SU1331441A1 - Method of presowing treatment of seeds of farm crops - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and forestry and concerns methods for the presowing treatment of seeds and agricultural and forest crops. The purpose of the invention is to increase crop yields by improving the quality of the treated seeds. For processing, the seeds are stirred for perforation)) of the working surface with a layer of 10-15 cm thick and periodically irrigated until the appearance of single sprouts. Then, the irrigation is stopped and a stream of air heated to 10-25 ° C (up to 10 15 ° C for seeds of cold-resistant cultures and up to 15-25 ° C for seeds of heat-loving crops) is passed through a layer of seeds. The drying of seeds is stopped at the moment when their humidity exceeds the standard condition by 15-20%. 3 tab. "E (L with so N; 4

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agriculture and forestry and concerns methods for presowing treatment of seeds.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield of crops by increasing the quality of the treated seeds.

Example 1. Seeds of agricultural crops of standard moisture are poured into a mesh container and immersed in a water bath (if necessary, with a solution of necessary substances) for the time of intensive water absorption, after which the seeds are mixed, permed on a perforated working surface with a layer TLSH.INO 10-15 see. Seeds are periodically irrigated with water (if necessary, with a solution) before they go from a quiescent state to a swelling phase (until single sprouts appear), after which the irrigation is stopped and an air stream is passed through the seed bed. It is advisable to carry out the pre-sowing treatment of seeds on a floor drier, over which working surfaces spray nozzles are installed.

It is established that the temperature of the air flow should be 10-25 ° C. At the same time, for heat-loving crops (millet, buckwheat, soy, zucchini, cucumbers, melons, eggplants, etc.), blowing should be carried out with air flow heated to 15-25 ° С. Seeds of cold-resistant crops (barley, oats, wheat, rye, rape, etc.) should be purged with air having a temperature not higher than 10-15 ° С. During the drying process, seeds are periodically sampled and their humidity is determined. When the humidity of seeds exceeds the standard one by 15–20%, the blowing of air is stopped. Seeds prepared in this way are pickled and sown in the soil in the next 48 hours.

The pre-sowing treatment of seeds on a perforated working surface eliminates over-wetting of the seeds during irrigation, and at the same time there is no need for mixing and agitating, which reduces their injury.

Example 2. Seeds of barley varieties Nutans 518 standard humidity (15%) were poured into a 1.5 m mesh container and placed in a bath with water at 15 ° C for 1 h, then they were placed on the working surface with a layer of 15 cm. 20 t of seeds were placed on the working surface. At a height of 1 m above the seed layer, a pipeline was installed with sprays, the number of which was chosen based on the condition of complete and uniform wetting of the entire surface of the seeds.

Seeds were irrigated for 6 hours (5 minutes each

every hour). After the appearance of the first shoots, the irrigation was stopped and the seeds were blown with an air flow (17 ° C) created by the heat generator for 1 hour. After adjusting the seed moisture to 30–35%, the air was stopped, removed

0 grain from the working surface by grain loaders to the back of a car and treated with 1-TMTD on a pickling machine. After 7–10 hours, the seeds were planted with 150 ha of seeds without fertilizers. Control;

5, seeds of conditioned humidity were seeded on the same field. The results are shown in Table. I.

Example 3. According to the method of Example 2, Jubilee varieties of sugar beet were processed in the amount of 580 kg and they were planted.

0 on an area of 58 hectares of spraying with the application of mineral fertilizers.

Example 4. According to the method of example 2 processed onion seeds chernushki and cucumbers. The results are shown in Table. 2

5 Example 5. The effect of the final moisture content of the treated seeds on their quality was studied. The results are shown in Table. 3

According to the state standard for the seeds of each agricultural crop. Tours set conditional humidity 8-16%. Therefore, according to the proposed method, seeds that have undergone pre-sowing treatment should have a moisture content of 23-36%, preferably 28-33%.

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Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of pre-sowing treatment of seeds and agricultural crops by placing them on the working surface with a layer of 10–15 cm thick, periodically spraying water before the appearance of single sprouts and subsequent drying of seeds to a certain moisture, characterized in by improving the quality of the treated seeds, use  perforated work surface, and drying is carried out by blowing air through a layer of seeds to a moisture that is 15–20% higher than conditioned. Chernushka onions Barley 17 31 48 Table 25.8 29.5 26.1 Sugar Continued table. 3