SU1332300A1 - Bipolar voltage stabilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electrical engineering and is used in electric drives. The goal is to expand the range of output voltage regulation, to provide high-speed diagnostics of the functioning and protection against overvoltages and overcurrent conditions. The stabilizer allows you to extend the range of output voltage regulation by negatively shifting the supply voltage of the operational amplifiers, which is used to create negative voltages at the control inputs of the control transistor elements. The stabilizer is made of transistors 1, 2, differential amplifiers 3, 4, resistive dividers 5 and 7, comparison node 9, a semiconductor relay element 10 with two sources of reference voltage 6 and 8. 2 Cp. f-ly, 3 ill. with “b (L Fyg.1

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in DC and AC electric drives for stabilizing two DC voltage voltages feeding control systems, controlling and protecting actuators.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the range of output voltage regulation, to provide fast-acting diagnostics of the stabilizer function and to protect against overvoltages and current overloads.

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a bipolar voltage stabilizer for an electric drive; 2 is a schematic diagram of a stabilizer with overvoltage protection. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a stabilizer with overcurrent protection.

A schematic diagram of a bipolar voltage stabilizer for an electric drive (Fig. 1) contains two control transistor elements 1 and 2 included in opposite-polar power buses, two differential amplifiers 3 and 4, the first input of the differential amplifier 3 is connected to the output of the first resistive divider 5, connected by its first input to the first output of the stabilizer, and the second input to the first output of the first source 6 of the reference voltage, the first input of the second differential amplifier 4 is connected to a common bus, and the second input to the output of the second resistive divider 7 connected between the first and second output pins of the stabilizer, the second source 8 of the reference voltage, the node 9 of the comparison and the relay element 10. The first 6 and the second 8 sources of the reference voltage are connected respectively with opposite-voltage inputs of the stabilizer and a common bus, the first differential amplifier 3 is connected to the supply terminals: the first to the first input terminal of the stabilizer, the second to the second output of the first source 6 of the reference voltage, and The second input connects to the common bus, the second differential amplifier 4 is connected with its own power supply terminals: the first to the second input terminal of the stabilizer, the second to one of the outputs of the SEC source voltage reference 8, the node 9 of the comparison is connected to the third output the first source 6 of the reference voltage, the second input to the second output terminal of the stabilizer, and the output to the input of the relay element 10 connected by its power terminals to the input terminals of the stabilizer, the output of the relay element 10 is styryl terminal stabilizer.

The schematic diagram of the overvoltage protection stabilizer (Fig. 2) further comprises two transistor switches 1 and 12, two fuses 13 and 14, the second and third comparison nodes 15 and 16, the matching link 17, while the second comparison node 15 is connected by the first input to the second output of the second source 8 of the reference voltage, the second input to the first output pin of the stabilizer, and the output to the input of the first transistor switch 11 connected between the common bus and the first output pin of the stabilizer, the third reference node 16 is connected first its input to the fourth output of the first source 6 of the reference voltage, the second input to the second output terminal of the stabilizer, and the output to the input of the second transistor switch 12 connected between the common bus and the second output terminal of the stabilizer, the relay element 10 sub-; keys with its second input to the output of the second comparison node 15, and the third input through the matching link 17 to the output of the second transistor switch, the first fuse 13 is connected to the stabilizer power bus between the common connection point of the second. the source 8 of the reference voltage with the first input of the stabilizer and the common connection point of the power output of the first differential amplifier 3 with the first regulator 1m element 1, and the second fuse 14 is connected to the power bus associated with the second input terminal of the stabilizer. The schematic diagram of the stabilizer with overcurrent protection (Fig. 3) further comprises two resistive current sensors 18 and 19, a third resistive divider 20, a resistor 21, a diode 22 and 23, and two nodes 24 and 25 of current limiting, each of which consists of a differential

amplifier 26 and two resistive dividers 27 and 28, connected by outputs to the inputs of the differential amplifier 26, and one of their inputs to the outputs of the corresponding resistance sensors 18 and 19 of the current, included in the power bus of the stabilizer, by its other inputs of resistive The active dividers 27 and 28 of the current limiting nodes 24 and 25 are connected to the common bus and the output of the third resistive divider 20 connected by the inputs between the common bus and the first output of the first source 6 of the reference voltage, the outputs of the differential amplifiers of the current-current nodes Figures 24 and 25 are connected via diodes 22 and 23 to the first and second inputs of the first 3 and second 4 differential amplifiers of the stabilizer, respectively, and a resistor 21 is connected between the second output of the stabilizer and the output of the third resistive divider 20.

