SU1345039A1 - Processing revolving drum - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used in mills, drying and flushing drums for use in cement, mining, chemical, construction and other industries. The purpose of the invention is to increase the operational reliability and durability of the drive power units by reducing the dynamic loads. Technological working drum (TRB) contains a rotating body, bearing units 2 and an actuator containing a power gear reducer 4. A control drum (KB) 10 is fixed on a low-speed shaft 7 of a reducer 4, and 15 is fixed on a low-speed shaft of a gear 13. 13 is equal to gear ratio of gearbox 4. KB 10 and 15 are a compact hollow drum, whose face is transparent. During the rotation of the TRB from the drive, the KB 10 and 15 rotate with the same angular velocity; as a result, the location of the bulk filler in KB will correspond to the location of the working mixture 3 in the TBD. In this case, the angles of repose of materials in the TSB and CB 10 and 15 are equal to each other. Using information from CB 10 and 15 on the position of the working mixture in the TBD, it is possible to self-start the TBD. Such a remote self-starting TRB greatly facilitates the starting load on the C (L oo 4 ate about with; about Fi9 {

Description

The engine is 5 ku and thus increases the operational reliability and durability of the entire power circuit of the drive, and this will increase the diggamility of the timeframe, the coefficient of technical use of the TBD and its average annual performance. 1 hp f-ly, 9 ill.

one

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to technological rotary drums, such as drum mills, dryer mills, drying and washing drums, rotary kilns and other drums for use in cement, mining, chemical, energy construction, concentration and other industries.

The aim of the invention is to increase the operational reliability and durability of the power units of the drive by reducing the dynamic loads.

Fig. 1 shows a technological rotating drum, for example, a pipe mill, a general view; in Fig.2, the cross section A-A in Fig. 1 (for example, mills at the working position of the working mixture being processed); FIG. 3 shows a technological drum, for example, a rotary kiln; Fig. 4 is a cross-section bb of Fig. 3 (for example, a rotary kiln, with the working position of the working mixture being treated); in FIG. 3 - I observed in FIG. and 3; figure 6 is a view In figure 5; figure 7 is a cross section of GGD figure 5; on Fig - section dD on fig.Z; figure 9 is the same, the self-drum.

A technological rotating working drum, for example a mill or a furnace, contains a rotating cylinder housing 1, bearing units 2 and a power drive.

The case of the technological drum is filled with the working mixture 3,,

In a rotating technological drum, for example a mill, the power drive contains a power gear reducer 4 with a power electric motor.

TSB technical use tent and its average annual productivity. 1 hp f-ly, 9 ill.

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

5 for fast working rotation of the drum and an auxiliary drive 6 with a reducer, a reversing electric motor and a brake for slow rotation of the drum intended for repair work, various technological modes of operation, start and self-starting of the drum. On one side, the shaft 7 of the power reduction gearbox 4 is connected to the central shaft 8 of the housing 1 of the working drum, and on the other to the shaft 9 of the controlling drum 10 via a flexible shaft I1. High-speed shaft 12 of the Power gearbox 4 on the one hand is connected to a power motor 5, and the other with a gear gear 13 via a flexible shaft 14. A control drum 15 is fixed on the low-speed shaft of the gearbox 13. The gear ratio of the gearbox 13 is equal to the gear ratio of the power gear 4. Drum 10 and the gearbox 13 with the drum 15, due to the flexible shafts 11 and 14, can be installed at a great distance from the working drum and from its power drive, for example, on the local and / or central control panel of the working drum, This makes it easy to control the drive, making it easier to start and self-start the drum.

In a technological rotary drum, for example, a furnace, the power drive includes an open gear train 16, a power gear reducer 4 with a power electric motor 5 for fast working rotation of the furnace, and an auxiliary drive 6 with a gearbox, a reversing electric motor and a brake for slow rotation of the furnace. The low speed open gear crown of the open gear 16 is fixed on the body 1 of the rotary kiln.

