multivibrator or counter, a multi-phase high-frequency inductor representing a multi-phase coaxial linear asynchronous motor and a control circuit of this device.

The use of a high-frequency traveling multiphase magnetic field is advisable for different parameters of the welding process, namely, when welding without short circuits of the arc gap with a drop of molten metal, and when welding with short circuits.

In the mode of operation without a short delay. weaving method of welding is

that during the time due to the welding mode, a drop of a certain mass is formed at the end of the electrode, and the control circuit, based on the count of consumed electric power, includes a high-frequency power source, and the high-frequency magnetic field created by the inductor interacts with the current induced in the drop, tears off her from the electrode. This allows directional and dosed transfer of the electrode metal, increase labor productivity, and improve the quality of the weld.

In the short-circuit mode, the welding method consists in the fact that, when the arcing gap drops shortly, the control circuit includes a high-frequency

The inductor's power supply, and the high-frequency traveling magnetic field created by it, influences a metal drop, accelerates the process of its transition to the weld pool and breaks the neck of the drop, which saves energy, reduces metal spatter losses, and improves the quality of the weld.

The method of electric arc welding ds of various modes is carried out as follows. Electric arc fusion welding with drop transfer of electrode metal without short circuits of the arc gap.

A device for implementing the fusion welding method (FIG.) Contains a source of welding current 1, a mouthpiece 2, a shunt 3, an additional resistor 4, a multiplier 5, an integrator 6, an amplitude selector 7, a key 8, a high-frequency multi-phase power source 9, a multi-phase high-frequency inductor 10 and amplitude selector 11.

The welding method is as follows.

During the time due to the welding mode, a drop of a certain mass forms at the end of the electrode and the weld pool melts.

The shunt 3 and the additional resistor 4 are removed signals proportional to the current and voltage of the arc, respectively. They arrive respectively at the first and second inputs of the multiplier 5, at the output of which a signal appears that is proportional to the instantaneous power distributed in the arc gap. This signal is fed to the input of the integrator 6, which forms a signal proportional to the electric power consumption over a specified time. From the integrator output, the signal passes to the first input of the amplitude selector 7, where it is compared with the signal that determines the amount of electrical energy consumption for the formation of one drop and arriving at the second

the input of the amplitude selector 7, When the signals are equal, the amplitude selector 7 sends a signal to the input of the key 8, which is set to position I and turns on a high-frequency multi31

phase power supply 9 for inductor 10.

When high-frequency power pulses arrive at the windings of a multi-phase high-frequency inductor in a certain order, a high-frequency traveling magnesium field is created along the inner surface of the inductor. In a drop of an electrode metal, as in a short-circuited turn, an induced current from the axial component of the magnetic field arises. As a result of the interaction of this current with the radial component of the magnetic field, an axial force acts on the droplet, which separates it from the end of the electrode. A drop of electrode metal under the action of electromagnetic force falls into the weld pool.

After the drop is removed, the voltage across the arc increases with increasing arc length. The signal, proportional to voltage, arrives at the first input of the amplitude selector I1, where it is compared with the voltage value specified by the welding mode. When the arc voltage is exceeded, the amplitude selector i1 generates a signal arriving at the second input of the key 8 and sets it to the O position. The high-frequency power source is turned off before the next drop is formed.

The implementation of this method provides an increase in productivity, allows you to adjust the size of the droplets of the electrode metal, promotes their metered and directional transfer, improving the quality of the weld.

2. Electric arc fusion welding with short circuits of the arc gap.

For this method of welding, it is characteristic that the transition of a drop from an electrode to a weld pool occurs with a short circuit — an arc gap — a drop of molten metal. From a single droplet transfer process, it is possible to distinguish directly short-circuit time, which is a significant fraction of the total time that a drop exists.

At the moment of short circuit, the droplet first touches the weld pool, and then spreads over the surface of the van.

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, descends from the electrode with the formation of the neck. The neck of a drop exists until it, while thinning to a critical diameter, does not explode under the effect of an increasing short-circuit.

The proposed welding method consists in the fact that when a drop of a welding bath touches a high-frequency traveling magnetic field created by a multi-phase I1 inductor, it acts on the drop, accelerating the process of its transition to the weld pool and wiping the neck of the drop.