The device (figure 1) works as follows.

The input of the resistive divider 5 generates a signal proportional to the difference of the voltage setting signal coming from the first output of the first source 6 of the reference voltage, and the feedback signal coming from the first output of the (+) voltage stabilizer. This difference signal is amplified by the differential amplifier 3 and is fed to the control input of the control transistor element 1, which keeps the output voltage (+) equal. given value. At the input of the resistive divider 7, a signal is generated that is proportional to the difference between the voltage setting signal coming from the first output (+) of the stabilizer and the feedback signal coming from the second output (-) of the voltage regulator. This difference signal is amplified by the differential amplifier 4 and is fed to the control input of the regulating transistor element 2, which maintains the output voltage (-) equal to the predetermined voltage (+) of the stabilizer.

The supply voltage to the differential amplifier 3 is supplied with a positive polarity from the first input (+ Ug) of the stabilizer and a negative polarity from the second

32300

the output (s) of the first source 6 of the reference voltage. The supply voltage to the differential amplifier 4 fto is positive polarity from the first C + U output of the second source 8 of the reference voltage and negative polarity from the second input terminal (-Ug) of the stabilizer. Specified

Q powering the voltage of the differential amplifiers 3 and 4 provides for the creation of control transistor elements 1 and 2 of the signals at the control inputs, respectively, but from zero to -Ug to zero, and therefore, the control of different output voltages. stabilizers within the specified limits (where tU., 2 ЗV - voltage that serves for

0 compensation of residual output of the output terminals of differential amplifiers 3 and 4). Despite the supply of differential amplifiers 3 and 4 by unstabilized voltages, due to their high gain factor, the stabilization factor of the stabilizer is quite high (over 100). The inputs of the comparison unit 9 receive the minimum setting value of the allowable value of the output voltage of the stabilizer (from the third output of the first source 6 of the reference voltage) and the output signal (-) of the stabilizer. In normal operation, the output voltage (-) of the stabilizer exceeds in amplitude the setpoint signal of the acceptable minimum value, at the output of the comparison node 9 there is no signal, there is a relay

40 element 10 is turned off and its output signal is equal to logical 1, which diagnoses the normal operation of the stabilizer. At the same time, the external drive protection system enters

45 signal, diagnosing the normal operation of the stabilizer.

Consider the operation of the stabilizer in FIG. 1 in the short-term reduced and re-recovery mode

50 supply voltage stabilizer (i and 6,). By reducing the supply voltage to a level at which the voltage at the outputs is maintained by means of control elements 1 and 2

55 () and (-) stabilizer is more than the setpoint, at the output of the comparison node 9, the signal is still absent, the relay element 10 generates a signal of Log.1 at the output. By reducing am35

the output voltages (+) and (-) of the stabilizer are lower than the setpoint U.

MIN

The output of the comparison node generates a signal causing the switching on of the relay element 10. At the same time, the output

 relay element 10 is formed

ABOUT

logical signal

incoming

into the protection system of the electric drive, by which the electric drive is accident-free disconnected (since the voltage of the stabilizer equal to / - and, "ensures the normal functioning of the integral elements of the control, regulation and protection of the electric drive).

When the supply voltage is reestablished during a time, transistor element 1 is a transistor switch 11. To limit the current, a limiting resistor can be included in the above circuit. When the amplitude of the voltage is exceeded, until the amplitude of the output voltages of the stabilizer reaches 20, the output voltage (-) tolerance and, „, at the output of the relay element -U, the node 16 of comparison 10 is formed by logical O protection of the drive is blocked its inclusion. When it reaches, it generates a signal at its output that enables the transistor switch 12 and, by matching the amplitudes of the output voltages of the stabilizer to the U value, a logical 1 appears at the output of the relay element 10, the drive protection system allows the drive to be turned on again. Note that the output voltage of the (-) stabilizer repeats with its amplitude the amplitude of the output voltage of the stabilizer (+), which makes sufficient use of a single reference node.

An overvoltage protection stabilizer (FIG. 2) operates as follows.

In the absence of overvoltages at the outputs of the stabilizer, the comparison nodes 15 and 16 generate output signals that ensure that the transistor switches 11 and 12 turn off. At the same time, from the output of the transistor switch 12, through the matching link 17, the input of the relay element 10 is fed to the output element 10 signal Log.1, corresponding to the normal functioning of the stabilizer.