313

and the pod gear is connected to the low-speed shaft of the power reducer 4, the other end of which is connected to the gear reducer 13 via the flexible shaft 14, the control drum 15 is fixed on the current drive shaft of the reducer 13, the gear ratio of the reducer 13 is equal to the gear ratio of the open gear gear 16. Intermediate shaft 17 of the power gear reducer 4 is connected to the gear reducer 18, on the low-speed shaft of which the control drum 19 is fixed. The gear ratio of the gear reduction gear 18 is equal to the gear ratio low-speed gear (gear) 20 of the power gear 4 and open gear 16

The control drums 10, 15 and 19 are compact hollow cylinders, in which at least the front (face) end wall 21 is made transparent, for example, from natural or organic glass.

On the outer side of the front end wall 21 of the drums 10, 15 and 19 on the central axis 22 a tandem 23 is freely mounted, which, with a free suspension, is made with a horizontal edge 24 imitating a horizon line relative to which the orientation of the loose filler 25 is oriented in the drum 15. Instead of the horizontal edge 24, a sheet of transparent material can be attached to the tambour 23, on which a horizontal contrast line is marked, as well as a marking of the angles of inclination of the loose filler 25 in the control drum. 15.

To improve the visual observation of the condition of the filler 25 in the control drums 10, 15 and 19, both end walls 21 and 26 and the cylindrical part 27 can be made transparent. For the same purpose, the control drums 10, 15 and 19 can be provided with a backlight, In this case, the lighting devices in each separate case of fastening the drums 10, 15 and 19 and its designs can be installed in the appropriate places.

The dimensions of the controlling drums 10, 15 and 19 are several times smaller than the technological working drum.

9

they are chosen such that it is convenient to observe the state of the bulk filler 25 in them. The shape of the inner surface of the control drums 10, 15, and 19, the roughness and its material, as well as the bulk filler 25, are made such that the angle of repose Y of the bulk filler 25 in the control drums 10, 15 and 19 is equal to (close) the angle of the natural slope YP of the processed working mixture 3 in the technological working bar-abane.

In the case of using, for example, a two-chamber process drum (for example, a mill), in each chamber of which the working mixture has a different angle of repose (YP1 and Yp2), two drums of 10, 15 and 19 are installed on it, respectively, with different angles of repose ( Y 1 and Yp2) of the aggregate 25, t, e, Ypl and Yn2 Yp2, and Ypl Yp2 and Ypl 2.

In all cases (variants), the transfer ratios of the kinematic diagrams of the connection of the control drums 10, 15 and 19 and the working drums are equal to each other. This ensures complete synchronization of the rotation of the control 10, 15 and 19 and the working drums and the same arrangement of the material in them.

The rotation axes of the control drums 10, 15 and 19 are mounted horizontally. On each technological drum, depending on the operational need, one or several control drums 10, 15 and 19 can be used,

For convenience, monitoring the controlling drums 10, 1E and 19 and simplifying the design with changing the direction of the axis of the drums 10, 15 and 19 in terms of the direction of the axis of the working process drum can be used instead of the cylindrical gears and other kinematic gears.

In the case of use of a planetary gearbox and engine coaxial with the working mill in the power drive, the control drum 10 is connected via the flexible shaft 12 and the kinematic gear 13 to the second end of the power shaft. engine 5.

in the case of the use of a low-speed coaxially working mill of a power motor 5 (without gears and gearboxes), the rotation frequency of which is equal to the frequency of rotation of the work mill, the control drum 10 is connected via a flexible shaft 11 to the shaft of a power electric motor 5.

Other equivalent combinations of a working drum and its drive with control drums 10, 15 and 19 and their kinematic transmissions are possible.

The operation of the technological rotating drum, for example a mill or furnace, is carried out as follows.