A device for implementing this method (Fig. 2) consists of a power supply source 1 for welding, a mouthpiece 2, a shunt (extension resistor) 3, an amplitude selector 7, a component (threshold device) 8, a multiphase high-frequency source 9 of power j multiphase high-frequency inductor 10, the source 12 of the reference voltage.

The device works as follows.

After a period of arc burning and the formation of a drop of molten metal, it (drop) closes the arc gap. From the additional resistor 3 to the first input of the amplitude selector 7 a signal is received, which is proportional to the arc voltage, and to the second input a signal of a predetermined value corresponding to the voltage of the short voltage is 5, NIN. When the voltage drops across the arc to the voltage of the short lead, the output of the amplitude selector receives a signal to the input of the threshold device 8, which includes a high-frequency power supply 9 of the multiphase high-frequency inductor Yus

The principle of operation of the high-frequency inductor from the one described above is characterized in that the magnetic field of the neck of the droplet is automatically removed before the next short circuit.

The proposed welding method saves energy by reducing the short-circuit time, which is achieved by forcing a drop drop neck with a high-frequency traveling magnetic field with a smaller short-circuit current than with the usual welding process, improving the process of dropping and pgaa quality, reducing metal losses on splashing ..

Fo-rumlae invention

1. A method of magnetically controlled electric arc welding, in which an external transverse magnetic field acts on the arc, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the weld by reducing the splashing of the molten metal and improving its transfer, the arc is subjected to high-frequency running transverse multiphase a magnetic field in the form of a bundle of pulses superimposed on the end of a flat electrode, with the running component of the magnetic field being directed along the axis of the electrode towards the weld pool.

2. A device for magnetically controlled electric arc welding, containing a power source, a melting electrode and a multiphase inductor, characterized in that, in order to reduce metal losses due to welding spatter with short arc gaps and to save electricity , the successive amplitude selector 5 key and a multi-phase high-frequency source, as well as an additional resistor and an exemplary source are entered in succession; the first input of the amplitude selector is connected via an additional resistor to the output of the p.titany source, and the second input - to the exemplary source, the output of the multi-phase high-frequency source is connected to the multi-phase inductor,

3, POP device 2, distinguished from the fact that, in order to improve the quality of the weld by providing directional metered transfer of the electrode metal during welding without arc short circuits, a multiplier, an integrator, a second amplitude selector and a shunt, wherein the multiplier inputs are connected via a shunt and additional resistor, respectively, to the terminals of the power source and to the first input of the first amplitude selector, the second input of which is supplied with a reference voltage Aulus yuschim key input, and output-1nozhitel through an integrator connected to the first input of the second pulse-height selector, the second input of which is supplied as reference voltage, and the output of which through the key and mnogofaznsh vysokochasto tny source is connected to a multi-phase inductor,

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Claims (3)

Claim 1. A method of magnetically controlled electric arc welding, in which an external transverse magnetic field is applied to the arc, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the weld by reducing the spatter of molten metal and improve its transfer, the arc is affected by high-frequency traveling transverse multiphase by a magnetic field in the form of a packet of pulses superimposed on the end of the floating electrode 1, the traveling component of the magnetic field being directed along the axis of the electrode towards the weld pool. 2. A device for magnetically controlled 2 electric arc welding, containing a power source, a consumable electrode and a multiphase inductor, characterized in that, in order to reduce metal losses due to spatter during welding with short circuits of the arc gap and save energy, series-connected amplitude a selector, a key, and a multiphase high-frequency source, as well as an additional resistor and a reference source, while the first input of the amplitude selector is connected to the output of the power source, and the second input to the reference source, the output of the multiphase high-frequency source is connected to the multiphase inductor. 3. Device pop. 2, distinguished by the fact that, in order to improve the quality of the weld due to the provision of directional metered transfer of electrode metal during welding without short circuits of the 5th arc gap, a multiplier, an integrator, and a second an amplitude selector and a shunt, while the inputs of the multiplier through a shunt and an additional resistor are respectively connected to the terminals of the power source and to the first input of the first amplitude selector, the second input of which is supplied with a reference voltage, and the output of which is connected to ravlyaetsya vho'5 house key, the output of the multiplier through an integrator connected to the first input of the second amplitude selector, the second input of which is supplied as a reference voltage and whose output ,, 30 through the key and a polyphase high frequency source is connected to the multi-inducer.