If the output voltage is exceeded (+) above the permissible maximum value. (which takes place, for example, when the regulator link 17 fails to form — the output of the Log.O signal at the output of the relay element 10. At the same time, the output signal of the relay element 10 by the output signal of the drive element 10 is the switching off of the electric drive, and open transistor switch 12 is reached, the output voltage (-) is limited at the level of - (lax- After a time determined by

35 ampere-second characteristic, the fuse 14 blows due to the flow of large current through the circuit fuse 14 - regulating transistor element 2 - transistor switch 12. To limit the current, a limiting resistor can be included in the above circuit. When any of the fuses 13 and 14 burns out, the amplitudes of different polarity output voltages of the stabilizer are reduced to 45 liters, which prevents the presence of unipolar supply voltages on the integral elements of the control systems, control and protection of the electric drive, and therefore eliminates emergency modes in the electric drive.

Voltage stabilizer with protection

from current overloads (figure 3) of the operating transistor element 1), 55 as follows, the comparison node 15 forms on its own In the absence of current overloads

at the output of the stabilizer, the potential of the voltage at the output of the resistively of the divider 27 exceeds the potential of the output output of the signal, which ensures the activation of the transistor switch 11 and the measured output signal of the relay

element 10 on the Log.O, At the same time on the output signal O of the relay element 10 by the system of protection of electric

the water is turned off by an electric drive, and with the help of an open transistor switch 11, the amplitude of the output voltage (+) of the stabilizer is limited to

U,;,, After a time determined by the ampere-second characteristic, the fuse 13 blows due to the flow of large current through the circuit of the fuse 13 - regulating

The transistor element 1 is a transistor switch 11. In order to limit the current, a limiting resistor may be included in the above circuit. When the amplitude of the voltage of the output voltage (-) of the permissible value of-U is exceeded, the node 16 is comparable to

The output voltage (-) of the allowable value, U, node 16 is comparable to

nor, forms at its output a signal that ensures the inclusion of the transistor switch 12 and through the matching link 17 - the formation at the output of the relay element 10 of the signal Log.O. At the same time, the output signal Log.O of the relay element 10 sorts the electric drive by switching off the electric drive, and using an open transistor switch 12, the output voltage (-) is limited at the level - (Lax)

ampere-second characteristic, fuse 14 blows due to the flow of large current through the circuit fuse 14 - regulating transistor element 2 - transistor switch 12. To limit the current, a limiting resistor may be included in the above circuit. When any of the fuses 13 and 14 burn out, the amplitudes of the opposite-voltage output voltages of the stabilizer decrease to zero, which prevents the presence of unipolar supply voltages on the integral elements of the control, regulation and protection systems of the electric drive, and therefore eliminates emergency modes in the electric drive.

Voltage stabilizer with protection

Signal of a resistive divider 28, Differential amplifiers 26 nodes 24 and 25 current-limiting signals are formed, respectively, negative and positive polarity, which are cut off by closed diodes 22 and 23 from the inputs of the differential amplifiers, respectively, 3 and 4 stabilizers. Consequently, in this mode, the current-limiting nodes do not affect the operation of the stabilizer, whose operation is carried out similarly to that described in the operation of the device of FIG.

In the presence of current neperpysojc at the stabilizer output, due to an increase in the voltage drops on the resistive current sensors 18 and 19, the voltage potential at the output of the resistive divider 27 becomes lower than the potential of the signal at the output of the resistive divider 28. Differential amplifiers 26 The current limiting nodes 24 and 25 form signals of positive and negative polarity, respectively, which through open diodes 22 and 23 arrive at the inputs of differential amplifiers 3 and 4 of the stabilizer. At the same time, the amplitude of the output signals of the differential amplifiers 3 and 4 is reduced to values at which the output voltage of the stabilizer creates a load current of the stabilizer equal to the permissible value (based on the permissible power dissipation of the control transistor elements). Thus, the stabilizer output current is limited. Depending on the value of the output voltage of the stabilizer in the mode of current overload, the potential of the output signal of resistive divFel 20 varies in proportion to the current flowing through the resistor 21 (proportional to the output voltage). At the same time, the value of the limited output current also varies in proportion to the output voltage, which means that the power that is dissipated at the regulating transistor elements of the stabilizer in the current limiting mode remains constant regardless of the output voltage of the stabilizer.