The rotation of the technological working mill in the direction of AND is carried out from the electric motor 5 through the power gear reducer 4, the low-speed shaft 7 and the central shaft of the working mill 8. Simultaneously with the rotation of the drive and the housing 1 of the mill, the control drum 10 rotates through the flexible shaft 11 and the control drum 15 through a flexible shaft 14 and a gear reducer 13. In this case, the angular velocities of the controlling drums 10 and 15 are equal to the angular speed of the technological working mill, as a result of which the location of the granular about filler 25 in drums 10 and. 15 corresponds to the location of the working mixture 3 in the housing 1 of the working mill. In this case, the angles of repose of the materials in the working drum and the control mills are equal to each other: Yp Y.

Thus, after passing through the transparent wall 21 to the position of direct filler 25 in drums 10 and 15, it is possible to imagine the position of working mixture 3 in the working mill, which is similar to the position of direct filler 25 in drums 10 and 15,

The operation of the rotary kiln is carried out in a manner similar to that of a mill.

The rotation of the rotating working furnace in the direction of AND is carried out from the power motor 5 through the power gear reducer 4 and the open gear transmission 16. Simultaneously with the rotation of the drive and the furnace body 1, the control drum 15 rotates through the flexible shaft I4

45039

and gear reducer 13, as well as controlling drum I9 through gear reducer 18, wherein the angular velocities of the controlling drums 15 and 19 are equal to the angular speed of the technological working furnace, with the result that the location of the bulk filler 25 in the drums 15 and 19 corresponds to the location of the working mixture 3 in case 1 working furnace. At the same time, the angles of repose of materials 3 in the working furnace and controlling drums 15 and 19

five

ten

five

0

five

0

five

equal to each other: Yp Y,

Thus, through the transparent wall 21 to the position of the bulk filler 25 in the control drums 15 and 19, it is possible to imagine the position of the working mixture 3 in the working furnace, which is similar to the position of the bulk filler 25 in the drums 15 and 19,

Regardless of the amount of rotation of the drums 10, 15 and 19, the tambourine 23, due to the force of the earth tug, always remains in the lower position relative to the axis of rotation 22, and the upper edge 24 of the tambourine 23 always remains horizontal. This automatic self-aligning edge 24 of the tambour 23, simulating a horizon line, is a guideline for determining the angle Y of the location of the friable

15

0

five

the filler 25 in the drum 10, and 19,

After the working rotation is stopped, the technological drum can be stopped and braked in an arbitrary position. It may be that the position of the working mixture 3 in the working drum, which corresponds to the position of the loose filler 25 in the drums 10, 15 and 19, is unfavorable for the subsequent launch of the technological drum to the working rotation. Then, by releasing the drive, the technological drum under the action of the unbalanced mass of the working mixture 3 independently rises to a balanced state (FIG. 8). Starting up the working rotation from this position is easier, because in g the initial, most heavy moment of starting the engine 5 is steep the moment of resistance to rotation of the working drum is zero, this is determined by the fact that the shoulder of the unbalanced mas

sy in the working drum at the initial time is zero (Fig.8).

An even easier start of the technological drum for working fast rotation can be carried out by self-starting, when with the help of an auxiliary drive engine 6, the working drum slowly rotates

13A50398

Thus, the working drum is prepared for future self-starting, which can be done by 5 releasing the working drum and turning on the power engine 5 for working rotation.

When self-starting, the technological working drum is under the action of un-distorted (reversed) to the side, Yu, which is hung positive twist

opposite to the working rotation, and raise the working mixture 3 in the working drum to the maximum when the slope angle of material 3 and 25 in the working drum and controlling drums 10, 15 and 19 is equal to the angle of repose, after which the auxiliary engine 6 is turned off.

In this way, a positive unbalanced moment is created for the self-start of the drum, which is equal to (Fig. 9) -.

After that, the working drum with a positive unbalanced moment is either immediately braked to maintain the self-starting position and use it later after the required time, or immediately after turning off the engine of the auxiliary drive 6 of slow rotation, turn on the engine of the main drive drive 5 for working fast rotation.

It is also possible to set the working drum to a bucket; the second self-start at the moment of stopping it from working rotation is as follows.

