SU1338861A1 - Evaporator of anesthetics - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to medical technology. The purpose of the invention is to increase patient safety during anesthesia. The device contains a water jacket 1. A vapor chamber 3 is tightly installed over the jacket 1. The gas distributor 5 with holes 6, inlet 7 and outlet 8 nozzles, bypass line 9 and bypass channel 10 are installed in cover 4, bypass line 9 has holes 12 and connects the nozzle 7 with the mixing chamber 13. The channel 10 contains an automatic temperature converter including a housing 14 divided into two chambers by means of a separation membrane 15. The sensor 16 is located in the chamber 16, made in the form of a cylinder with solid filler. The executive body 20 is made in the form of a rod 21 with a spring 22, a pneumatic choke 24 in the form of a movable cone 25 in the saddle 26. The device maintains a constant concentration of anesthetic when the ambient temperature changes, 1 sludge. W TT to 20/22/2) 1 C

Description

The invention relates to a medical technique and will find application in the fields of anesthesiology and surgery of clinics and hospitals during inhalation anesthesia.

The purpose of the invention is to increase patient safety during anesthesia by increasing the stability of maintaining a given concentration of anesthetics in the outlet nozzle when the temperature changes.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the anesthetic vaporizer.

The anesthetic evaporator contains a water jacket 1 located in the lower part of the evaporator housing 2. Above the water jacket 1, the evaporation chamber 3 is sealed, inside which there are fins (not shown) to increase the mass transfer surface. A cap 4 is fixed above the evaporation chamber 3, in which a gas distributor 5 with calibrated orifices 6 is installed. In the cap 4 of the evaporator are located the inlet 7 and outlet 8 nozzles, the bypass line 9 and the bypass channel 10. On the cap there is a scale And fixed to it gas distributor 5.

The bypass line 9 has calibrated holes 12 and connects the inlet 7 with a mixing chamber 13, bypassing the evaporation chamber 3. Parallel to the bypass line 9, a bypass channel 10 is located, containing an automatic temperature converter including a housing-14, divided into two chambers by means of a rigidly sealed separation membrane 15. In the lower chamber 16 of the housing 14 there is a sensor 17, made in the form of a cylinder 18 with solid a filler protruding from the housing 14 and installed in the water jacket 1, the chamber 16 is equipped with guides 19, in which an actuator 20 is installed, made in the form of a rod 21 with a tuning spring 22. One end of the rod is located It is inside the cylinder 18, and the second passes between the guides 19 and contacts the diaphragm 15. In the upper chamber 23 of the housing 14 there is a pneumatic throttle 24, for example a cone-cylinder type, made in the form of a movable cone 25 in the saddle 26 mounted on the rod 27, passing through the guide hole 28 of the upper chamber 23 and contacting the diaphragm 15.

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In the converter housing 14, the inlet 29 and outlet 30 ports are connected, which connect the chamber 23, respectively, via the bypass channel 10 with the inlet 7 and outlet 8 of the evaporator nozzles. In this case, the inlet 29 is located under the seat 26 of the throttle cone 25, and the outlet 30 is above it. The throttle cone 25 is provided with a return spring 31.

The evaporator anesthetics works as follows.

The gas flow entering the inlet 5 of the nozzle 7 is divided into three streams, one of which passes into the evaporation chamber 3, the second through the bypass line 9 enters the mixing chamber 13, and the third through the pneumatic throttle 24 into the bypass channel 10. In the chamber 3 vaporization gas is available; anesthetic is supplied through the calibrated orifice 6 of the distributor 5, which is installed depending on the selected

25 concentration enters the mixing chamber 13, where it mixes with the flow entering the bypass line 9. The gas flow in the outlet nozzle 8 of the evaporator is determined by the flow sections of the calibrated hole 12 and 6 and the throttle hole O of the temperature converter installed in the bypass channel 10. The parameters of the calibrated orifices 6 in the distributor 5, the openings of the bypass line 9 and the flow parameters of the pneumatic throttle 24 of the bypass channel 10 are such that the ratio of gas flows through the evaporation chamber 3, the bypass line 9 and the bypass channel 10 remain constant. in the range of consumption from 2 to 15 l / min.

With an increase in the ambient temperature, the temperature of the water in the water jacket 1 and the anesthetic in the evaporation chamber 3 increases and, accordingly, the concentration at the outlet of the evaporation chamber 3. At the same time, the temperature of the cylinder 18 of the sensor 17 lowered into the water jacket 1 also increases, and under the action of volumetric expansion of the filler, the actuator 20 moves to the diaphragm 15 and through it. It puts pressure on the rod 27 of the throttles 24. Rod 27 together with cone 25 moves upwards and increases the flow area for the flow of gas entering through the throttle

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24 bypass channel 10 to the outlet 8 of the evaporator.

Due to the decrease in the hydraulic resistance of the bypass channel 10, the gas flow is redistributed. A relatively large part of the gas goes through the bypass channel and accordingly a smaller part goes through the mixing chamber 13. Therefore, the concentration at the outlet 8 of the evaporator remains constant.

When the ambient temperature is lowered, the process occurs in the reverse order.

Thus, the proposed evaporator ensures the independence of the anesthetic concentration when the ambient temperature changes, which consequently increases the safety of inhalation anesthesia during surgery.

An automatic temperature transducer increases the ease of operation of the anesthetic vaporizer, freeing the anesthesiologist from the need for manual compensation, temperature changes in the concentration of the anesthetic.

Editor And, dumb

Compiled by A. Radeev

Tehred L.Oleynik Proofreader M. Maksimishinets

4159/4

Circulation 594 Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab, 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Design, .4

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The anesthetic evaporator, which includes an evaporation chamber located above the water jacket, a bypass, a gas distributor, and an inlet and outlet nozzles, characterized in that, in order to increase the patient's safety during anesthesia by increasing the stability of the anesthetic concentration in the outlet nozzle, The Scientific Research Institute of Temperature, it contains an automatic temperature converter, including a sensor located in the water jacket, and an actuator that is linearly variable. puffers, pneumatic choke with shut-off valve, separation diaphragm and bypass o 0 five the channel connecting the inlet and outlet of the evaporator by means of pneumatic throttles, the valve body of which is kinematically connected to the executive body of the automatic temperature converter through a separating membrane installed between the bypass channel and the water jacket.