In current limiting mode, when, as a result of the operation of current-limiting nodes, the output voltage

the stabilizer is set below the minimum allowable value and ", at the output of the relay element 10, a signal Log is generated. About which the drive is switched off.

The proposed technical solution expands the range of regulation of the output voltage of the stabilizer, provides a fast-acting diagnostics of the stabilizer function, overvoltage protection and current overloads at the stabilizer output, reducing the size and cost of the stabilizer. I I-Extending the range of regulating the output voltage of the stabilizer to low values in the proposed technical solution is achieved by negatively shifting the supply voltage of the operational amplifiers, which is used to create negative voltages at the control inputs of the regulating transistor elements. Expansion of the range of output voltage regulation in the region of maximum values is achieved by supplying differential amplifiers for each single-field stabilizer from the corresponding input voltage of the stabilizer.

Providing high-speed diagnostics of the operation (necessary sources of stabilized power supply of control systems, regulation and protection of electric drives) about deviations of output stabilizer voltages beyond permissible values is achieved through continuous monitoring and high-speed indication of the state of functioning of the stabilizer without inertia semiconductor relay element.

Overvoltage protection at the output of the stabilizer is achieved by shunting the outputs of the stabilizer with power transistor switches followed by blown fuses in the input of the stabilizer

Protection against current overloads is carried out by monitoring the output current of the stabilizer and limiting it to an acceptable level by locking the regulating transistor elements of the stabilizer.

Pho-rmule inventions

Claims (3)

1. A bipolar voltage regulator containing two control transistor elements included in different polarized power buses,  the control input of each of which is connected to the output of the corresponding differential amplifier, the first input of the first of the amplifiers is connected to the output of the first resistive divider connected by its first input to the first output and the second input to the first output of the first voltage source, the first input The second differential amplifier is connected to the common bus, and the second input is connected to the output of the second resistive divider connected between the first and second output pins, characterized in that, in order to expand The output voltage control range and the provision of high-speed diagnostics of the operation, a second source of voltage, a reference node and a non-speed relay element, are inserted in it, the first and second sources of voltage being connected, respectively, between the different input terminals and the total thickness The power supply terminal of the first differential amplifier is connected to the first input terminal, the second one to the second output of the first onoijHoro voltage source, and the second input to its second input The differential amplifier is connected to the common bus, the second differential amplifier is connected to the second input terminal, the first power supply terminal  eye - to the output of the second voltage source, the comparison node is connected by the first input to the main output of the first voltage source, the second input to the second output terminal, and the output to the input of the relay element connected to the power terminals to the input terminals, In this way, the output of the relay element is the diagnostic lead of the stabilizer. 2. The stabilizer according to claim 1, about tl and - due to the fact that, in order to protect against overvoltages, two transistor switches, two fuses, the second and third equipments, the matching link, and re 3230010 are inserted into it The ley element is provided with the second and third inputs, the first and second sources of the reference voltage are provided with the fourth and second outputs, respectively, while the second comparison node is connected by the first input to the second output of the second reference voltage source, the second input to the first output terminal, and the output to the input of the first transistor switch connected between the common bus and the first output pin, the third comparison node is connected by the first input to 15 fourth exit of the first source the reference voltage, the second input to the second output terminal, and the output to the input of the second transistor switch connected between the common bus 20 and the second output terminal, relay. the element is connected by the second input to the output of the second comparison node, and the third input is connected through the matching link to the output of the second transistor 25th key; the first fuse is connected between the common connection point of the second reference source and the first input terminal of the stabilizer and the common connection point 30 of the first differential amplifier with the first regulating element, and the second fuse is connected between the second input of the stabilizer and the second regulating 35 element. 3. The stabilizer according to claim 1, about tl, and - due to the fact that, in order to protect against current loads, .Q introduced two resistive current sensors, a third resistive divider, a resistor, two diodes, and two current nodes. each of which consists of a differential amplifier and two resistive dividers connected by outputs to the inputs of the differential amplifier, and one of the inputs to the outputs of the corresponding resistive current sensors included in the stabilizer power buses, with their other inputs resistive dividers of the current-limiting nodes by key to a common bus and the output of the third resistive divider, podsoedinenno- gg .go inputs schinoy between the total and the first output of the first source opor-, Nogo voltage differential amplifiers vyhbdy tokoograni- Cheney nodes are connected through diodes soot45 50 11 1332300 2 Respectively, the first and second inputs are connected between the second output of the first and second differential stabilizer and the output of the third output of the stabilizer amplifiers, and the resistance divider.