SU1346911A1 - Draining device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the construction of a waste device for cryogenic products into the atmosphere and can be used in any branch of the national economy, where the need arises to drain large quantities of explosive, toxic and other hazardous gases, as well as vapors of liquefied cryogenic products. The purpose of the invention is to reduce hazardous concentrations. The device contains a vertical drainage pipe 1, closed by a cover 2, and horizontal discharge pipes 3 of smaller diameter with spiral elements 4 are placed in the outlet of the pipe. The number of discharge pipes n is determined depending on the required safe distance Le and the diameter of the drainage pipe (D ) by the ratio (D / L). To more effectively reduce hazardous areas, the nozzles are arranged in several rows in planes perpendicular to the axis of the drainage pipe, the distance between the rows being determined by the ratio dtga / 2. 1 hp f-ly, 1 ill. S cl with 4 O5 CO Yab / X0 drained gas I Drain gas inlet

Description

The invention relates to maschrostroenie, mainly chemical, petrochemical, and cryogenic, and can be used in any branch of the national economy where there is a need for drainage (i.e., organized, ordered discharge) of large quantities of explosive, toxic and other hazardous gases. (for example, hydrogen, methane, nitrogen, oxygen, nitrogen dioxide, by-products of chemical production), as well as vapor of liquefied cryogenic products (for example, liquid nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, methane, gels, etc.) in the atmosphere RU.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce hazardous concentrations.

The drawing shows a drainage device, a general view.

The drainage device contains a vertical pipe. made with a diameter D, which is closed by a cover 2. Below cover 2 there are four horizontal nozzles 3 of smaller diameter with spiral elements 4.

The required number of outlets n is determined depending on the required safety distance B and the diameter of the drain pipe D according to the following relation:

(D / L) (1)

. Where K is an experimental constant depending on the type of the gas being drained, meteorological conditions, temperature of the products being drained, and is (9-135) -10

Reducing the size of the hazardous zones occurs only when the distribution zones of the individual streams emanating from adjacent pipes do not overlap. This condition is fulfilled in the case when the lengths of the individual pipes are such that the distances between the centers of their outlet sections have a size of at least three diameters of the pipe.

In the case when the total number of nozzles obtained by formula (1) is greater than the number of nozzles fitting in the same plane around the perimeter of the drainage pipe, the nozzles are placed in several rows in different planes along the height of the drainage pipe. When disposing the discharge pipes in several rows to reduce the size of the zones of dangerous concentrations, the distance between rows I is determined by the ratio

 dtga / 2, (2)

where d is the diameter of the outlet nozzle, m; a is the angle of the gas flow jet.

In addition, the device is equipped with spiral elements placed in the inner cavity of the discharge pipes, providing a turbulent flow regime and at low Reynolds numbers. Under the influence of a side wind on the ejected pillar, an increase in the size of the danger zone does not occur, since a small

five

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five

Q h

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the number of streams is in the wake of the air masses, but the majority, for any wind direction, are in a counter or drift. This causes the position and size of the zone of hazardous concentrations to remain constant. The controllability of the safe distances allows the use of the proposed device for cases when the gas flow rate is substantially variable, for example, for all cases of drainage of cryogenic products from tanks that operate in two significantly different operating modes - in the storage mode of products (low flow rate) and filling and dispensing products (high consumption).

Drainage device operates as follows.

The main gas flow through the vertical pipe 1, is divided into four streams flowing through the outlet pipes 3 of smaller diameter, is turbulized by means of spiral elements 4 and is emitted into the atmosphere. In the case of vapor drainage of cryogenic products, when the hydraulic resistance created by the device plays an important role, the diameter of the discharge pipes on the drain line is recommended to choose from the condition of equal flow areas of the pipe 1 and all the discharge pipes 3.

The use of the proposed drainage device provides, in comparison with known devices, safety and reduction in the size of hazardous concentrations zones, regardless of the operating mode and meteorological conditions, reducing the length of cryogenic pipelines and electrical communications from drainage sites to equipment location, reducing construction ploihadey , convenience and cost reduction in operation and maintenance.

The use of a drainage device reduces the size of the danger zone by half with n 4.

Claims (2)

1. A drainage device containing a vertical pipe and a spiral element, characterized in that, in order to reduce zones of dangerous concentrations, it is provided with outlet pipes of a smaller diameter placed at the outlet end of the pipe perpendicular to its axis, the number of which is determined by the formula (D / L), where K (9-135) 10 D - pipe diameter, m; L is the safe distance of gas emissions m. 1346911 34 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized by f lOdtga / 2, the fact that the pipes are placed in rows, where d is the diameter of the pipe, m; The standing between them is determined by a for-a-angle to open a gas spray; current;