SU1338814A2 - Apparatus for controlling irrigation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in greenhouses for growing vegetables and flowers. The purpose of the invention is to increase the accuracy of irrigation control by controlling the soil moisture and temperature. The device includes a sensor 1 of humidity and air temperature and a sensor 2 of humidity and temperature of the soil. The sensors are made using the effect of surface acoustic waves. The surface of the sensors 1 and Z is divided by a sound-absorbing layer into the main zone A of air humidity control and the additional zone B of air temperature control. The control of air humidification and soil irrigation systems is carried out depending on the ratio of signals from sensors 1 and 2 to output device 7. Sensor 2 is located in the soil layer at the depth of the plant root system. Amplifiers 8 and 9 amplify the signals from the output electrodes of zones A and B of sensor 2. The introduction of comparator 10 eliminates the effect of temperature and mass of the soil layer above sensors 2 on the operation of the system. The electronic key 11 is always open when the humidity is equal to or higher than the specified one. The air humidification subsystem takes effect if the air humidity is below the optimum and the air temperature is not lower than the set one. The soil irrigation subsystem irrigates if the soil moisture is below the target. 1 hp f-ly, 3 ill. C (L s 00 s oo 00

Description

eleven

The invention relates to a technique for agricultural irrigation management, can be used in greenhouses for growing vegetables and colors, and is an improvement to the device. No. 1064918.

The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of irrigation control by controlling the humidity and temperature of the soil and, as a consequence, to increase the yield of greenhouse crops,

FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of the device in FIG. 2 shows the layout of the soil moisture and temperature sensor; in fig. 3 - relay characteristic of the threshold element.

The device contains a sensor 1 of humidity and air temperature using the effect of surface acoustic waves, the surface of which is divided into the main zone A for monitoring air humidity and the additional zone B for monitoring air temperature (Fig. 1) with a moisture resistant coating layer, and sensor 2 for humidity and soil temperature C using the effect of surface acoustic waves, the surface of which is also divided into two zones of soil parameters monitoring: main A and additional B. Input electrodes of zones A and B of sensor 2 and zones And sensor 1 is connected to master oscillator 3, the output electrodes of zone A of sensor 1 are connected to generator 4 of forced oscillations 4. Input and output electrodes of zone B of sensor 1 are connected to feedback of amplifier 5, the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of mixer 6 The second input of the mixer 6 is connected to the master oscillator 3, and the output is connected to the second input of the output device 7,

The output electrodes of zones A and B of sensor 2 are connected respectively to amplifiers 8 and 9, the outputs of which are connected to the first and second inputs of the comparator 10, equipped with a built-in threshold element with adjustable setpoint mouth, output connected to the first electronic input key 11, the SECOND input of which is connected to the exhaust of the generator 4 of forced oscillations, and the output is connected to the third input of the output device 7. To eliminate the influence of moisture on the zone B of the sensor 2, it is covered with a waterproof layer 12, and zones A and B of

88

with

with

from 5 0

5 0 5

142

Lena from each other sound-absorbing layer 13, Sensor 2 is installed in the soil layer 14 at the depth of the root system of plants 15,

In the absence of moisture on the surface of zone A of sensor 1, the frequency of master oscillator 3 and generator 4 of forced oscillations coincide and output device 7 is ready to turn on the irrigation system. If the ambient temperature corresponds to agro demands or higher, then the frequency of the output signal of amplifier 5 connected to the electrodes of zone B of sensor 1 and forming together with it the resonant circuit is equal to the frequency of master oscillator 3. At the output of mixer 6, there is no signal and output device 7 Includes the air conditioning system of the irrigation system. At the same time the signal from the output of the generator 4 forced oscillations is fed to the input of the electronic key 11 and closes it.

If, in the absence of moisture on the surface of zone A of sensor 1, the ambient air temperature is below nominal, when the activation of the air humidification subsystem is not practical, the frequency of the output signal of amplifier 5 changes and does not coincide with the frequency of master oscillator 3, the output of mixer 6 appears prohibiting output device 7 to turn on the air humidification subsystem of the irrigation system.

If there is moisture on the surface of zone A of sensor 1, its resistance to the propagation of surface acoustic waves changes. The signal from master oscillator 3 is not fed to the generator of forced oscillations, where generation is disrupted, and output device 7 shuts off the air humidification subsystem of the irrigation system. At the same time, the prohibition signal is removed from the input of the electronic key 11.

Thus, the electronic key 11 is open when the humidity of the air is at or above the set point (optimum),

Simultaneously with the humidity and temperature of the air, the humidity and temperature of the soil are controlled by means of sensor 2, H. the surface of the sensor 2 placed in the soil layer 14 to the depth of the root these31

The themes of 15 plants (FIG. 2), the soil temperature T „, the soil moisture t / and the force F, due to the mass of the soil layer. The surface acoustic wave, excited on the surface of zones A and B of sensor 2 by master oscillator 2, is equally affected by soil temperature Tp and force F. As regards soil moisture 1 /, it directly affects zone A, unprotected by a moisture resistant layer, and at the same time, as with sensor 1, moisture does not affect zone B, having a coating 12. The signal from the output of zone A of sensor 2 is proportional to temperature, humidity (and the force F is fed to the input of amplifier 8, and the signal from the output of zone Used sensor 2, np proportion tional temperature T and the force F, applied to the input of the amplifier 9, the output of which they are supplied to the comparator 10.

In the comparator 10, the signals are subtracted, whereby a signal is generated that is proportional only to the soil moisture, which on the threshold element embedded in the comparator 10 is compared with the specified tolerance of the adjustable setpoint. If the soil moisture is below the specified tolerance (Fig. 3), the signal from the output of the comparator 10 is fed to the input of the electronic key 11, and if

The electronic key 11 is open, the output device 7 includes a subsystem for irrigating the soil of the irrigation system. Watering the soil continues until the soil moisture exceeds a predetermined tolerance. If at low soil moisture the electronic key 11 is closed, i.e. air is humidified, the signal to turn on the irrigation subsystem does not pass until the air humidity has reached; there is no preset value.

Thus, introducing into a known device a humidity sensor and

Q

5 Q

p0

five

144

soil temperature surfactant with two zones separated by a sound-absorbing layer, one of which has a moisture-resistant coating, and placing it in the soil layer at the depth of the plant root system additionally allows controlling the soil moisture and temperature with high accuracy and controlling the air humidification and irrigation subsystems soil irrigation systems depending on the humidity and temperature of the air and soil and maintain them within the specified limits. This provides normal conditions for the development of plants, increases the yield of greenhouse crops.

Claims (2)

1. Irrigation management device according to auth. No. 1064918, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of irrigation control by controlling the humidity and the soil temperature, the device additionally contains a soil moisture and temperature sensor using the effect of surface acoustic waves, while the sensor surface is divided into two zones, the inputs of both zones are connected to the output of the master oscillator, and the output is connected to the inputs of the corresponding amplifiers whose outputs are connected to the first and second inputs of the comparator, equipped with a built-in threshold element; With an adjustable setpoint, and an output connected to the first input of an electronic key, the second input of which is connected to the output of the generator of forced oscillations, and the output is connected to the output device. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the soil moisture and temperature sensor is installed in the water at a depth of the plant root system. X  / (; i;: l; :: ixii ::::::; ..; - /, -.:: u- - ./: V: / / / 7 // 7 ////// / / W /// У7 / / 3 g n Figg h Editor A. Shandor Compiled by L. Panteleeva Tehred I.Popovich Proofreader N. Korol Order 4155/2 Circulation 627 Subscription VNIIPY USSR State Committee according to “the glam of inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4 FIG.