The working engine 5 is turned off, the technological drum under the action of the unbalanced mass of the working mixture 3 first stops, and then begins to roll back in the opposite direction, gradually accelerate the centrifugal masses and increase the speed, then, by inertia, the working drum goes through the neutral (balanced) position and rotates further, lifting the unbalanced the mass of the working mixture 3 is up on the other side of the working drum, while the speed of the working drum gradually decreases to zero, and the working mixture 3 in the drum reaches At the same time, at this moment, the furnace operator, heading to the controlling drums 10, 15 and 19, brakes the working drum with a brake, preventing it from turning in the opposite direction.

moment equal to the magnitude of the working torque, he begins a gradual smooth promotion of the housing 1 of the working drum,

the drive and the power of the working engine 5, at the same time to the mains connect the main working motor 5.

Due to the fact that during the previous stopping of the technological drum 1, the kinematic energy is stored in the form of an unbalanced mass of the working mixture 3, which creates a positive torque that coincides in direction with the working rotation of the power engine 5, the start of the power engine 5 on the working rotation is greatly facilitated starting moment and power of electric current at this moment is much less than the nominal values, which reduces the extraction of electricity from the mains and provides its savings.

The self-starting of the technological drum, which facilitates the starting load on the power engine 5, reduces the dynamics and thereby increases the operational reliability and durability of the entire drive power circuit

(electric motor 5, gearbox 4. gears 16, couplings, etc.), which in turn increases the turnaround time and the technical utilization rate of the technological drum intended for mass (continuous) production of products.

Reduced starting loads also reduce the mass of the power drive and use normal, standard-sized electric motors. The creation of special electric motors with higher starting moments in this case does not

is required.

The position of the bulk filler 25 in the drums 10, 15 and 19 at each time point simulates the position of the working mixture 3 in the technological drum, due to which the technological drum operator receives additional information about the technological process in the working drum and, if necessary, can change it accordingly, for example adjusting the rotational speed of the technological drum, approaching the optimum mode.

The use of control drums 10, 15 and 19 with the new design and manufacture of the technological drum, besides increasing reliability and durability, reduces the weight and cost of manufacturing the power drive units, since the strength calculations of these drive nodes are carried out in lightweight conditions with reduced dynamic loads when self-starting technological drum. In this case, the installed power of the electric motor 5 is reduced, and its load power becomes close to nominal, which also provides energy savings due to the increase in the cosine of the angle of repose and the efficiency of the electrical system.

When using the device in heat exchangers drilled with refractory bricks, the lining durability is increased by reducing dynamic loads during the start and stop of the working drum. This is due to the plentiful information about the position of the working mixture in the technological drum by means of controlling drums 10, 15 and 19, when the start of the working drum is self-starting, and its braking is performed at the upper location of the working mixture 3, when the speed of the working drum is

Q

s 5

about 0

five

the moment of transition of the first reverse rollback (reverse) after turning off the power engine 5 is equal to zero.

Due to the presence of the reels 10, 15 and 19, it is possible to pre-empt the moment when the working drum after turning off the power engine 5 and the first reverse rollback reaches zero speed, and if braking starts at that moment, the brake wear is significantly reduced, as this surfaces minimized.

Claims (2)

1.Technological rotating drum containing a cylindrical body, bearing units and an actuator with gears, characterized in that, in order to increase the operational reliability and durability of the drive power units by reducing dynamic loads, it is equipped with a controlling drum made with a transparent end wall connected via gears. driven by the technological drum, while the gear ratios from the shaft of the power drive to the controlling drum and to the technological drum are equal., 2. The drum according to Clause I., of which is, so that, in order to speed up and facilitate control of the drive of the technological drum, one of the shafts of the kinematic transmission of the control drum from the power drive of the technological drum is made in the form of a flexible shaft. A a fig 2 3  Y Phage. 2i 25 gd 13 7 FIG. 6 YD dd Fig.8 Phage.9