SU1353338A1 - Method of presowing treatment of seeds of vegetable crops - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of agriculture. The purpose of the invention is to improve the sowing qualities of seeds and increase yields. The seeds of beet, carrot, and cucumber are bubbled in water at 25-30 s until the solution is clarified. Then the seeds are bubbled in a 0.5% solution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizers with air blowing over. 1.5-2 hours. Germination is carried out by blowing air with 100% moisture before seeding. Drying is carried out by mixing the seeds with the adsorbent for 25-30 minutes. The drying temperature is maintained the same as during the activation. For this, the adsorbent is taken at room temperature and due to the adsorption of moisture from the seeds, there is a slight heating in the layer to 24–30 ° C, table 4. a & (L co 00 00 CO CO oo

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods of pre-sowing treatment of seeds of vegetable crops, such as beets, carrots, radishes, cucumbers, and the like.

The aim of the invention is to improve the sowing qualities of the seeds and increase the yield.

Example 1. The activation of Bordeaux sports beet seeds. To do this, 50 g of seeds are soaked in water at 26 + 1 ° C, inhibitors are washed for 6 hours with air supply. Then, the swollen seeds are activated in a 0.5% solution of phosphorus-potassium fertilizer KHjPO and potash-nitrogen fertilizers With air blowing for 1.5 hours. After salt enrichment, air is passed through the seeds with a humidity of 100% at 26 ± 1 ° C. The total time of harvesting beet seeds is 9 hours. After this, the seeds are dried with agitation with the adsorbent and for 20 minutes at ± 25, to a moisture content of 16% by weight.

To determine the germination and growth rate of seeds, they are germinated. Untreated seeds from the same batch are used as controls. The obtained data on the germination energy and germination of Bordeaux beet seeds are presented in Table. one ,

According to the results of table. 1 that in the experimental variants, the energy of germination and germination is higher.

Example 2. The procedure is carried out analogously to Example 1 with Vitamin 6 varietal carrot seeds. To do this, soak 5 g of carrots in air saturated with water for two hours and wash the inhibitors for two hours. then a two-hour mineral activation with a solution of 0.5% phosphate-potassium fertilizer KH2P04 +. with a pH of 7.1 and four-hour aeration.

Data processing carrots seeds by the proposed method are given in table. 2

Example 3. It is carried out similarly to example 2 with cucumber seeds. For this purpose, 10 g of cucumbers of the variety “Unavailable” are exposed for 6 hours. flow of aerated water

at 29 + 1 ° C, inhibitors are washed and aerated simultaneously, and then subjected to two-hour activation with 0.5% phosphorus solutions

five

potash fertilizer. After this, the seeds are dried under stirring with the adsorbent for 30 minutes at a moisture content of 18% by weight.

Data processing seeds n cucumbers proposed method are presented in table. 3

When adsorption-contact drying using synthetic and mineral adsorbents - granulated alumina and aluminosilicate. The adsorbent is separated from the seed by sieving. A coarse granulation adsorbent is taken for small seeds and a small one for large seeds.

The drying temperature is maintained the same as the activation. For this, the adsorbent is taken at room temperature and due to the adsorption of moisture from the seeds, there is a slight heating in the 24-30 C. layer. The ratio is taken depending on the moisture content of the activated seeds: the lower the humidity, the smaller the ratio. The wet adsorbent (15 wt.%) Is regenerated (dried) at 110 ° C and used again repeatedly.

In adsorption-contact drying, both surface and capillary-cell moisture is removed. Minimal activation and adsorption-contact drying of seeds give a significant difference in germination and germination energy.

The results of seed germination with various processing methods are presented in Table. 4 .. I

Germination energy does not change noticeably during storage.

The use of the proposed method of activation leads to an improvement in the sowing qualities of the seed of a number of vegetable crops, which makes it possible to reduce the seeding rates g and shorten the vegetation period due to the accelerated development of activated plants.

0

five

50

55

Formula of invention

The method of pre-sowing treatment of seeds of vegetable crops, including seed barking in water at a temperature of 25-30 ° C, and then in a solution of nutrients, germination and drying, characterized in that, with the aim of improving the sowing qualities of seeds and increasing yields.

, bubbling in water is carried out until the solution is clarified, and solutions of nitrogen, phosphoric and potash solutions are used as a nutrient solution.

 fertilizers, and germination was carried out

Note. AKS - adsorption-contact drying.

table 2

The option with mineral activation significantly exceeds the rest.

are blown with air with 100% moisture before seeding, while drying is carried out by mixing the seeds with the adsorbent for

Table 3

In the experimental variants, the germination energy and the rate of initial growth are higher.

Aks 30 min

Aks 30 min

B - air drying at room temperature.

Editor O. Bugir

Compiled by A. -Lezhnev Tehred I.Popovich

Order 5621/1 Circulation 628 Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab, 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

Table 4

15.95

75

84

17.41

80

89

Proofreader M. Sharoshi

Claims (1)

Claim' A method for pre-sowing treatment of seeds of vegetable crops, including bubbling seeds in water at a temperature of 25-30 ° C, and then in a solution of nutrients, germination and drying, characterized in that, in order to improve the sowing quality of seeds and increase productivity, bubbling in water is carried out before clarification of the solution, as a solution of nutrients. Use solutions of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and germination is carried out by blowing the seeds with air with 100% humidity before nibbling, while drying is carried out They are removed by moving seeds with an adsorbent for .25-30 min. Table 1 Way Drying % mass of seeds Germination energy % Germination, 7, % Increase 1 germination energy relative germination relative control known method control known method The control - 11.8 40 60 0 - 0 Famous AKC 13.6 60 85 15.0 0 14.1 0 Fertilizer Proposed Knog AKC 14.5 86 100 21.5 14.3 16.7 11.7 pr ₂ ro ₄ AKC 16.0 87 100 21.7 14.5 16.7 11.7 Note. AKC - adsorption contact drying. table 2 Way Germination energy,% Germination,% The control 66 86 Proposal being 90 90 Table 3 40 Way Germination energy,% 5 day length mm the roots cooleontil The control 80 33 + 2 18 + 2 45 Proposed 90 100 + 10 75 + 5 In experimental variants, higher germination energy and initial growth rate. The option with mineral activation significantly exceeds the others. Table 4 IN 17,00 and aktiOtmyvka vatsiya H ₂ O AKC min 13.45 actiVation washing N _g O and aeration (known method) 18.15 the same AKC min 16.87 Phosphate washing and mineral activation AKC min 15.95 Washing, phosphate mineral activation and aeration AKC min 17.41 B - air drying at room temperature. Compiled by A.-Lezhnev Editor 0. Bugir Tehred I.Popovich Corrector M. Sharoshi Order 5621/1 Mintage 628 Subscription VNIIIPI of the USSR State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushskaya embankment, d. 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhhorod, st. Project, 4